Release v0.30.6

Allow values for limitInputPixels larger than 32-bit #3238
Ensure brew-installed vips can be detected #3239
2026-02-04 13:46:19 +01:00 · 2022-05-30 08:56:14 +01:00 · 2022-05-28 08:35:17 +01:00 · 2022-05-26 22:58:24 +01:00 · 2022-05-24 21:14:13 +01:00 · 2022-05-23 12:19:02 +01:00
60 changed files with 1172 additions and 419 deletions
--- a/.cirrus.yml
+++ b/.cirrus.yml
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 freebsd_instance:
-  image_family: freebsd-13-0-snap
+  image_family: freebsd-14-0-snap

 task:
-  name: FreeBSD 13.0
+  name: FreeBSD
  env:
    IGNORE_OSVERSION: yes
  skip_notifications: true
  prerequisites_script:
    - pkg update -f
    - pkg upgrade -y
-    - pkg install -y pkgconf vips node npm
+    - pkg install -y devel/pkgconf graphics/vips www/node16 www/npm
  install_script:
    - npm install --build-from-source --unsafe-perm
  test_script:
--- a/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ If a [similar request](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/labels/enhancement) exist
 it's probably fastest to add a comment to it about your requirement.

 Implementation is usually straightforward if libvips
-[already supports](https://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/func-list.html)
+[already supports](https://www.libvips.org/API/current/func-list.html)
 the feature you need.

 ## Submit a Pull Request to fix a bug
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md
@@ -5,12 +5,24 @@ labels: enhancement

 ---

-What are you trying to achieve?
+## Feature request

-Have you searched for similar feature requests?
+### What are you trying to achieve?

-What would you expect the API to look like?
+<!-- Please provide context here. -->

-What alternatives have you considered?
+### When you searched for similar feature requests, what did you find that might be related?

-Is there a sample image that helps explain?
+<!-- Please demonstrate your research here. -->
+
+### What would you expect the API to look like?
+
+<!-- Please provide your suggestions here. -->
+
+### What alternatives have you considered?
+
+<!-- Please provide your ideas here. -->
+
+### Please provide sample image(s) that help explain this feature
+
+<!-- Please provide links to one or more images here. -->
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/installation.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/installation.md
@@ -7,11 +7,24 @@ labels: installation

 <!-- Please try to answer as many of these questions as possible. -->

-Did you see the [documentation relating to installation](https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install)?
+## Possible install-time or require-time problem

-Have you ensured the architecture and platform of Node.js used for `npm install` is the same as the architecture and platform of Node.js used at runtime?
+<!-- Please place an [x] in the box to confirm. -->

-Are you using the latest version? Is the version currently in use as reported by `npm ls sharp` the same as the latest version as reported by `npm view sharp dist-tags.latest`?
+- [ ] I have read the [documentation relating to installation](https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install).
+- [ ] I have ensured that the architecture and platform of Node.js used for `npm install` is the same as the architecture and platform of Node.js used at runtime.
+
+### Are you using the latest version of sharp?
+
+<!-- Please place an [x] in the box to confirm. -->
+
+- [ ] I am using the latest version of `sharp` as reported by `npm view sharp dist-tags.latest`.
+
+If you cannot confirm this, please upgrade to the latest version and try again before opening an issue.
+
+If you are using another package which depends on a version of `sharp` that is not the latest, please open an issue against that package instead.
+
+### Is this a problem with filesystem permissions?

 If you are using npm v6 or earlier and installing as a `root` or `sudo` user, have you tried with the `npm install --unsafe-perm` flag?

@@ -19,6 +32,14 @@ If you are using npm v7 or later, does the user running `npm install` own the di

 If you are using the `ignore-scripts` feature of `npm`, have you tried with the `npm install --ignore-scripts=false` flag?

-What is the complete output of running `npm install --verbose sharp`? Have you checked this output for useful error messages?
+### What is the complete output of running `npm install --verbose --foreground-scripts sharp` in an empty directory?

-What is the output of running `npx envinfo --binaries --system`?
+<details>
+
+<!-- Please provide output of `npm install --verbose --foreground-scripts sharp` in an empty directory here. -->
+
+</details>
+
+### What is the output of running `npx envinfo --binaries --system --npmPackages=sharp --npmGlobalPackages=sharp`?
+
+<!-- Please provide output of `npx envinfo --binaries --system --npmPackages=sharp --npmGlobalPackages=sharp` here. -->
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/possible-bug.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/possible-bug.md
@@ -7,14 +7,43 @@ labels: triage

 <!-- If this issue relates to installation, please use https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/new?labels=installation&template=installation.md instead. -->

-Are you using the latest version? Is the version currently in use as reported by `npm ls sharp` the same as the latest version as reported by `npm view sharp dist-tags.latest`?
+## Possible bug

-What are the steps to reproduce?
+### Is this a possible bug in a feature of sharp, unrelated to installation?

-What is the expected behaviour?
+<!-- Please place an [x] in the box to confirm. -->

-Are you able to provide a minimal, standalone code sample, without other dependencies, that demonstrates this problem?
+- [ ] Running `npm install sharp` completes without error.
+- [ ] Running `node -e "require('sharp')"` completes without error.

-Are you able to provide a sample image that helps explain the problem?
+If you cannot confirm both of these, please open an [installation issue](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/new?labels=installation&template=installation.md) instead.

-What is the output of running `npx envinfo --binaries --system`?
+### Are you using the latest version of sharp?
+
+<!-- Please place an [x] in the box to confirm. -->
+
+- [ ] I am using the latest version of `sharp` as reported by `npm view sharp dist-tags.latest`.
+
+If you cannot confirm this, please upgrade to the latest version and try again before opening an issue.
+
+If you are using another package which depends on a version of `sharp` that is not the latest, please open an issue against that package instead.
+
+### What is the output of running `npx envinfo --binaries --system --npmPackages=sharp --npmGlobalPackages=sharp`?
+
+<!-- Please provide output of the above command here. -->
+
+### What are the steps to reproduce?
+
+<!-- Please enter steps to reproduce here. -->
+
+### What is the expected behaviour?
+
+<!-- Please enter the expected behaviour here. -->
+
+### Please provide a minimal, standalone code sample, without other dependencies, that demonstrates this problem
+
+<!-- Please provide either formatted code or a link to a repo/gist that allows someone else to reproduce here. -->
+
+### Please provide sample image(s) that help explain this problem
+
+<!-- Please provide links to one or more images here. -->
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/question.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/question.md
@@ -7,10 +7,20 @@ labels: question

 <!-- If this issue relates to installation, please use https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/new?labels=installation&template=installation.md instead. -->

-What are you trying to achieve?
+## Question about an existing feature

-Have you searched for similar questions?
+### What are you trying to achieve?

-Are you able to provide a minimal, standalone code sample that demonstrates this question?
+<!-- Please provide context here. -->

-Are you able to provide a sample image that helps explain the question?
+### When you searched for similar issues, what did you find that might be related?
+
+<!-- Please demonstrate your research here. -->
+
+### Please provide a minimal, standalone code sample, without other dependencies, that demonstrates this question
+
+<!-- Please provide either formatted code or a link to a repo/gist that helps someone else understand here. -->
+
+### Please provide sample image(s) that help explain this question
+
+<!-- Please provide links to one or more images here. -->
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -33,17 +33,33 @@ jobs:
          - os: macos-10.15
            nodejs_version: 12
            prebuild: true
+            nodejs_arch: x64
          - os: macos-10.15
            nodejs_version: 14
+            nodejs_arch: x64
          - os: macos-10.15
            nodejs_version: 16
+            nodejs_arch: x64
          - os: windows-2019
            nodejs_version: 12
+            nodejs_arch: x86
            prebuild: true
          - os: windows-2019
            nodejs_version: 14
+            nodejs_arch: x86
          - os: windows-2019
            nodejs_version: 16
+            nodejs_arch: x86
+          - os: windows-2019
+            nodejs_version: 12
+            nodejs_arch: x64
+            prebuild: true
+          - os: windows-2019
+            nodejs_version: 14
+            nodejs_arch: x64
+          - os: windows-2019
+            nodejs_version: 16
+            nodejs_arch: x64
    steps:
      - name: Dependencies (Linux glibc)
        if: contains(matrix.container, 'centos')
@@ -57,9 +73,10 @@ jobs:
        run: apk add build-base git python3 --update-cache
      - name: Dependencies (macOS, Windows)
        if: contains(matrix.os, 'macos') || contains(matrix.os, 'windows')
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v1
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
        with:
          node-version: ${{ matrix.nodejs_version }}
+          architecture: ${{ matrix.nodejs_arch }}
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v2
      - name: Fix working directory ownership
--- a/appveyor.yml
+++ b/appveyor.yml
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-os: Visual Studio 2019
-version: "{build}"
-build: off
-platform: x86
-environment:
-  matrix:
-  - nodejs_version: "12"
-    prebuild: true
-  - nodejs_version: "14"
-  - nodejs_version: "16"
-install:
-  - ps: Update-NodeJsInstallation (Get-NodeJsLatestBuild $env:nodejs_version)
-  - npm install --build-from-source
-test_script:
-  - npm test
-on_success:
-  - if [%prebuild%] == [true] if [%APPVEYOR_REPO_TAG%] == [true] npx prebuild --runtime napi --target 5
--- a/binding.gyp
+++ b/binding.gyp
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@
              'VCCLCompilerTool': {
                'ExceptionHandling': 1,
                'Optimization': 1,
-                'RuntimeLibrary': '2', # /MD
                'WholeProgramOptimization': 'true'
              },
              'VCLibrarianTool': {
@@ -206,7 +205,6 @@
              'VCCLCompilerTool': {
                'ExceptionHandling': 1,
                'Optimization': 1,
-                'RuntimeLibrary': '2', # /MD
                'WholeProgramOptimization': 'true'
              },
              'VCLibrarianTool': {
--- a/docs/api-colour.md
+++ b/docs/api-colour.md
@@ -9,7 +9,13 @@ An alpha channel may be present and will be unchanged by the operation.

 *   `rgb` **([string][1] | [Object][2])** parsed by the [color][3] module to extract chroma values.

-<!---->
+### Examples
+
+```javascript
+const output = await sharp(input)
+  .tint({ r: 255, g: 240, b: 16 })
+  .toBuffer();
+```

 *   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid parameter

@@ -28,6 +34,12 @@ An alpha channel may be present, and will be unchanged by the operation.

 *   `greyscale` **[Boolean][5]**  (optional, default `true`)

+### Examples
+
+```javascript
+const output = await sharp(input).greyscale().toBuffer();
+```
+
 Returns **Sharp** 

 ## grayscale
--- a/docs/api-composite.md
+++ b/docs/api-composite.md
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ The `blend` option can be one of `clear`, `source`, `over`, `in`, `out`, `atop`,
 `hard-light`, `soft-light`, `difference`, `exclusion`.

 More information about blend modes can be found at
-[https://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/libvips-conversion.html#VipsBlendMode][1]
+[https://www.libvips.org/API/current/libvips-conversion.html#VipsBlendMode][1]
 and [https://www.cairographics.org/operators/][2]

 ### Parameters
@@ -41,11 +41,29 @@ and [https://www.cairographics.org/operators/][2]
        *   `images[].raw.width` **[Number][7]?** 
        *   `images[].raw.height` **[Number][7]?** 
        *   `images[].raw.channels` **[Number][7]?** 
-    *   `images[].failOnError` **[boolean][9]** @see [constructor parameters][10] (optional, default `true`)
+    *   `images[].animated` **[boolean][9]** Set to `true` to read all frames/pages of an animated image. (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `images[].failOn` **[string][6]** @see [constructor parameters][10] (optional, default `'warning'`)
    *   `images[].limitInputPixels` **([number][7] | [boolean][9])** @see [constructor parameters][10] (optional, default `268402689`)

 ### Examples

+```javascript
+await sharp(background)
+  .composite([
+    { input: layer1, gravity: 'northwest' },
+    { input: layer2, gravity: 'southeast' },
+  ])
+  .toFile('combined.png');
+```
+
+```javascript
+const output = await sharp('input.gif', { animated: true })
+  .composite([
+    { input: 'overlay.png', tile: true, blend: 'saturate' }
+  ])
+  .toBuffer();
+```
+
 ```javascript
 sharp('input.png')
  .rotate(180)
@@ -71,7 +89,7 @@ Returns **Sharp**

 *   **since**: 0.22.0

-[1]: https://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/libvips-conversion.html#VipsBlendMode
+[1]: https://www.libvips.org/API/current/libvips-conversion.html#VipsBlendMode

 [2]: https://www.cairographics.org/operators/

--- a/docs/api-constructor.md
+++ b/docs/api-constructor.md
@@ -20,38 +20,37 @@ Implements the [stream.Duplex][1] class.
    JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, GIF, SVG, TIFF or raw pixel image data can be streamed into the object when not present.
 *   `options` **[Object][13]?** if present, is an Object with optional attributes.

-    *   `options.failOnError` **[boolean][14]** by default halt processing and raise an error when loading invalid images.
-        Set this flag to `false` if you'd rather apply a "best effort" to decode images, even if the data is corrupt or invalid. (optional, default `true`)
-    *   `options.limitInputPixels` **([number][15] | [boolean][14])** Do not process input images where the number of pixels
+    *   `options.failOn` **[string][12]** level of sensitivity to invalid images, one of (in order of sensitivity): 'none' (least), 'truncated', 'error' or 'warning' (most), highers level imply lower levels. (optional, default `'warning'`)
+    *   `options.limitInputPixels` **([number][14] | [boolean][15])** Do not process input images where the number of pixels
        (width x height) exceeds this limit. Assumes image dimensions contained in the input metadata can be trusted.
        An integral Number of pixels, zero or false to remove limit, true to use default limit of 268402689 (0x3FFF x 0x3FFF). (optional, default `268402689`)
-    *   `options.unlimited` **[boolean][14]** Set this to `true` to remove safety features that help prevent memory exhaustion (SVG, PNG). (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.sequentialRead` **[boolean][14]** Set this to `true` to use sequential rather than random access where possible.
+    *   `options.unlimited` **[boolean][15]** Set this to `true` to remove safety features that help prevent memory exhaustion (SVG, PNG). (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.sequentialRead` **[boolean][15]** Set this to `true` to use sequential rather than random access where possible.
        This can reduce memory usage and might improve performance on some systems. (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.density` **[number][15]** number representing the DPI for vector images in the range 1 to 100000. (optional, default `72`)
-    *   `options.pages` **[number][15]** number of pages to extract for multi-page input (GIF, WebP, AVIF, TIFF, PDF), use -1 for all pages. (optional, default `1`)
-    *   `options.page` **[number][15]** page number to start extracting from for multi-page input (GIF, WebP, AVIF, TIFF, PDF), zero based. (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.subifd` **[number][15]** subIFD (Sub Image File Directory) to extract for OME-TIFF, defaults to main image. (optional, default `-1`)
-    *   `options.level` **[number][15]** level to extract from a multi-level input (OpenSlide), zero based. (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.animated` **[boolean][14]** Set to `true` to read all frames/pages of an animated image (equivalent of setting `pages` to `-1`). (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.density` **[number][14]** number representing the DPI for vector images in the range 1 to 100000. (optional, default `72`)
+    *   `options.pages` **[number][14]** number of pages to extract for multi-page input (GIF, WebP, AVIF, TIFF, PDF), use -1 for all pages. (optional, default `1`)
+    *   `options.page` **[number][14]** page number to start extracting from for multi-page input (GIF, WebP, AVIF, TIFF, PDF), zero based. (optional, default `0`)
+    *   `options.subifd` **[number][14]** subIFD (Sub Image File Directory) to extract for OME-TIFF, defaults to main image. (optional, default `-1`)
+    *   `options.level` **[number][14]** level to extract from a multi-level input (OpenSlide), zero based. (optional, default `0`)
+    *   `options.animated` **[boolean][15]** Set to `true` to read all frames/pages of an animated image (equivalent of setting `pages` to `-1`). (optional, default `false`)
    *   `options.raw` **[Object][13]?** describes raw pixel input image data. See `raw()` for pixel ordering.

-        *   `options.raw.width` **[number][15]?** integral number of pixels wide.
-        *   `options.raw.height` **[number][15]?** integral number of pixels high.
-        *   `options.raw.channels` **[number][15]?** integral number of channels, between 1 and 4.
-        *   `options.raw.premultiplied` **[boolean][14]?** specifies that the raw input has already been premultiplied, set to `true`
+        *   `options.raw.width` **[number][14]?** integral number of pixels wide.
+        *   `options.raw.height` **[number][14]?** integral number of pixels high.
+        *   `options.raw.channels` **[number][14]?** integral number of channels, between 1 and 4.
+        *   `options.raw.premultiplied` **[boolean][15]?** specifies that the raw input has already been premultiplied, set to `true`
            to avoid sharp premultiplying the image. (optional, default `false`)
    *   `options.create` **[Object][13]?** describes a new image to be created.

-        *   `options.create.width` **[number][15]?** integral number of pixels wide.
-        *   `options.create.height` **[number][15]?** integral number of pixels high.
-        *   `options.create.channels` **[number][15]?** integral number of channels, either 3 (RGB) or 4 (RGBA).
+        *   `options.create.width` **[number][14]?** integral number of pixels wide.
+        *   `options.create.height` **[number][14]?** integral number of pixels high.
+        *   `options.create.channels` **[number][14]?** integral number of channels, either 3 (RGB) or 4 (RGBA).
        *   `options.create.background` **([string][12] | [Object][13])?** parsed by the [color][16] module to extract values for red, green, blue and alpha.
        *   `options.create.noise` **[Object][13]?** describes a noise to be created.

            *   `options.create.noise.type` **[string][12]?** type of generated noise, currently only `gaussian` is supported.
-            *   `options.create.noise.mean` **[number][15]?** mean of pixels in generated noise.
-            *   `options.create.noise.sigma` **[number][15]?** standard deviation of pixels in generated noise.
+            *   `options.create.noise.mean` **[number][14]?** mean of pixels in generated noise.
+            *   `options.create.noise.sigma` **[number][14]?** standard deviation of pixels in generated noise.

 ### Examples

@@ -154,9 +153,7 @@ readableStream.pipe(pipeline);
 // Using Promises to know when the pipeline is complete
 const fs = require("fs");
 const got = require("got");
-const sharpStream = sharp({
-  failOnError: false
-});
+const sharpStream = sharp({ failOn: 'none' });

 const promises = [];

@@ -226,9 +223,9 @@ Returns **[Sharp][18]**

 [13]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object

-[14]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean
+[14]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number

-[15]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number
+[15]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean

 [16]: https://www.npmjs.org/package/color

--- a/docs/api-input.md
+++ b/docs/api-input.md
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ A `Promise` is returned when `callback` is not provided.

 *   `format`: Name of decoder used to decompress image data e.g. `jpeg`, `png`, `webp`, `gif`, `svg`
 *   `size`: Total size of image in bytes, for Stream and Buffer input only
-*   `width`: Number of pixels wide (EXIF orientation is not taken into consideration)
-*   `height`: Number of pixels high (EXIF orientation is not taken into consideration)
+*   `width`: Number of pixels wide (EXIF orientation is not taken into consideration, see example below)
+*   `height`: Number of pixels high (EXIF orientation is not taken into consideration, see example below)
 *   `space`: Name of colour space interpretation e.g. `srgb`, `rgb`, `cmyk`, `lab`, `b-w` [...][1]
 *   `channels`: Number of bands e.g. `3` for sRGB, `4` for CMYK
 *   `depth`: Name of pixel depth format e.g. `uchar`, `char`, `ushort`, `float` [...][2]
@@ -63,6 +63,18 @@ image
  });
 ```

+```javascript
+// Based on EXIF rotation metadata, get the right-side-up width and height:
+
+const size = getNormalSize(await sharp(input).metadata());
+
+function getNormalSize({ width, height, orientation }) {
+  return orientation || 0 >= 5
+    ? { width: height, height: width }
+    : { width, height };
+}
+```
+
 Returns **([Promise][5]<[Object][6]> | Sharp)** 

 ## stats
@@ -82,9 +94,9 @@ A `Promise` is returned when `callback` is not provided.
    *   `maxX` (x-coordinate of one of the pixel where the maximum lies)
    *   `maxY` (y-coordinate of one of the pixel where the maximum lies)
 *   `isOpaque`: Is the image fully opaque? Will be `true` if the image has no alpha channel or if every pixel is fully opaque.
-*   `entropy`: Histogram-based estimation of greyscale entropy, discarding alpha channel if any (experimental)
-*   `sharpness`: Estimation of greyscale sharpness based on the standard deviation of a Laplacian convolution, discarding alpha channel if any (experimental)
-*   `dominant`: Object containing most dominant sRGB colour based on a 4096-bin 3D histogram (experimental)
+*   `entropy`: Histogram-based estimation of greyscale entropy, discarding alpha channel if any.
+*   `sharpness`: Estimation of greyscale sharpness based on the standard deviation of a Laplacian convolution, discarding alpha channel if any.
+*   `dominant`: Object containing most dominant sRGB colour based on a 4096-bin 3D histogram.

 **Note**: Statistics are derived from the original input image. Any operations performed on the image must first be
 written to a buffer in order to run `stats` on the result (see third example).
@@ -119,9 +131,9 @@ const stats = await sharp(part).stats();

 Returns **[Promise][5]<[Object][6]>** 

-[1]: https://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/VipsImage.html#VipsInterpretation
+[1]: https://www.libvips.org/API/current/VipsImage.html#VipsInterpretation

-[2]: https://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/VipsImage.html#VipsBandFormat
+[2]: https://www.libvips.org/API/current/VipsImage.html#VipsBandFormat

 [3]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/icc

--- a/docs/api-operation.md
+++ b/docs/api-operation.md
@@ -53,6 +53,12 @@ The use of `flip` implies the removal of the EXIF `Orientation` tag, if any.

 *   `flip` **[Boolean][6]**  (optional, default `true`)

+### Examples
+
+```javascript
+const output = await sharp(input).flip().toBuffer();
+```
+
 Returns **Sharp** 

 ## flop
@@ -64,6 +70,12 @@ The use of `flop` implies the removal of the EXIF `Orientation` tag, if any.

 *   `flop` **[Boolean][6]**  (optional, default `true`)

+### Examples
+
+```javascript
+const output = await sharp(input).flop().toBuffer();
+```
+
 Returns **Sharp** 

 ## affine
@@ -129,13 +141,43 @@ When used without parameters, performs a fast, mild sharpen of the output image.
 When a `sigma` is provided, performs a slower, more accurate sharpen of the L channel in the LAB colour space.
 Separate control over the level of sharpening in "flat" and "jagged" areas is available.

+See [libvips sharpen][8] operation.
+
 ### Parameters

-*   `sigma` **[number][1]?** the sigma of the Gaussian mask, where `sigma = 1 + radius / 2`.
-*   `flat` **[number][1]** the level of sharpening to apply to "flat" areas. (optional, default `1.0`)
-*   `jagged` **[number][1]** the level of sharpening to apply to "jagged" areas. (optional, default `2.0`)
+*   `options` **([Object][2] | [number][1])?** if present, is an Object with attributes or (deprecated) a number for `options.sigma`.

-<!---->
+    *   `options.sigma` **[number][1]?** the sigma of the Gaussian mask, where `sigma = 1 + radius / 2`.
+    *   `options.m1` **[number][1]** the level of sharpening to apply to "flat" areas. (optional, default `1.0`)
+    *   `options.m2` **[number][1]** the level of sharpening to apply to "jagged" areas. (optional, default `2.0`)
+    *   `options.x1` **[number][1]** threshold between "flat" and "jagged" (optional, default `2.0`)
+    *   `options.y2` **[number][1]** maximum amount of brightening. (optional, default `10.0`)
+    *   `options.y3` **[number][1]** maximum amount of darkening. (optional, default `20.0`)
+*   `flat` **[number][1]?** (deprecated) see `options.m1`.
+*   `jagged` **[number][1]?** (deprecated) see `options.m2`.
+
+### Examples
+
+```javascript
+const data = await sharp(input).sharpen().toBuffer();
+```
+
+```javascript
+const data = await sharp(input).sharpen({ sigma: 2 }).toBuffer();
+```
+
+```javascript
+const data = await sharp(input)
+  .sharpen({
+    sigma: 2,
+    m1: 0
+    m2: 3,
+    x1: 3,
+    y2: 15,
+    y3: 15,
+  })
+  .toBuffer();
+```

 *   Throws **[Error][5]** Invalid parameters

@@ -150,7 +192,15 @@ When used without parameters the default window is 3x3.

 *   `size` **[number][1]** square mask size: size x size (optional, default `3`)

-<!---->
+### Examples
+
+```javascript
+const output = await sharp(input).median().toBuffer();
+```
+
+```javascript
+const output = await sharp(input).median(5).toBuffer();
+```

 *   Throws **[Error][5]** Invalid parameters

@@ -190,7 +240,7 @@ Returns **Sharp**

 Merge alpha transparency channel, if any, with a background, then remove the alpha channel.

-See also [removeAlpha][8].
+See also [removeAlpha][9].

 ### Parameters

@@ -239,6 +289,20 @@ Produce the "negative" of the image.

    *   `options.alpha` **[Boolean][6]** Whether or not to negate any alpha channel (optional, default `true`)

+### Examples
+
+```javascript
+const output = await sharp(input)
+  .negate()
+  .toBuffer();
+```
+
+```javascript
+const output = await sharp(input)
+  .negate({ alpha: false })
+  .toBuffer();
+```
+
 Returns **Sharp** 

 ## normalise
@@ -249,6 +313,12 @@ Enhance output image contrast by stretching its luminance to cover the full dyna

 *   `normalise` **[Boolean][6]**  (optional, default `true`)

+### Examples
+
+```javascript
+const output = await sharp(input).normalise().toBuffer();
+```
+
 Returns **Sharp** 

 ## normalize
@@ -259,12 +329,18 @@ Alternative spelling of normalise.

 *   `normalize` **[Boolean][6]**  (optional, default `true`)

+### Examples
+
+```javascript
+const output = await sharp(input).normalize().toBuffer();
+```
+
 Returns **Sharp** 

 ## clahe

 Perform contrast limiting adaptive histogram equalization
-[CLAHE][9].
+[CLAHE][10].

 This will, in general, enhance the clarity of the image by bringing out darker details.

@@ -278,7 +354,16 @@ This will, in general, enhance the clarity of the image by bringing out darker d
        cumulative histogram. A value of 0 disables contrast limiting. Valid values
        are integers in the range 0-100 (inclusive) (optional, default `3`)

-<!---->
+### Examples
+
+```javascript
+const output = await sharp(input)
+  .clahe({
+    width: 3,
+    height: 3,
+  })
+  .toBuffer();
+```

 *   Throws **[Error][5]** Invalid parameters

@@ -349,7 +434,7 @@ the selected bitwise boolean `operation` between the corresponding pixels of the

 ### Parameters

-*   `operand` **([Buffer][10] | [string][3])** Buffer containing image data or string containing the path to an image file.
+*   `operand` **([Buffer][11] | [string][3])** Buffer containing image data or string containing the path to an image file.
 *   `operator` **[string][3]** one of `and`, `or` or `eor` to perform that bitwise operation, like the C logic operators `&`, `|` and `^` respectively.
 *   `options` **[Object][2]?** 

@@ -430,28 +515,41 @@ brightness is multiplicative whereas lightness is additive.
 ### Examples

 ```javascript
-sharp(input)
+// increase brightness by a factor of 2
+const output = await sharp(input)
  .modulate({
-    brightness: 2 // increase brightness by a factor of 2
-  });
+    brightness: 2
+  })
+  .toBuffer();
+```

-sharp(input)
+```javascript
+// hue-rotate by 180 degrees
+const output = await sharp(input)
  .modulate({
-    hue: 180 // hue-rotate by 180 degrees
-  });
+    hue: 180
+  })
+  .toBuffer();
+```

-sharp(input)
+```javascript
+// increase lightness by +50
+const output = await sharp(input)
  .modulate({
-    lightness: 50 // increase lightness by +50
-  });
+    lightness: 50
+  })
+  .toBuffer();
+```

+```javascript
 // decreate brightness and saturation while also hue-rotating by 90 degrees
-sharp(input)
+const output = await sharp(input)
  .modulate({
    brightness: 0.5,
    saturation: 0.5,
-    hue: 90
-  });
+    hue: 90,
+  })
+  .toBuffer();
 ```

 Returns **Sharp** 
@@ -474,8 +572,10 @@ Returns **Sharp**

 [7]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array

-[8]: /api-channel#removealpha
+[8]: https://www.libvips.org/API/current/libvips-convolution.html#vips-sharpen

-[9]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_histogram_equalization#Contrast_Limited_AHE
+[9]: /api-channel#removealpha

-[10]: https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html
+[10]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_histogram_equalization#Contrast_Limited_AHE
+
+[11]: https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html
--- a/docs/api-output.md
+++ b/docs/api-output.md
@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ Returns **[Promise][5]<[Object][6]>** when no callback is provided
 Write output to a Buffer.
 JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, TIFF, GIF and raw pixel data output are supported.

+Use [toFormat][7] or one of the format-specific functions such as [jpeg][8], [png][9] etc. to set the output format.
+
 If no explicit format is set, the output format will match the input image, except SVG input which becomes PNG output.

 By default all metadata will be removed, which includes EXIF-based orientation.
@@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ A `Promise` is returned when `callback` is not provided.

 *   `options` **[Object][6]?** 

-    *   `options.resolveWithObject` **[boolean][7]?** Resolve the Promise with an Object containing `data` and `info` properties instead of resolving only with `data`.
+    *   `options.resolveWithObject` **[boolean][10]?** Resolve the Promise with an Object containing `data` and `info` properties instead of resolving only with `data`.
 *   `callback` **[Function][3]?** 

 ### Examples
@@ -85,6 +87,7 @@ sharp(input)

 ```javascript
 sharp(input)
+  .png()
  .toBuffer({ resolveWithObject: true })
  .then(({ data, info }) => { ... })
  .catch(err => { ... });
@@ -107,7 +110,7 @@ await sharp(pixelArray, { raw: { width, height, channels } })
  .toFile('my-changed-image.jpg');
 ```

-Returns **[Promise][5]<[Buffer][8]>** when no callback is provided
+Returns **[Promise][5]<[Buffer][11]>** when no callback is provided

 ## withMetadata

@@ -118,14 +121,16 @@ output profile is provided.
 The default behaviour, when `withMetadata` is not used, is to convert to the device-independent
 sRGB colour space and strip all metadata, including the removal of any ICC profile.

+EXIF metadata is unsupported for TIFF output.
+
 ### Parameters

 *   `options` **[Object][6]?** 

-    *   `options.orientation` **[number][9]?** value between 1 and 8, used to update the EXIF `Orientation` tag.
+    *   `options.orientation` **[number][12]?** value between 1 and 8, used to update the EXIF `Orientation` tag.
    *   `options.icc` **[string][2]?** filesystem path to output ICC profile, defaults to sRGB.
    *   `options.exif` **[Object][6]<[Object][6]>** Object keyed by IFD0, IFD1 etc. of key/value string pairs to write as EXIF data. (optional, default `{}`)
-    *   `options.density` **[number][9]?** Number of pixels per inch (DPI).
+    *   `options.density` **[number][12]?** Number of pixels per inch (DPI).

 ### Examples

@@ -190,19 +195,19 @@ Use these JPEG options for output image.

 *   `options` **[Object][6]?** output options

-    *   `options.quality` **[number][9]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `80`)
-    *   `options.progressive` **[boolean][7]** use progressive (interlace) scan (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.quality` **[number][12]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `80`)
+    *   `options.progressive` **[boolean][10]** use progressive (interlace) scan (optional, default `false`)
    *   `options.chromaSubsampling` **[string][2]** set to '4:4:4' to prevent chroma subsampling otherwise defaults to '4:2:0' chroma subsampling (optional, default `'4:2:0'`)
-    *   `options.optimiseCoding` **[boolean][7]** optimise Huffman coding tables (optional, default `true`)
-    *   `options.optimizeCoding` **[boolean][7]** alternative spelling of optimiseCoding (optional, default `true`)
-    *   `options.mozjpeg` **[boolean][7]** use mozjpeg defaults, equivalent to `{ trellisQuantisation: true, overshootDeringing: true, optimiseScans: true, quantisationTable: 3 }` (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.trellisQuantisation` **[boolean][7]** apply trellis quantisation (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.overshootDeringing` **[boolean][7]** apply overshoot deringing (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.optimiseScans` **[boolean][7]** optimise progressive scans, forces progressive (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.optimizeScans` **[boolean][7]** alternative spelling of optimiseScans (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.quantisationTable` **[number][9]** quantization table to use, integer 0-8 (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.quantizationTable` **[number][9]** alternative spelling of quantisationTable (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.force` **[boolean][7]** force JPEG output, otherwise attempt to use input format (optional, default `true`)
+    *   `options.optimiseCoding` **[boolean][10]** optimise Huffman coding tables (optional, default `true`)
+    *   `options.optimizeCoding` **[boolean][10]** alternative spelling of optimiseCoding (optional, default `true`)
+    *   `options.mozjpeg` **[boolean][10]** use mozjpeg defaults, equivalent to `{ trellisQuantisation: true, overshootDeringing: true, optimiseScans: true, quantisationTable: 3 }` (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.trellisQuantisation` **[boolean][10]** apply trellis quantisation (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.overshootDeringing` **[boolean][10]** apply overshoot deringing (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.optimiseScans` **[boolean][10]** optimise progressive scans, forces progressive (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.optimizeScans` **[boolean][10]** alternative spelling of optimiseScans (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.quantisationTable` **[number][12]** quantization table to use, integer 0-8 (optional, default `0`)
+    *   `options.quantizationTable` **[number][12]** alternative spelling of quantisationTable (optional, default `0`)
+    *   `options.force` **[boolean][10]** force JPEG output, otherwise attempt to use input format (optional, default `true`)

 ### Examples

@@ -239,16 +244,16 @@ Set `palette` to `true` for slower, indexed PNG output.

 *   `options` **[Object][6]?** 

-    *   `options.progressive` **[boolean][7]** use progressive (interlace) scan (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.compressionLevel` **[number][9]** zlib compression level, 0 (fastest, largest) to 9 (slowest, smallest) (optional, default `6`)
-    *   `options.adaptiveFiltering` **[boolean][7]** use adaptive row filtering (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.palette` **[boolean][7]** quantise to a palette-based image with alpha transparency support (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.quality` **[number][9]** use the lowest number of colours needed to achieve given quality, sets `palette` to `true` (optional, default `100`)
-    *   `options.effort` **[number][9]** CPU effort, between 1 (fastest) and 10 (slowest), sets `palette` to `true` (optional, default `7`)
-    *   `options.colours` **[number][9]** maximum number of palette entries, sets `palette` to `true` (optional, default `256`)
-    *   `options.colors` **[number][9]** alternative spelling of `options.colours`, sets `palette` to `true` (optional, default `256`)
-    *   `options.dither` **[number][9]** level of Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion, sets `palette` to `true` (optional, default `1.0`)
-    *   `options.force` **[boolean][7]** force PNG output, otherwise attempt to use input format (optional, default `true`)
+    *   `options.progressive` **[boolean][10]** use progressive (interlace) scan (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.compressionLevel` **[number][12]** zlib compression level, 0 (fastest, largest) to 9 (slowest, smallest) (optional, default `6`)
+    *   `options.adaptiveFiltering` **[boolean][10]** use adaptive row filtering (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.palette` **[boolean][10]** quantise to a palette-based image with alpha transparency support (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.quality` **[number][12]** use the lowest number of colours needed to achieve given quality, sets `palette` to `true` (optional, default `100`)
+    *   `options.effort` **[number][12]** CPU effort, between 1 (fastest) and 10 (slowest), sets `palette` to `true` (optional, default `7`)
+    *   `options.colours` **[number][12]** maximum number of palette entries, sets `palette` to `true` (optional, default `256`)
+    *   `options.colors` **[number][12]** alternative spelling of `options.colours`, sets `palette` to `true` (optional, default `256`)
+    *   `options.dither` **[number][12]** level of Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion, sets `palette` to `true` (optional, default `1.0`)
+    *   `options.force` **[boolean][10]** force PNG output, otherwise attempt to use input format (optional, default `true`)

 ### Examples

@@ -278,15 +283,15 @@ Use these WebP options for output image.

 *   `options` **[Object][6]?** output options

-    *   `options.quality` **[number][9]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `80`)
-    *   `options.alphaQuality` **[number][9]** quality of alpha layer, integer 0-100 (optional, default `100`)
-    *   `options.lossless` **[boolean][7]** use lossless compression mode (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.nearLossless` **[boolean][7]** use near_lossless compression mode (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.smartSubsample` **[boolean][7]** use high quality chroma subsampling (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.effort` **[number][9]** CPU effort, between 0 (fastest) and 6 (slowest) (optional, default `4`)
-    *   `options.loop` **[number][9]** number of animation iterations, use 0 for infinite animation (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.delay` **([number][9] | [Array][10]<[number][9]>)?** delay(s) between animation frames (in milliseconds)
-    *   `options.force` **[boolean][7]** force WebP output, otherwise attempt to use input format (optional, default `true`)
+    *   `options.quality` **[number][12]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `80`)
+    *   `options.alphaQuality` **[number][12]** quality of alpha layer, integer 0-100 (optional, default `100`)
+    *   `options.lossless` **[boolean][10]** use lossless compression mode (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.nearLossless` **[boolean][10]** use near_lossless compression mode (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.smartSubsample` **[boolean][10]** use high quality chroma subsampling (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.effort` **[number][12]** CPU effort, between 0 (fastest) and 6 (slowest) (optional, default `4`)
+    *   `options.loop` **[number][12]** number of animation iterations, use 0 for infinite animation (optional, default `0`)
+    *   `options.delay` **([number][12] | [Array][13]<[number][12]>)?** delay(s) between animation frames (in milliseconds)
+    *   `options.force` **[boolean][10]** force WebP output, otherwise attempt to use input format (optional, default `true`)

 ### Examples

@@ -318,13 +323,13 @@ The first entry in the palette is reserved for transparency.

 *   `options` **[Object][6]?** output options

-    *   `options.colours` **[number][9]** maximum number of palette entries, including transparency, between 2 and 256 (optional, default `256`)
-    *   `options.colors` **[number][9]** alternative spelling of `options.colours` (optional, default `256`)
-    *   `options.effort` **[number][9]** CPU effort, between 1 (fastest) and 10 (slowest) (optional, default `7`)
-    *   `options.dither` **[number][9]** level of Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion, between 0 (least) and 1 (most) (optional, default `1.0`)
-    *   `options.loop` **[number][9]** number of animation iterations, use 0 for infinite animation (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.delay` **([number][9] | [Array][10]<[number][9]>)?** delay(s) between animation frames (in milliseconds)
-    *   `options.force` **[boolean][7]** force GIF output, otherwise attempt to use input format (optional, default `true`)
+    *   `options.colours` **[number][12]** maximum number of palette entries, including transparency, between 2 and 256 (optional, default `256`)
+    *   `options.colors` **[number][12]** alternative spelling of `options.colours` (optional, default `256`)
+    *   `options.effort` **[number][12]** CPU effort, between 1 (fastest) and 10 (slowest) (optional, default `7`)
+    *   `options.dither` **[number][12]** level of Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion, between 0 (least) and 1 (most) (optional, default `1.0`)
+    *   `options.loop` **[number][12]** number of animation iterations, use 0 for infinite animation (optional, default `0`)
+    *   `options.delay` **([number][12] | [Array][13]<[number][12]>)?** delay(s) between animation frames (in milliseconds)
+    *   `options.force` **[boolean][10]** force GIF output, otherwise attempt to use input format (optional, default `true`)

 ### Examples

@@ -332,7 +337,7 @@ The first entry in the palette is reserved for transparency.
 // Convert PNG to GIF
 await sharp(pngBuffer)
  .gif()
-  .toBuffer());
+  .toBuffer();
 ```

 ```javascript
@@ -363,16 +368,16 @@ Use these JP2 options for output image.

 Requires libvips compiled with support for OpenJPEG.
 The prebuilt binaries do not include this - see
-[installing a custom libvips][11].
+[installing a custom libvips][14].

 ### Parameters

 *   `options` **[Object][6]?** output options

-    *   `options.quality` **[number][9]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `80`)
-    *   `options.lossless` **[boolean][7]** use lossless compression mode (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.tileWidth` **[number][9]** horizontal tile size (optional, default `512`)
-    *   `options.tileHeight` **[number][9]** vertical tile size (optional, default `512`)
+    *   `options.quality` **[number][12]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `80`)
+    *   `options.lossless` **[boolean][10]** use lossless compression mode (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.tileWidth` **[number][12]** horizontal tile size (optional, default `512`)
+    *   `options.tileHeight` **[number][12]** vertical tile size (optional, default `512`)
    *   `options.chromaSubsampling` **[string][2]** set to '4:2:0' to use chroma subsampling (optional, default `'4:4:4'`)

 ### Examples
@@ -412,18 +417,18 @@ The `density` can be set in pixels/inch via [withMetadata][1] instead of providi

 *   `options` **[Object][6]?** output options

-    *   `options.quality` **[number][9]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `80`)
-    *   `options.force` **[boolean][7]** force TIFF output, otherwise attempt to use input format (optional, default `true`)
+    *   `options.quality` **[number][12]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `80`)
+    *   `options.force` **[boolean][10]** force TIFF output, otherwise attempt to use input format (optional, default `true`)
    *   `options.compression` **[string][2]** compression options: lzw, deflate, jpeg, ccittfax4 (optional, default `'jpeg'`)
    *   `options.predictor` **[string][2]** compression predictor options: none, horizontal, float (optional, default `'horizontal'`)
-    *   `options.pyramid` **[boolean][7]** write an image pyramid (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.tile` **[boolean][7]** write a tiled tiff (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.tileWidth` **[number][9]** horizontal tile size (optional, default `256`)
-    *   `options.tileHeight` **[number][9]** vertical tile size (optional, default `256`)
-    *   `options.xres` **[number][9]** horizontal resolution in pixels/mm (optional, default `1.0`)
-    *   `options.yres` **[number][9]** vertical resolution in pixels/mm (optional, default `1.0`)
+    *   `options.pyramid` **[boolean][10]** write an image pyramid (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.tile` **[boolean][10]** write a tiled tiff (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.tileWidth` **[number][12]** horizontal tile size (optional, default `256`)
+    *   `options.tileHeight` **[number][12]** vertical tile size (optional, default `256`)
+    *   `options.xres` **[number][12]** horizontal resolution in pixels/mm (optional, default `1.0`)
+    *   `options.yres` **[number][12]** vertical resolution in pixels/mm (optional, default `1.0`)
    *   `options.resolutionUnit` **[string][2]** resolution unit options: inch, cm (optional, default `'inch'`)
-    *   `options.bitdepth` **[number][9]** reduce bitdepth to 1, 2 or 4 bit (optional, default `8`)
+    *   `options.bitdepth` **[number][12]** reduce bitdepth to 1, 2 or 4 bit (optional, default `8`)

 ### Examples

@@ -455,9 +460,9 @@ AVIF image sequences are not supported.

 *   `options` **[Object][6]?** output options

-    *   `options.quality` **[number][9]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `50`)
-    *   `options.lossless` **[boolean][7]** use lossless compression (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.effort` **[number][9]** CPU effort, between 0 (fastest) and 9 (slowest) (optional, default `4`)
+    *   `options.quality` **[number][12]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `50`)
+    *   `options.lossless` **[boolean][10]** use lossless compression (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.effort` **[number][12]** CPU effort, between 0 (fastest) and 9 (slowest) (optional, default `4`)
    *   `options.chromaSubsampling` **[string][2]** set to '4:2:0' to use chroma subsampling (optional, default `'4:4:4'`)

 <!---->
@@ -481,10 +486,10 @@ globally-installed libvips compiled with support for libheif, libde265 and x265.

 *   `options` **[Object][6]?** output options

-    *   `options.quality` **[number][9]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `50`)
+    *   `options.quality` **[number][12]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `50`)
    *   `options.compression` **[string][2]** compression format: av1, hevc (optional, default `'av1'`)
-    *   `options.lossless` **[boolean][7]** use lossless compression (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.effort` **[number][9]** CPU effort, between 0 (fastest) and 9 (slowest) (optional, default `4`)
+    *   `options.lossless` **[boolean][10]** use lossless compression (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.effort` **[number][12]** CPU effort, between 0 (fastest) and 9 (slowest) (optional, default `4`)
    *   `options.chromaSubsampling` **[string][2]** set to '4:2:0' to use chroma subsampling (optional, default `'4:4:4'`)

 <!---->
@@ -540,16 +545,16 @@ Use a `.zip` or `.szi` file extension with `toFile` to write to a compressed arc

 *   `options` **[Object][6]?** 

-    *   `options.size` **[number][9]** tile size in pixels, a value between 1 and 8192. (optional, default `256`)
-    *   `options.overlap` **[number][9]** tile overlap in pixels, a value between 0 and 8192. (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.angle` **[number][9]** tile angle of rotation, must be a multiple of 90. (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.background` **([string][2] | [Object][6])** background colour, parsed by the [color][12] module, defaults to white without transparency. (optional, default `{r:255,g:255,b:255,alpha:1}`)
+    *   `options.size` **[number][12]** tile size in pixels, a value between 1 and 8192. (optional, default `256`)
+    *   `options.overlap` **[number][12]** tile overlap in pixels, a value between 0 and 8192. (optional, default `0`)
+    *   `options.angle` **[number][12]** tile angle of rotation, must be a multiple of 90. (optional, default `0`)
+    *   `options.background` **([string][2] | [Object][6])** background colour, parsed by the [color][15] module, defaults to white without transparency. (optional, default `{r:255,g:255,b:255,alpha:1}`)
    *   `options.depth` **[string][2]?** how deep to make the pyramid, possible values are `onepixel`, `onetile` or `one`, default based on layout.
-    *   `options.skipBlanks` **[number][9]** threshold to skip tile generation, a value 0 - 255 for 8-bit images or 0 - 65535 for 16-bit images (optional, default `-1`)
+    *   `options.skipBlanks` **[number][12]** threshold to skip tile generation, a value 0 - 255 for 8-bit images or 0 - 65535 for 16-bit images (optional, default `-1`)
    *   `options.container` **[string][2]** tile container, with value `fs` (filesystem) or `zip` (compressed file). (optional, default `'fs'`)
    *   `options.layout` **[string][2]** filesystem layout, possible values are `dz`, `iiif`, `iiif3`, `zoomify` or `google`. (optional, default `'dz'`)
-    *   `options.centre` **[boolean][7]** centre image in tile. (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.center` **[boolean][7]** alternative spelling of centre. (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.centre` **[boolean][10]** centre image in tile. (optional, default `false`)
+    *   `options.center` **[boolean][10]** alternative spelling of centre. (optional, default `false`)
    *   `options.id` **[string][2]** when `layout` is `iiif`/`iiif3`, sets the `@id`/`id` attribute of `info.json` (optional, default `'https://example.com/iiif'`)

 ### Examples
@@ -582,7 +587,7 @@ Time spent waiting for a libuv thread to become available is not included.

 *   `options` **[Object][6]** 

-    *   `options.seconds` **[number][9]** Number of seconds after which processing will be stopped
+    *   `options.seconds` **[number][12]** Number of seconds after which processing will be stopped

 Returns **Sharp** 

@@ -602,14 +607,20 @@ Returns **Sharp**

 [6]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object

-[7]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean
+[7]: #toformat

-[8]: https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html
+[8]: #jpeg

-[9]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number
+[9]: #png

-[10]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array
+[10]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean

-[11]: https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install#custom-libvips
+[11]: https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html

-[12]: https://www.npmjs.org/package/color
+[12]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number
+
+[13]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array
+
+[14]: https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install#custom-libvips
+
+[15]: https://www.npmjs.org/package/color
--- a/docs/api-utility.md
+++ b/docs/api-utility.md
@@ -95,7 +95,11 @@ Returns **[Object][1]**
 ## concurrency

 Gets or, when a concurrency is provided, sets
-the number of threads *libvips'* should create to process each image.
+the maximum number of threads *libvips* should use to process *each image*.
+These are from a thread pool managed by glib,
+which helps avoid the overhead of creating new threads.
+
+This method always returns the current concurrency.

 The default value is the number of CPU cores,
 except when using glibc-based Linux without jemalloc,
@@ -103,10 +107,19 @@ where the default is `1` to help reduce memory fragmentation.

 A value of `0` will reset this to the number of CPU cores.

-The maximum number of images that can be processed in parallel
-is limited by libuv's `UV_THREADPOOL_SIZE` environment variable.
+Some image format libraries spawn additional threads,
+e.g. libaom manages its own 4 threads when encoding AVIF images,
+and these are independent of the value set here.

-This method always returns the current concurrency.
+The maximum number of images that sharp can process in parallel
+is controlled by libuv's `UV_THREADPOOL_SIZE` environment variable,
+which defaults to 4.
+
+[https://nodejs.org/api/cli.html#uv_threadpool_sizesize][12]
+
+For example, by default, a machine with 8 CPU cores will process
+4 images in parallel and use up to 8 threads per image,
+so there will be up to 32 concurrent threads.

 ### Parameters

@@ -199,3 +212,5 @@ Returns **[boolean][10]**
 [10]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean

 [11]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number
+
+[12]: https://nodejs.org/api/cli.html#uv_threadpool_sizesize
--- a/docs/changelog.md
+++ b/docs/changelog.md
@@ -4,6 +4,75 @@

 Requires libvips v8.12.2

+### v0.30.6 - 30th May 2022
+
+* Allow values for `limitInputPixels` larger than 32-bit.
+  [#3238](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3238)
+
+* Ensure brew-installed `vips` can be detected (regression in 0.30.5).
+  [#3239](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3239)
+
+### v0.30.5 - 23rd May 2022
+
+* Install: pass `PKG_CONFIG_PATH` via env rather than substitution.
+  [@dwisiswant0](https://github.com/dwisiswant0)
+
+* Add support for `--libc` flag to improve cross-platform installation.
+  [#3160](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3160)
+  [@joonamo](https://github.com/joonamo)
+
+* Allow installation of prebuilt libvips binaries from filesystem.
+  [#3196](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3196)
+  [@ankurparihar](https://github.com/ankurparihar)
+
+* Fix rotate-then-extract for EXIF orientation 2.
+  [#3218](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3218)
+  [@jakob0fischl](https://github.com/jakob0fischl)
+
+### v0.30.4 - 18th April 2022
+
+* Increase control over sensitivity to invalid images via `failOn`, deprecate `failOnError` (equivalent to `failOn: 'warning'`).
+
+* Ensure `create` input image has correct bit depth and colour space.
+  [#3139](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3139)
+
+* Add support for `TypedArray` input with `byteOffset` and `length`.
+  [#3146](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3146)
+  [@codepage949](https://github.com/codepage949)
+
+* Improve error message when attempting to render SVG input greater than 32767x32767.
+  [#3167](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3167)
+
+* Add missing file name to 'Input file is missing' error message.
+  [#3178](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3178)
+  [@Brodan](https://github.com/Brodan)
+
+### v0.30.3 - 14th March 2022
+
+* Allow `sharpen` options to be provided more consistently as an Object.
+  [#2561](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/2561)
+
+* Expose `x1`, `y2` and `y3` parameters of `sharpen` operation.
+  [#2935](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/2935)
+
+* Prevent double unpremultiply with some composite blend modes (regression in 0.30.2).
+  [#3118](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3118)
+
+### v0.30.2 - 2nd March 2022
+
+* Improve performance and accuracy when compositing multiple images.
+  [#2286](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/2286)
+
+* Expand pkgconfig search path for wider BSD support.
+  [#3106](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3106)
+
+* Ensure Windows C++ runtime is linked statically (regression in 0.30.0).
+  [#3110](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3110)
+  [@kleisauke](https://github.com/kleisauke)
+
+* Temporarily ignore greyscale ICC profiles to workaround lcms bug.
+  [#3112](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3112)
+
 ### v0.30.1 - 9th February 2022

 * Allow use of `toBuffer` and `toFile` on the same instance.
--- a/docs/humans.txt
+++ b/docs/humans.txt
@@ -236,3 +236,15 @@ GitHub: https://github.com/gforge

 Name: Chris Banks
 GitHub: https://github.com/christopherbradleybanks
+
+Name: codepage949
+GitHub: https://github.com/codepage949
+
+Name: Chris Hranj
+GitHub: https://github.com/Brodan
+
+Name: Ankur Parihar
+GitHub: https://github.com/ankurparihar
+
+Name: Joona Heinikoski
+GitHub: https://github.com/joonamo
--- a/docs/image/sharp-logo.png
+++ b/docs/image/sharp-logo.png
--- a/docs/index.html
+++ b/docs/index.html
@@ -6,19 +6,13 @@
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
  <meta name="description" content="Resize large images in common formats to smaller, web-friendly JPEG, PNG, WebP, GIF and AVIF images of varying dimensions">
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy" content="default-src 'self'; object-src 'none'; style-src 'unsafe-inline';
-    img-src 'unsafe-inline' data: https://pixel.plumbing/px/ https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/lovell/ https://www.google-analytics.com;
+    img-src 'unsafe-inline' data: https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/lovell/ https://www.google-analytics.com;
    connect-src 'self' https://www.google-analytics.com;
    script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'
      https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js;">
-  <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://pixel.plumbing/px/32x32/sharp-logo.svg">
-  <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="152x152" href="https://pixel.plumbing/px/152x152/sharp-logo.svg">
-  <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="https://pixel.plumbing/px/144x144/sharp-logo.svg">
-  <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="120x120" href="https://pixel.plumbing/px/120x120/sharp-logo.svg">
-  <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="https://pixel.plumbing/px/114x114/sharp-logo.svg">
-  <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="https://pixel.plumbing/px/72x72/sharp-logo.svg">
-  <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="https://pixel.plumbing/px/57x57/sharp-logo.svg">
+  <link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/lovell/sharp@main/docs/image/sharp-logo.svg">
+  <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/lovell/sharp@main/docs/image/sharp-logo.png">
  <link rel="author" href="/humans.txt" type="text/plain">
-  <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://pixel.plumbing">
  <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.google-analytics.com">
  <script type="application/ld+json">
  {
@@ -124,7 +118,7 @@
      router: { mode: 'history' },
      logo: '<div style="display:flex;align-items:center">'
        + '<strong>sharp</strong> '
-        + '<img src="https://pixel.plumbing/px/16x16/sharp-logo.svg" style="padding:8px" alt="#"> '
+        + '<img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/lovell/sharp@main/docs/image/sharp-logo.svg" style="padding:8px" width="32" height="32" alt="#"> '
        + '<span style="opacity:0.8;white-space:pre" class="shorten-strapline">High performance </span> '
        + '<span style="opacity:0.8">Node.js image processing</span> '
        + '</div>',
--- a/docs/install.md
+++ b/docs/install.md
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ When using npm v7 or later, the user running `npm install` must own the director

 The `npm install --ignore-scripts=false` flag must be used when `npm` has been configured to ignore installation scripts.

-Check the output of running `npm install --verbose sharp` for useful error messages.
+Check the output of running `npm install --verbose --foreground-scripts sharp` for useful error messages.

 ## Apple M1

@@ -74,20 +74,28 @@ The target platform and/or architecture can be manually selected using the follo
 npm install --platform=... --arch=... --arm-version=... sharp
 ```

-* `--platform`: one of `linux`, `linuxmusl`, `darwin` or `win32`.
+* `--platform`: one of `linux`, `darwin` or `win32`.
 * `--arch`: one of `x64`, `ia32`, `arm` or `arm64`.
 * `--arm-version`: one of `6`, `7` or `8` (`arm` defaults to `6`, `arm64` defaults to `8`).
+* `--libc`: one of `glibc` or `musl`. This option only works with platform `linux`, defaults to `glibc`
 * `--sharp-install-force`: skip version compatibility and Subresource Integrity checks.

 These values can also be set via environment variables,
-`npm_config_platform`, `npm_config_arch`, `npm_config_arm_version`
+`npm_config_platform`, `npm_config_arch`, `npm_config_arm_version`, `npm_config_libc`
 and `SHARP_INSTALL_FORCE` respectively.

 For example, if the target machine has a 64-bit ARM CPU and is running Alpine Linux,
 use the following flags:

 ```sh
-npm install --arch=arm64 --platform=linuxmusl sharp
+npm install --arch=arm64 --platform=linux --libc=musl sharp
+```
+
+If the current machine is Alpine Linux and the target machine is Debian Linux on x64 cpu,
+use the following flags:
+
+```sh
+npm install --arch=x64 --platform=linux --libc=glibc sharp
 ```

 ## Custom libvips
@@ -96,8 +104,8 @@ To use a custom, globally-installed version of libvips instead of the provided b
 make sure it is at least the version listed under `config.libvips` in the `package.json` file
 and that it can be located using `pkg-config --modversion vips-cpp`.

-For help compiling libvips from source, please see
-[https://libvips.github.io/libvips/install.html#building-libvips-from-a-source-tarball](https://libvips.github.io/libvips/install.html#building-libvips-from-a-source-tarball).
+For help compiling libvips and its dependencies, please see
+[building libvips from source](https://www.libvips.org/install.html#building-libvips-from-source).

 The use of a globally-installed libvips is unsupported on Windows.

@@ -118,6 +126,8 @@ Building from source requires:

 This is an advanced approach that most people will not require.

+### Prebuilt sharp binaries
+
 To install the prebuilt sharp binaries from a custom URL,
 set the `sharp_binary_host` npm config option
 or the `npm_config_sharp_binary_host` environment variable.
@@ -126,10 +136,16 @@ To install the prebuilt sharp binaries from a directory on the local filesystem,
 set the `sharp_local_prebuilds` npm config option
 or the `npm_config_sharp_local_prebuilds` environment variable.

+### Prebuilt libvips binaries
+
 To install the prebuilt libvips binaries from a custom URL,
 set the `sharp_libvips_binary_host` npm config option
 or the `npm_config_sharp_libvips_binary_host` environment variable.

+To install the prebuilt libvips binaries from a directory on the local filesystem,
+set the `sharp_libvips_local_prebuilds` npm config option
+or the `npm_config_sharp_libvips_local_prebuilds` environment variable.
+
 The version subpath and file name are appended to these.
 For example, if `sharp_libvips_binary_host` is set to `https://hostname/path`
 and the libvips version is `1.2.3` then the resultant URL will be
@@ -207,15 +223,18 @@ run the following additional command after `npm install`:

 ```sh
 npm install
-SHARP_IGNORE_GLOBAL_LIBVIPS=1 npm install --arch=x64 --platform=linux sharp
+rm -rf node_modules/sharp
+SHARP_IGNORE_GLOBAL_LIBVIPS=1 npm install --arch=x64 --platform=linux --libc=glibc sharp
 ```

 To get the best performance select the largest memory available.
 A 1536 MB function provides ~12x more CPU time than a 128 MB function.

-## Webpack
+## Bundlers

-Ensure sharp is added to the
+### webpack
+
+Ensure sharp is excluded from bundling via the
 [externals](https://webpack.js.org/configuration/externals/)
 configuration.

@@ -225,13 +244,38 @@ externals: {
 }
 ```

+### esbuild
+
+Ensure sharp is excluded from bundling via the
+[external](https://esbuild.github.io/api/#external)
+configuration.
+
+```js
+buildSync({
+  entryPoints: ['app.js'],
+  bundle: true,
+  platform: 'node',
+  external: ['sharp'],
+})
+```
+
+```sh
+esbuild app.js --bundle --platform=node --external:sharp
+```
+
 ## Worker threads

-The main thread must call `require('sharp')`
-before worker threads are created
-to ensure shared libraries remain loaded in memory
+On some platforms, including glibc-based Linux,
+the main thread must call `require('sharp')`
+_before_ worker threads are created.
+This is to ensure shared libraries remain loaded in memory
 until after all threads are complete.

+Without this, the following error may occur:
+```
+Module did not self-register
+```
+
 ## Known conflicts

 ### Canvas and Windows
--- a/docs/search-index.json
+++ b/docs/search-index.json
--- a/docs/search-index/extract.js
+++ b/docs/search-index/extract.js
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ const extractDescription = (str) =>
    .replace(/\s+/g, ' ')
    .replace(/[^A-Za-z0-9_/\-,. ]/g, '')
    .replace(/\s+/g, ' ')
-    .substr(0, 180)
+    .substring(0, 200)
    .trim();

 const extractParameters = (str) =>
--- a/docs/search-index/stop-words.js
+++ b/docs/search-index/stop-words.js
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ module.exports = [
  'can',
  'containing',
  'contains',
+  'created',
  'current',
  'date',
  'default',
@@ -43,6 +44,8 @@ module.exports = [
  'how',
  'image',
  'implies',
+  'include',
+  'including',
  'involve',
  'its',
  'last',
@@ -69,6 +72,7 @@ module.exports = [
  'provided',
  'ready',
  'requires',
+  'requiresharp',
  'returned',
  'same',
  'see',
@@ -77,6 +81,7 @@ module.exports = [
  'should',
  'since',
  'site',
+  'some',
  'specified',
  'spelling',
  'such',
--- a/install/libvips.js
+++ b/install/libvips.js
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ const hasSharpPrebuild = [
 ];

 const { minimumLibvipsVersion, minimumLibvipsVersionLabelled } = libvips;
+const localLibvipsDir = process.env.npm_config_sharp_libvips_local_prebuilds || '';
 const distHost = process.env.npm_config_sharp_libvips_binary_host || 'https://github.com/lovell/sharp-libvips/releases/download';
 const distBaseUrl = process.env.npm_config_sharp_dist_base_url || process.env.SHARP_DIST_BASE_URL || `${distHost}/v${minimumLibvipsVersionLabelled}/`;
 const installationForced = !!(process.env.npm_config_sharp_install_force || process.env.SHARP_INSTALL_FORCE);
@@ -42,7 +43,9 @@ const installationForced = !!(process.env.npm_config_sharp_install_force || proc
 const fail = function (err) {
  libvips.log(err);
  if (err.code === 'EACCES') {
-    libvips.log('Are you trying to install as a root or sudo user? Try again with the --unsafe-perm flag');
+    libvips.log('Are you trying to install as a root or sudo user?');
+    libvips.log('- For npm <= v6, try again with the "--unsafe-perm" flag');
+    libvips.log('- For npm >= v8, the user must own the directory "npm install" is run in');
  }
  libvips.log('Please see https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install for required dependencies');
  process.exit(1);
@@ -156,6 +159,11 @@ try {
    if (fs.existsSync(tarPathCache)) {
      libvips.log(`Using cached ${tarPathCache}`);
      extractTarball(tarPathCache, platformAndArch);
+    } else if (localLibvipsDir) {
+      // If localLibvipsDir is given try to use binaries from local directory
+      const tarPathLocal = path.join(path.resolve(localLibvipsDir), `v${minimumLibvipsVersionLabelled}`, tarFilename);
+      libvips.log(`Using local libvips from ${tarPathLocal}`);
+      extractTarball(tarPathLocal, platformAndArch);
    } else {
      const url = distBaseUrl + tarFilename;
      libvips.log(`Downloading ${url}`);
--- a/lib/colour.js
+++ b/lib/colour.js
@@ -19,6 +19,11 @@ const colourspace = {
 * Tint the image using the provided chroma while preserving the image luminance.
 * An alpha channel may be present and will be unchanged by the operation.
 *
+ * @example
+ * const output = await sharp(input)
+ *   .tint({ r: 255, g: 240, b: 16 })
+ *   .toBuffer();
+ *
 * @param {string|Object} rgb - parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module to extract chroma values.
 * @returns {Sharp}
 * @throws {Error} Invalid parameter
@@ -37,6 +42,10 @@ function tint (rgb) {
 * This may be overridden by other sharp operations such as `toColourspace('b-w')`,
 * which will produce an output image containing one color channel.
 * An alpha channel may be present, and will be unchanged by the operation.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const output = await sharp(input).greyscale().toBuffer();
+ *
 * @param {Boolean} [greyscale=true]
 * @returns {Sharp}
 */
--- a/lib/composite.js
+++ b/lib/composite.js
@@ -50,12 +50,27 @@ const blend = {
 * `hard-light`, `soft-light`, `difference`, `exclusion`.
 *
 * More information about blend modes can be found at
- * https://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/libvips-conversion.html#VipsBlendMode
+ * https://www.libvips.org/API/current/libvips-conversion.html#VipsBlendMode
 * and https://www.cairographics.org/operators/
 *
 * @since 0.22.0
 *
 * @example
+ * await sharp(background)
+ *   .composite([
+ *     { input: layer1, gravity: 'northwest' },
+ *     { input: layer2, gravity: 'southeast' },
+ *   ])
+ *   .toFile('combined.png');
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const output = await sharp('input.gif', { animated: true })
+ *   .composite([
+ *     { input: 'overlay.png', tile: true, blend: 'saturate' }
+ *   ])
+ *   .toBuffer();
+ *
+ * @example
 * sharp('input.png')
 *   .rotate(180)
 *   .resize(300)
@@ -89,7 +104,8 @@ const blend = {
 * @param {Number} [images[].raw.width]
 * @param {Number} [images[].raw.height]
 * @param {Number} [images[].raw.channels]
- * @param {boolean} [images[].failOnError=true] - @see {@link /api-constructor#parameters|constructor parameters}
+ * @param {boolean} [images[].animated=false] - Set to `true` to read all frames/pages of an animated image.
+ * @param {string} [images[].failOn='warning'] - @see {@link /api-constructor#parameters|constructor parameters}
 * @param {number|boolean} [images[].limitInputPixels=268402689] - @see {@link /api-constructor#parameters|constructor parameters}
 * @returns {Sharp}
 * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters
@@ -162,7 +178,6 @@ function composite (images) {
        throw is.invalidParameterError('premultiplied', 'boolean', image.premultiplied);
      }
    }
-
    return composite;
  });
  return this;
--- a/lib/constructor.js
+++ b/lib/constructor.js
@@ -98,8 +98,7 @@ const debuglog = util.debuglog('sharp');
 *  a String containing the filesystem path to an JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, GIF, SVG or TIFF image file.
 *  JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, GIF, SVG, TIFF or raw pixel image data can be streamed into the object when not present.
 * @param {Object} [options] - if present, is an Object with optional attributes.
- * @param {boolean} [options.failOnError=true] - by default halt processing and raise an error when loading invalid images.
- *  Set this flag to `false` if you'd rather apply a "best effort" to decode images, even if the data is corrupt or invalid.
+ * @param {string} [options.failOn='warning'] - level of sensitivity to invalid images, one of (in order of sensitivity): 'none' (least), 'truncated', 'error' or 'warning' (most), highers level imply lower levels.
 * @param {number|boolean} [options.limitInputPixels=268402689] - Do not process input images where the number of pixels
 *  (width x height) exceeds this limit. Assumes image dimensions contained in the input metadata can be trusted.
 *  An integral Number of pixels, zero or false to remove limit, true to use default limit of 268402689 (0x3FFF x 0x3FFF).
@@ -186,8 +185,11 @@ const Sharp = function (input, options) {
    medianSize: 0,
    blurSigma: 0,
    sharpenSigma: 0,
-    sharpenFlat: 1,
-    sharpenJagged: 2,
+    sharpenM1: 1,
+    sharpenM2: 2,
+    sharpenX1: 2,
+    sharpenY2: 10,
+    sharpenY3: 20,
    threshold: 0,
    thresholdGrayscale: true,
    trimThreshold: 0,
@@ -317,9 +319,7 @@ Object.setPrototypeOf(Sharp, stream.Duplex);
 * // Using Promises to know when the pipeline is complete
 * const fs = require("fs");
 * const got = require("got");
- * const sharpStream = sharp({
- *   failOnError: false
- * });
+ * const sharpStream = sharp({ failOn: 'none' });
 *
 * const promises = [];
 *
--- a/lib/input.js
+++ b/lib/input.js
@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ const sharp = require('./sharp');
 * @private
 */
 function _inputOptionsFromObject (obj) {
-  const { raw, density, limitInputPixels, unlimited, sequentialRead, failOnError, animated, page, pages, subifd } = obj;
-  return [raw, density, limitInputPixels, unlimited, sequentialRead, failOnError, animated, page, pages, subifd].some(is.defined)
-    ? { raw, density, limitInputPixels, unlimited, sequentialRead, failOnError, animated, page, pages, subifd }
+  const { raw, density, limitInputPixels, unlimited, sequentialRead, failOn, failOnError, animated, page, pages, subifd } = obj;
+  return [raw, density, limitInputPixels, unlimited, sequentialRead, failOn, failOnError, animated, page, pages, subifd].some(is.defined)
+    ? { raw, density, limitInputPixels, unlimited, sequentialRead, failOn, failOnError, animated, page, pages, subifd }
    : undefined;
 }

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ function _inputOptionsFromObject (obj) {
 */
 function _createInputDescriptor (input, inputOptions, containerOptions) {
  const inputDescriptor = {
-    failOnError: true,
+    failOn: 'warning',
    limitInputPixels: Math.pow(0x3FFF, 2),
    unlimited: false,
    sequentialRead: false
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ function _createInputDescriptor (input, inputOptions, containerOptions) {
    if (input.length === 0) {
      throw Error('Input Bit Array is empty');
    }
-    inputDescriptor.buffer = Buffer.from(input.buffer);
+    inputDescriptor.buffer = Buffer.from(input.buffer, input.byteOffset, input.byteLength);
  } else if (is.plainObject(input) && !is.defined(inputOptions)) {
    // Plain Object descriptor, e.g. create
    inputOptions = input;
@@ -56,14 +56,22 @@ function _createInputDescriptor (input, inputOptions, containerOptions) {
    }`);
  }
  if (is.object(inputOptions)) {
-    // Fail on error
+    // Deprecated: failOnError
    if (is.defined(inputOptions.failOnError)) {
      if (is.bool(inputOptions.failOnError)) {
-        inputDescriptor.failOnError = inputOptions.failOnError;
+        inputDescriptor.failOn = inputOptions.failOnError ? 'warning' : 'none';
      } else {
        throw is.invalidParameterError('failOnError', 'boolean', inputOptions.failOnError);
      }
    }
+    // failOn
+    if (is.defined(inputOptions.failOn)) {
+      if (is.string(inputOptions.failOn) && is.inArray(inputOptions.failOn, ['none', 'truncated', 'error', 'warning'])) {
+        inputDescriptor.failOn = inputOptions.failOn;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('failOn', 'one of: none, truncated, error, warning', inputOptions.failOn);
+      }
+    }
    // Density
    if (is.defined(inputOptions.density)) {
      if (is.inRange(inputOptions.density, 1, 100000)) {
@@ -78,10 +86,10 @@ function _createInputDescriptor (input, inputOptions, containerOptions) {
        inputDescriptor.limitInputPixels = inputOptions.limitInputPixels
          ? Math.pow(0x3FFF, 2)
          : 0;
-      } else if (is.integer(inputOptions.limitInputPixels) && inputOptions.limitInputPixels >= 0) {
+      } else if (is.integer(inputOptions.limitInputPixels) && is.inRange(inputOptions.limitInputPixels, 0, Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER)) {
        inputDescriptor.limitInputPixels = inputOptions.limitInputPixels;
      } else {
-        throw is.invalidParameterError('limitInputPixels', 'integer >= 0', inputOptions.limitInputPixels);
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('limitInputPixels', 'positive integer', inputOptions.limitInputPixels);
      }
    }
    // unlimited
@@ -299,11 +307,11 @@ function _isStreamInput () {
 *
 * - `format`: Name of decoder used to decompress image data e.g. `jpeg`, `png`, `webp`, `gif`, `svg`
 * - `size`: Total size of image in bytes, for Stream and Buffer input only
- * - `width`: Number of pixels wide (EXIF orientation is not taken into consideration)
- * - `height`: Number of pixels high (EXIF orientation is not taken into consideration)
- * - `space`: Name of colour space interpretation e.g. `srgb`, `rgb`, `cmyk`, `lab`, `b-w` [...](https://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/VipsImage.html#VipsInterpretation)
+ * - `width`: Number of pixels wide (EXIF orientation is not taken into consideration, see example below)
+ * - `height`: Number of pixels high (EXIF orientation is not taken into consideration, see example below)
+ * - `space`: Name of colour space interpretation e.g. `srgb`, `rgb`, `cmyk`, `lab`, `b-w` [...](https://www.libvips.org/API/current/VipsImage.html#VipsInterpretation)
 * - `channels`: Number of bands e.g. `3` for sRGB, `4` for CMYK
- * - `depth`: Name of pixel depth format e.g. `uchar`, `char`, `ushort`, `float` [...](https://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/VipsImage.html#VipsBandFormat)
+ * - `depth`: Name of pixel depth format e.g. `uchar`, `char`, `ushort`, `float` [...](https://www.libvips.org/API/current/VipsImage.html#VipsBandFormat)
 * - `density`: Number of pixels per inch (DPI), if present
 * - `chromaSubsampling`: String containing JPEG chroma subsampling, `4:2:0` or `4:4:4` for RGB, `4:2:0:4` or `4:4:4:4` for CMYK
 * - `isProgressive`: Boolean indicating whether the image is interlaced using a progressive scan
@@ -343,6 +351,17 @@ function _isStreamInput () {
 *     // data contains a WebP image half the width and height of the original JPEG
 *   });
 *
+ * @example
+ * // Based on EXIF rotation metadata, get the right-side-up width and height:
+ *
+ * const size = getNormalSize(await sharp(input).metadata());
+ *
+ * function getNormalSize({ width, height, orientation }) {
+ *   return orientation || 0 >= 5
+ *     ? { width: height, height: width }
+ *     : { width, height };
+ * }
+ *
 * @param {Function} [callback] - called with the arguments `(err, metadata)`
 * @returns {Promise<Object>|Sharp}
 */
@@ -401,9 +420,9 @@ function metadata (callback) {
 *     - `maxX` (x-coordinate of one of the pixel where the maximum lies)
 *     - `maxY` (y-coordinate of one of the pixel where the maximum lies)
 * - `isOpaque`: Is the image fully opaque? Will be `true` if the image has no alpha channel or if every pixel is fully opaque.
- * - `entropy`: Histogram-based estimation of greyscale entropy, discarding alpha channel if any (experimental)
- * - `sharpness`: Estimation of greyscale sharpness based on the standard deviation of a Laplacian convolution, discarding alpha channel if any (experimental)
- * - `dominant`: Object containing most dominant sRGB colour based on a 4096-bin 3D histogram (experimental)
+ * - `entropy`: Histogram-based estimation of greyscale entropy, discarding alpha channel if any.
+ * - `sharpness`: Estimation of greyscale sharpness based on the standard deviation of a Laplacian convolution, discarding alpha channel if any.
+ * - `dominant`: Object containing most dominant sRGB colour based on a 4096-bin 3D histogram.
 *
 * **Note**: Statistics are derived from the original input image. Any operations performed on the image must first be
 * written to a buffer in order to run `stats` on the result (see third example).
--- a/lib/libvips.js
+++ b/lib/libvips.js
@@ -65,7 +65,13 @@ const isRosetta = function () {

 const globalLibvipsVersion = function () {
  if (process.platform !== 'win32') {
-    const globalLibvipsVersion = spawnSync(`PKG_CONFIG_PATH="${pkgConfigPath()}" pkg-config --modversion vips-cpp`, spawnSyncOptions).stdout;
+    const globalLibvipsVersion = spawnSync('pkg-config --modversion vips-cpp', {
+      ...spawnSyncOptions,
+      env: {
+        ...env,
+        PKG_CONFIG_PATH: pkgConfigPath()
+      }
+    }).stdout;
    /* istanbul ignore next */
    return (globalLibvipsVersion || '').trim();
  } else {
@@ -85,10 +91,18 @@ const removeVendoredLibvips = function () {

 const pkgConfigPath = function () {
  if (process.platform !== 'win32') {
-    const brewPkgConfigPath = spawnSync('which brew >/dev/null 2>&1 && eval $(brew --env) && echo $PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR', spawnSyncOptions).stdout || '';
-    return [brewPkgConfigPath.trim(), env.PKG_CONFIG_PATH, '/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig', '/usr/lib/pkgconfig']
-      .filter(function (p) { return !!p; })
-      .join(':');
+    const brewPkgConfigPath = spawnSync(
+      'which brew >/dev/null 2>&1 && brew environment --plain | grep PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR | cut -d" " -f2',
+      spawnSyncOptions
+    ).stdout || '';
+    return [
+      brewPkgConfigPath.trim(),
+      env.PKG_CONFIG_PATH,
+      '/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig',
+      '/usr/lib/pkgconfig',
+      '/usr/local/libdata/pkgconfig',
+      '/usr/libdata/pkgconfig'
+    ].filter(Boolean).join(':');
  } else {
    return '';
  }
--- a/lib/operation.js
+++ b/lib/operation.js
@@ -63,6 +63,10 @@ function rotate (angle, options) {
 /**
 * Flip the image about the vertical Y axis. This always occurs after rotation, if any.
 * The use of `flip` implies the removal of the EXIF `Orientation` tag, if any.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const output = await sharp(input).flip().toBuffer();
+ *
 * @param {Boolean} [flip=true]
 * @returns {Sharp}
 */
@@ -74,6 +78,10 @@ function flip (flip) {
 /**
 * Flop the image about the horizontal X axis. This always occurs after rotation, if any.
 * The use of `flop` implies the removal of the EXIF `Orientation` tag, if any.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const output = await sharp(input).flop().toBuffer();
+ *
 * @param {Boolean} [flop=true]
 * @returns {Sharp}
 */
@@ -185,40 +193,107 @@ function affine (matrix, options) {
 * When a `sigma` is provided, performs a slower, more accurate sharpen of the L channel in the LAB colour space.
 * Separate control over the level of sharpening in "flat" and "jagged" areas is available.
 *
- * @param {number} [sigma] - the sigma of the Gaussian mask, where `sigma = 1 + radius / 2`.
- * @param {number} [flat=1.0] - the level of sharpening to apply to "flat" areas.
- * @param {number} [jagged=2.0] - the level of sharpening to apply to "jagged" areas.
+ * See {@link https://www.libvips.org/API/current/libvips-convolution.html#vips-sharpen|libvips sharpen} operation.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const data = await sharp(input).sharpen().toBuffer();
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const data = await sharp(input).sharpen({ sigma: 2 }).toBuffer();
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const data = await sharp(input)
+ *   .sharpen({
+ *     sigma: 2,
+ *     m1: 0
+ *     m2: 3,
+ *     x1: 3,
+ *     y2: 15,
+ *     y3: 15,
+ *   })
+ *   .toBuffer();
+ *
+ * @param {Object|number} [options] - if present, is an Object with attributes or (deprecated) a number for `options.sigma`.
+ * @param {number} [options.sigma] - the sigma of the Gaussian mask, where `sigma = 1 + radius / 2`.
+ * @param {number} [options.m1=1.0] - the level of sharpening to apply to "flat" areas.
+ * @param {number} [options.m2=2.0] - the level of sharpening to apply to "jagged" areas.
+ * @param {number} [options.x1=2.0] - threshold between "flat" and "jagged"
+ * @param {number} [options.y2=10.0] - maximum amount of brightening.
+ * @param {number} [options.y3=20.0] - maximum amount of darkening.
+ * @param {number} [flat] - (deprecated) see `options.m1`.
+ * @param {number} [jagged] - (deprecated) see `options.m2`.
 * @returns {Sharp}
 * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters
 */
-function sharpen (sigma, flat, jagged) {
-  if (!is.defined(sigma)) {
+function sharpen (options, flat, jagged) {
+  if (!is.defined(options)) {
    // No arguments: default to mild sharpen
    this.options.sharpenSigma = -1;
-  } else if (is.bool(sigma)) {
-    // Boolean argument: apply mild sharpen?
-    this.options.sharpenSigma = sigma ? -1 : 0;
-  } else if (is.number(sigma) && is.inRange(sigma, 0.01, 10000)) {
-    // Numeric argument: specific sigma
-    this.options.sharpenSigma = sigma;
-    // Control over flat areas
+  } else if (is.bool(options)) {
+    // Deprecated boolean argument: apply mild sharpen?
+    this.options.sharpenSigma = options ? -1 : 0;
+  } else if (is.number(options) && is.inRange(options, 0.01, 10000)) {
+    // Deprecated numeric argument: specific sigma
+    this.options.sharpenSigma = options;
+    // Deprecated control over flat areas
    if (is.defined(flat)) {
      if (is.number(flat) && is.inRange(flat, 0, 10000)) {
-        this.options.sharpenFlat = flat;
+        this.options.sharpenM1 = flat;
      } else {
        throw is.invalidParameterError('flat', 'number between 0 and 10000', flat);
      }
    }
-    // Control over jagged areas
+    // Deprecated control over jagged areas
    if (is.defined(jagged)) {
      if (is.number(jagged) && is.inRange(jagged, 0, 10000)) {
-        this.options.sharpenJagged = jagged;
+        this.options.sharpenM2 = jagged;
      } else {
        throw is.invalidParameterError('jagged', 'number between 0 and 10000', jagged);
      }
    }
+  } else if (is.plainObject(options)) {
+    if (is.number(options.sigma) && is.inRange(options.sigma, 0.01, 10000)) {
+      this.options.sharpenSigma = options.sigma;
+    } else {
+      throw is.invalidParameterError('options.sigma', 'number between 0.01 and 10000', options.sigma);
+    }
+    if (is.defined(options.m1)) {
+      if (is.number(options.m1) && is.inRange(options.m1, 0, 10000)) {
+        this.options.sharpenM1 = options.m1;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('options.m1', 'number between 0 and 10000', options.m1);
+      }
+    }
+    if (is.defined(options.m2)) {
+      if (is.number(options.m2) && is.inRange(options.m2, 0, 10000)) {
+        this.options.sharpenM2 = options.m2;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('options.m2', 'number between 0 and 10000', options.m2);
+      }
+    }
+    if (is.defined(options.x1)) {
+      if (is.number(options.x1) && is.inRange(options.x1, 0, 10000)) {
+        this.options.sharpenX1 = options.x1;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('options.x1', 'number between 0 and 10000', options.x1);
+      }
+    }
+    if (is.defined(options.y2)) {
+      if (is.number(options.y2) && is.inRange(options.y2, 0, 10000)) {
+        this.options.sharpenY2 = options.y2;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('options.y2', 'number between 0 and 10000', options.y2);
+      }
+    }
+    if (is.defined(options.y3)) {
+      if (is.number(options.y3) && is.inRange(options.y3, 0, 10000)) {
+        this.options.sharpenY3 = options.y3;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('options.y3', 'number between 0 and 10000', options.y3);
+      }
+    }
  } else {
-    throw is.invalidParameterError('sigma', 'number between 0.01 and 10000', sigma);
+    throw is.invalidParameterError('sigma', 'number between 0.01 and 10000', options);
  }
  return this;
 }
@@ -226,6 +301,13 @@ function sharpen (sigma, flat, jagged) {
 /**
 * Apply median filter.
 * When used without parameters the default window is 3x3.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const output = await sharp(input).median().toBuffer();
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const output = await sharp(input).median(5).toBuffer();
+ *
 * @param {number} [size=3] square mask size: size x size
 * @returns {Sharp}
 * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters
@@ -338,6 +420,17 @@ function gamma (gamma, gammaOut) {

 /**
 * Produce the "negative" of the image.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const output = await sharp(input)
+ *   .negate()
+ *   .toBuffer();
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const output = await sharp(input)
+ *   .negate({ alpha: false })
+ *   .toBuffer();
+ *
 * @param {Object} [options]
 * @param {Boolean} [options.alpha=true] Whether or not to negate any alpha channel
 * @returns {Sharp}
@@ -356,6 +449,10 @@ function negate (options) {

 /**
 * Enhance output image contrast by stretching its luminance to cover the full dynamic range.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const output = await sharp(input).normalise().toBuffer();
+ *
 * @param {Boolean} [normalise=true]
 * @returns {Sharp}
 */
@@ -366,6 +463,10 @@ function normalise (normalise) {

 /**
 * Alternative spelling of normalise.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const output = await sharp(input).normalize().toBuffer();
+ *
 * @param {Boolean} [normalize=true]
 * @returns {Sharp}
 */
@@ -381,6 +482,14 @@ function normalize (normalize) {
 *
 * @since 0.28.3
 *
+ * @example
+ * const output = await sharp(input)
+ *   .clahe({
+ *     width: 3,
+ *     height: 3,
+ *   })
+ *   .toBuffer();
+ *
 * @param {Object} options
 * @param {number} options.width - integer width of the region in pixels.
 * @param {number} options.height - integer height of the region in pixels.
@@ -590,28 +699,38 @@ function recomb (inputMatrix) {
 * @since 0.22.1
 *
 * @example
- * sharp(input)
+ * // increase brightness by a factor of 2
+ * const output = await sharp(input)
 *   .modulate({
- *     brightness: 2 // increase brightness by a factor of 2
- *   });
+ *     brightness: 2
+ *   })
+ *   .toBuffer();
 *
- * sharp(input)
+ * @example
+ * // hue-rotate by 180 degrees
+ * const output = await sharp(input)
 *   .modulate({
- *     hue: 180 // hue-rotate by 180 degrees
- *   });
+ *     hue: 180
+ *   })
+ *   .toBuffer();
 *
- * sharp(input)
+ * @example
+ * // increase lightness by +50
+ * const output = await sharp(input)
 *   .modulate({
- *     lightness: 50 // increase lightness by +50
- *   });
+ *     lightness: 50
+ *   })
+ *   .toBuffer();
 *
+ * @example
 * // decreate brightness and saturation while also hue-rotating by 90 degrees
- * sharp(input)
+ * const output = await sharp(input)
 *   .modulate({
 *     brightness: 0.5,
 *     saturation: 0.5,
- *     hue: 90
- *   });
+ *     hue: 90,
+ *   })
+ *   .toBuffer();
 *
 * @param {Object} [options]
 * @param {number} [options.brightness] Brightness multiplier
--- a/lib/output.js
+++ b/lib/output.js
@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ function toFile (fileOut, callback) {
 * Write output to a Buffer.
 * JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, TIFF, GIF and raw pixel data output are supported.
 *
+ * Use {@link toFormat} or one of the format-specific functions such as {@link jpeg}, {@link png} etc. to set the output format.
+ *
 * If no explicit format is set, the output format will match the input image, except SVG input which becomes PNG output.
 *
 * By default all metadata will be removed, which includes EXIF-based orientation.
@@ -108,6 +110,7 @@ function toFile (fileOut, callback) {
 *
 * @example
 * sharp(input)
+ *   .png()
 *   .toBuffer({ resolveWithObject: true })
 *   .then(({ data, info }) => { ... })
 *   .catch(err => { ... });
@@ -151,6 +154,8 @@ function toBuffer (options, callback) {
 * The default behaviour, when `withMetadata` is not used, is to convert to the device-independent
 * sRGB colour space and strip all metadata, including the removal of any ICC profile.
 *
+ * EXIF metadata is unsupported for TIFF output.
+ *
 * @example
 * sharp('input.jpg')
 *   .withMetadata()
@@ -514,7 +519,7 @@ function webp (options) {
 * // Convert PNG to GIF
 * await sharp(pngBuffer)
 *   .gif()
- *   .toBuffer());
+ *   .toBuffer();
 *
 * @example
 * // Convert animated WebP to animated GIF
--- a/lib/platform.js
+++ b/lib/platform.js
@@ -7,10 +7,12 @@ const env = process.env;
 module.exports = function () {
  const arch = env.npm_config_arch || process.arch;
  const platform = env.npm_config_platform || process.platform;
-  /* istanbul ignore next */
-  const libc = (platform === 'linux' && detectLibc.isNonGlibcLinuxSync()) ? detectLibc.familySync() : '';
+  const libc = process.env.npm_config_libc ||
+    /* istanbul ignore next */
+    (detectLibc.isNonGlibcLinuxSync() ? detectLibc.familySync() : '');
+  const libcId = platform !== 'linux' || libc === detectLibc.GLIBC ? '' : libc;

-  const platformId = [`${platform}${libc}`];
+  const platformId = [`${platform}${libcId}`];

  if (arch === 'arm') {
    const fallback = process.versions.electron ? '7' : '6';
--- a/lib/sharp.js
+++ b/lib/sharp.js
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ try {
  } else {
    const [platform, arch] = platformAndArch.split('-');
    help.push(
-      '- Install with the --verbose flag and look for errors: "npm install --ignore-scripts=false --verbose sharp"',
+      '- Install with verbose logging and look for errors: "npm install --ignore-scripts=false --foreground-scripts --verbose sharp"',
      `- Install for the current ${platformAndArch} runtime: "npm install --platform=${platform} --arch=${arch} sharp"`
    );
  }
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ try {
    '- Consult the installation documentation: https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install'
  );
  // Check loaded
-  if (process.platform === 'win32') {
+  if (process.platform === 'win32' || /symbol/.test(err.message)) {
    const loadedModule = Object.keys(require.cache).find((i) => /[\\/]build[\\/]Release[\\/]sharp(.*)\.node$/.test(i));
    if (loadedModule) {
      const [, loadedPackage] = loadedModule.match(/node_modules[\\/]([^\\/]+)[\\/]/);
--- a/lib/utility.js
+++ b/lib/utility.js
@@ -103,7 +103,11 @@ cache(true);

 /**
 * Gets or, when a concurrency is provided, sets
- * the number of threads _libvips'_ should create to process each image.
+ * the maximum number of threads _libvips_ should use to process _each image_.
+ * These are from a thread pool managed by glib,
+ * which helps avoid the overhead of creating new threads.
+ *
+ * This method always returns the current concurrency.
 *
 * The default value is the number of CPU cores,
 * except when using glibc-based Linux without jemalloc,
@@ -111,10 +115,19 @@ cache(true);
 *
 * A value of `0` will reset this to the number of CPU cores.
 *
- * The maximum number of images that can be processed in parallel
- * is limited by libuv's `UV_THREADPOOL_SIZE` environment variable.
+ * Some image format libraries spawn additional threads,
+ * e.g. libaom manages its own 4 threads when encoding AVIF images,
+ * and these are independent of the value set here.
 *
- * This method always returns the current concurrency.
+ * The maximum number of images that sharp can process in parallel
+ * is controlled by libuv's `UV_THREADPOOL_SIZE` environment variable,
+ * which defaults to 4.
+ *
+ * https://nodejs.org/api/cli.html#uv_threadpool_sizesize
+ *
+ * For example, by default, a machine with 8 CPU cores will process
+ * 4 images in parallel and use up to 8 threads per image,
+ * so there will be up to 32 concurrent threads.
 *
 * @example
 * const threads = sharp.concurrency(); // 4
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
  "name": "sharp",
  "description": "High performance Node.js image processing, the fastest module to resize JPEG, PNG, WebP, GIF, AVIF and TIFF images",
-  "version": "0.30.1",
+  "version": "0.30.6",
  "author": "Lovell Fuller <npm@lovell.info>",
  "homepage": "https://github.com/lovell/sharp",
  "contributors": [
@@ -81,7 +81,9 @@
    "Taneli Vatanen <taneli.vatanen@gmail.com>",
    "Joris Dugué <zaruike10@gmail.com>",
    "Chris Banks <christopher.bradley.banks@gmail.com>",
-    "Ompal Singh <ompal.hitm09@gmail.com>"
+    "Ompal Singh <ompal.hitm09@gmail.com>",
+    "Brodan <christopher.hranj@gmail.com",
+    "Ankur Parihar <ankur.github@gmail.com>"
  ],
  "scripts": {
    "install": "(node install/libvips && node install/dll-copy && prebuild-install) || (node install/can-compile && node-gyp rebuild && node install/dll-copy)",
@@ -126,11 +128,11 @@
    "vips"
  ],
  "dependencies": {
-    "color": "^4.2.0",
-    "detect-libc": "^2.0.0",
-    "node-addon-api": "^4.3.0",
-    "prebuild-install": "^7.0.1",
-    "semver": "^7.3.5",
+    "color": "^4.2.3",
+    "detect-libc": "^2.0.1",
+    "node-addon-api": "^5.0.0",
+    "prebuild-install": "^7.1.0",
+    "semver": "^7.3.7",
    "simple-get": "^4.0.1",
    "tar-fs": "^2.1.1",
    "tunnel-agent": "^0.6.0"
@@ -143,7 +145,7 @@
    "exif-reader": "^1.0.3",
    "icc": "^2.0.0",
    "license-checker": "^25.0.1",
-    "mocha": "^9.2.0",
+    "mocha": "^10.0.0",
    "mock-fs": "^5.1.2",
    "nyc": "^15.1.0",
    "prebuild": "^11.0.3",
--- a/src/common.cc
+++ b/src/common.cc
@@ -48,6 +48,9 @@ namespace sharp {
  int32_t AttrAsInt32(Napi::Object obj, unsigned int const attr) {
    return obj.Get(attr).As<Napi::Number>().Int32Value();
  }
+  int64_t AttrAsInt64(Napi::Object obj, std::string attr) {
+    return obj.Get(attr).As<Napi::Number>().Int64Value();
+  }
  double AttrAsDouble(Napi::Object obj, std::string attr) {
    return obj.Get(attr).As<Napi::Number>().DoubleValue();
  }
@@ -85,7 +88,9 @@ namespace sharp {
      descriptor->buffer = buffer.Data();
      descriptor->isBuffer = TRUE;
    }
-    descriptor->failOnError = AttrAsBool(input, "failOnError");
+    descriptor->failOn = static_cast<VipsFailOn>(
+      vips_enum_from_nick(nullptr, VIPS_TYPE_FAIL_ON,
+      AttrAsStr(input, "failOn").data()));
    // Density for vector-based input
    if (HasAttr(input, "density")) {
      descriptor->density = AttrAsDouble(input, "density");
@@ -129,7 +134,7 @@ namespace sharp {
      }
    }
    // Limit input images to a given number of pixels, where pixels = width * height
-    descriptor->limitInputPixels = AttrAsUint32(input, "limitInputPixels");
+    descriptor->limitInputPixels = static_cast<uint64_t>(AttrAsInt64(input, "limitInputPixels"));
    // Allow switch from random to sequential access
    descriptor->access = AttrAsBool(input, "sequentialRead") ? VIPS_ACCESS_SEQUENTIAL : VIPS_ACCESS_RANDOM;
    // Remove safety features and allow unlimited SVG/PNG input
@@ -329,7 +334,7 @@ namespace sharp {
          try {
            vips::VOption *option = VImage::option()
              ->set("access", descriptor->access)
-              ->set("fail", descriptor->failOnError);
+              ->set("fail_on", descriptor->failOn);
            if (descriptor->unlimited && (imageType == ImageType::SVG || imageType == ImageType::PNG)) {
              option->set("unlimited", TRUE);
            }
@@ -375,12 +380,6 @@ namespace sharp {
              VImage::option()->set("mean", descriptor->createNoiseMean)->set("sigma", descriptor->createNoiseSigma)));
          }
          image = image.bandjoin(bands);
-          image = image.cast(VipsBandFormat::VIPS_FORMAT_UCHAR);
-          if (channels < 3) {
-            image = image.colourspace(VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W);
-          } else {
-            image = image.colourspace(VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB);
-          }
        } else {
          std::vector<double> background = {
            descriptor->createBackground[0],
@@ -392,19 +391,24 @@ namespace sharp {
          }
          image = VImage::new_matrix(descriptor->createWidth, descriptor->createHeight).new_from_image(background);
        }
-        image.get_image()->Type = VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB;
+        image.get_image()->Type = image.guess_interpretation();
+        image = image.cast(VIPS_FORMAT_UCHAR);
        imageType = ImageType::RAW;
      } else {
        // From filesystem
        imageType = DetermineImageType(descriptor->file.data());
        if (imageType == ImageType::MISSING) {
-          throw vips::VError("Input file is missing");
+          if (descriptor->file.find("<svg") != std::string::npos) {
+            throw vips::VError("Input file is missing, did you mean "
+              "sharp(Buffer.from('" + descriptor->file.substr(0, 8) + "...')?");
+          }
+          throw vips::VError("Input file is missing: " + descriptor->file);
        }
        if (imageType != ImageType::UNKNOWN) {
          try {
            vips::VOption *option = VImage::option()
              ->set("access", descriptor->access)
-              ->set("fail", descriptor->failOnError);
+              ->set("fail_on", descriptor->failOn);
            if (descriptor->unlimited && (imageType == ImageType::SVG || imageType == ImageType::PNG)) {
              option->set("unlimited", TRUE);
            }
@@ -438,7 +442,7 @@ namespace sharp {
    }
    // Limit input images to a given number of pixels, where pixels = width * height
    if (descriptor->limitInputPixels > 0 &&
-      static_cast<uint64_t>(image.width() * image.height()) > static_cast<uint64_t>(descriptor->limitInputPixels)) {
+      static_cast<uint64_t>(image.width() * image.height()) > descriptor->limitInputPixels) {
      throw vips::VError("Input image exceeds pixel limit");
    }
    return std::make_tuple(image, imageType);
--- a/src/common.h
+++ b/src/common.h
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ namespace sharp {
    std::string name;
    std::string file;
    char *buffer;
-    bool failOnError;
-    int limitInputPixels;
+    VipsFailOn failOn;
+    uint64_t limitInputPixels;
    bool unlimited;
    VipsAccess access;
    size_t bufferLength;
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ namespace sharp {

    InputDescriptor():
      buffer(nullptr),
-      failOnError(TRUE),
+      failOn(VIPS_FAIL_ON_WARNING),
      limitInputPixels(0x3FFF * 0x3FFF),
      unlimited(FALSE),
      access(VIPS_ACCESS_RANDOM),
--- a/src/operations.cc
+++ b/src/operations.cc
@@ -209,7 +209,8 @@ namespace sharp {
  /*
   * Sharpen flat and jagged areas. Use sigma of -1.0 for fast sharpen.
   */
-  VImage Sharpen(VImage image, double const sigma, double const flat, double const jagged) {
+  VImage Sharpen(VImage image, double const sigma, double const m1, double const m2,
+    double const x1, double const y2, double const y3) {
    if (sigma == -1.0) {
      // Fast, mild sharpen
      VImage sharpen = VImage::new_matrixv(3, 3,
@@ -224,8 +225,14 @@ namespace sharp {
      if (colourspaceBeforeSharpen == VIPS_INTERPRETATION_RGB) {
        colourspaceBeforeSharpen = VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB;
      }
-      return image.sharpen(
-        VImage::option()->set("sigma", sigma)->set("m1", flat)->set("m2", jagged))
+      return image
+        .sharpen(VImage::option()
+          ->set("sigma", sigma)
+          ->set("m1", m1)
+          ->set("m2", m2)
+          ->set("x1", x1)
+          ->set("y2", y2)
+          ->set("y3", y3))
        .colourspace(colourspaceBeforeSharpen);
    }
  }
--- a/src/operations.h
+++ b/src/operations.h
@@ -64,7 +64,8 @@ namespace sharp {
  /*
   * Sharpen flat and jagged areas. Use sigma of -1.0 for fast sharpen.
   */
-  VImage Sharpen(VImage image, double const sigma, double const flat, double const jagged);
+  VImage Sharpen(VImage image, double const sigma, double const m1, double const m2,
+    double const x1, double const y2, double const y3);

  /*
    Threshold an image
--- a/src/pipeline.cc
+++ b/src/pipeline.cc
@@ -95,16 +95,18 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
      if (baton->rotateBeforePreExtract) {
        if (rotation != VIPS_ANGLE_D0) {
          image = image.rot(rotation);
-          if (flip) {
-            image = image.flip(VIPS_DIRECTION_VERTICAL);
-            flip = FALSE;
-          }
-          if (flop) {
-            image = image.flip(VIPS_DIRECTION_HORIZONTAL);
-            flop = FALSE;
-          }
+        }
+        if (flip) {
+          image = image.flip(VIPS_DIRECTION_VERTICAL);
+        }
+        if (flop) {
+          image = image.flip(VIPS_DIRECTION_HORIZONTAL);
+        }
+        if (rotation != VIPS_ANGLE_D0 || flip || flop) {
          image = sharp::RemoveExifOrientation(image);
        }
+        flop = FALSE;
+        flip = FALSE;
        if (baton->rotationAngle != 0.0) {
          MultiPageUnsupported(nPages, "Rotate");
          std::vector<double> background;
@@ -200,7 +202,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
        vips::VOption *option = VImage::option()
          ->set("access", baton->input->access)
          ->set("shrink", jpegShrinkOnLoad)
-          ->set("fail", baton->input->failOnError);
+          ->set("fail_on", baton->input->failOn);
        if (baton->input->buffer != nullptr) {
          // Reload JPEG buffer
          VipsBlob *blob = vips_blob_new(nullptr, baton->input->buffer, baton->input->bufferLength);
@@ -214,7 +216,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
        vips::VOption *option = VImage::option()
          ->set("access", baton->input->access)
          ->set("scale", scale)
-          ->set("fail", baton->input->failOnError);
+          ->set("fail_on", baton->input->failOn);
        if (inputImageType == sharp::ImageType::WEBP) {
          option->set("n", baton->input->pages);
          option->set("page", baton->input->page);
@@ -241,8 +243,10 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
            // Reload SVG file
            image = VImage::svgload(const_cast<char*>(baton->input->file.data()), option);
          }
-
          sharp::SetDensity(image, baton->input->density);
+          if (image.width() > 32767 || image.height() > 32767) {
+            throw vips::VError("Input SVG image will exceed 32767x32767 pixel limit when scaled");
+          }
        } else if (inputImageType == sharp::ImageType::PDF) {
          option->set("n", baton->input->pages);
          option->set("page", baton->input->page);
@@ -260,6 +264,10 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {

          sharp::SetDensity(image, baton->input->density);
        }
+      } else {
+        if (inputImageType == sharp::ImageType::SVG && (image.width() > 32767 || image.height() > 32767)) {
+          throw vips::VError("Input SVG image exceeds 32767x32767 pixel limit");
+        }
      }

      // Any pre-shrinking may already have been done
@@ -292,7 +300,8 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
      if (
        sharp::HasProfile(image) &&
        image.interpretation() != VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LABS &&
-        image.interpretation() != VIPS_INTERPRETATION_GREY16
+        image.interpretation() != VIPS_INTERPRETATION_GREY16 &&
+        image.interpretation() != VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W
      ) {
        // Convert to sRGB/P3 using embedded profile
        try {
@@ -353,7 +362,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
      }

      bool const shouldPremultiplyAlpha = sharp::HasAlpha(image) &&
-        (shouldResize || shouldBlur || shouldConv || shouldSharpen || shouldComposite);
+        (shouldResize || shouldBlur || shouldConv || shouldSharpen);

      // Premultiply image alpha channel before all transformations to avoid
      // dark fringing around bright pixels
@@ -576,11 +585,14 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {

      // Sharpen
      if (shouldSharpen) {
-        image = sharp::Sharpen(image, baton->sharpenSigma, baton->sharpenFlat, baton->sharpenJagged);
+        image = sharp::Sharpen(image, baton->sharpenSigma, baton->sharpenM1, baton->sharpenM2,
+          baton->sharpenX1, baton->sharpenY2, baton->sharpenY3);
      }

      // Composite
      if (shouldComposite) {
+        std::vector<VImage> images = { image };
+        std::vector<int> modes, xs, ys;
        for (Composite *composite : baton->composite) {
          VImage compositeImage;
          sharp::ImageType compositeImageType = sharp::ImageType::UNKNOWN;
@@ -626,12 +638,12 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
            // gravity was used for extract_area, set it back to its default value of 0
            composite->gravity = 0;
          }
-          // Ensure image to composite is sRGB with premultiplied alpha
+          // Ensure image to composite is sRGB with unpremultiplied alpha
          compositeImage = compositeImage.colourspace(VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB);
          if (!sharp::HasAlpha(compositeImage)) {
            compositeImage = sharp::EnsureAlpha(compositeImage, 1);
          }
-          if (!composite->premultiplied) compositeImage = compositeImage.premultiply();
+          if (composite->premultiplied) compositeImage = compositeImage.unpremultiply();
          // Calculate position
          int left;
          int top;
@@ -649,12 +661,12 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
            std::tie(left, top) = sharp::CalculateCrop(image.width(), image.height(),
              compositeImage.width(), compositeImage.height(), composite->gravity);
          }
-          // Composite
-          image = image.composite2(compositeImage, composite->mode, VImage::option()
-            ->set("premultiplied", TRUE)
-            ->set("x", left)
-            ->set("y", top));
+          images.push_back(compositeImage);
+          modes.push_back(composite->mode);
+          xs.push_back(left);
+          ys.push_back(top);
        }
+        image = image.composite(images, modes, VImage::option()->set("x", xs)->set("y", ys));
      }

      // Reverse premultiplication after all transformations:
@@ -1397,8 +1409,11 @@ Napi::Value pipeline(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
  baton->lightness = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "lightness");
  baton->medianSize = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "medianSize");
  baton->sharpenSigma = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "sharpenSigma");
-  baton->sharpenFlat = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "sharpenFlat");
-  baton->sharpenJagged = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "sharpenJagged");
+  baton->sharpenM1 = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "sharpenM1");
+  baton->sharpenM2 = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "sharpenM2");
+  baton->sharpenX1 = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "sharpenX1");
+  baton->sharpenY2 = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "sharpenY2");
+  baton->sharpenY3 = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "sharpenY3");
  baton->threshold = sharp::AttrAsInt32(options, "threshold");
  baton->thresholdGrayscale = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "thresholdGrayscale");
  baton->trimThreshold = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "trimThreshold");
--- a/src/pipeline.h
+++ b/src/pipeline.h
@@ -90,8 +90,11 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
  double lightness;
  int medianSize;
  double sharpenSigma;
-  double sharpenFlat;
-  double sharpenJagged;
+  double sharpenM1;
+  double sharpenM2;
+  double sharpenX1;
+  double sharpenY2;
+  double sharpenY3;
  int threshold;
  bool thresholdGrayscale;
  double trimThreshold;
@@ -234,8 +237,11 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
    lightness(0),
    medianSize(0),
    sharpenSigma(0.0),
-    sharpenFlat(1.0),
-    sharpenJagged(2.0),
+    sharpenM1(1.0),
+    sharpenM2(2.0),
+    sharpenX1(2.0),
+    sharpenY2(10.0),
+    sharpenY3(20.0),
    threshold(0),
    thresholdGrayscale(true),
    trimThreshold(0.0),
--- a/src/sharp.cc
+++ b/src/sharp.cc
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
 // limitations under the License.

 #include <napi.h>
-#include <cstdlib>
 #include <vips/vips8>

 #include "common.h"
@@ -22,14 +21,6 @@
 #include "utilities.h"
 #include "stats.h"

-#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400  // MSVC 2005/8
-static void empty_invalid_parameter_handler(const wchar_t* expression,
-  const wchar_t* function, const wchar_t* file, unsigned int line,
-  uintptr_t reserved) {
-  // No-op.
-}
-#endif
-
 static void* sharp_vips_init(void*) {
  g_setenv("VIPS_MIN_STACK_SIZE", "2m", FALSE);
  vips_init("sharp");
@@ -43,13 +34,6 @@ Napi::Object init(Napi::Env env, Napi::Object exports) {
  g_log_set_handler("VIPS", static_cast<GLogLevelFlags>(G_LOG_LEVEL_WARNING),
    static_cast<GLogFunc>(sharp::VipsWarningCallback), nullptr);

-  // Tell the CRT to not exit the application when an invalid parameter is
-  // passed. The main issue is that invalid FDs will trigger this behaviour.
-  // See: https://github.com/libvips/libvips/pull/2571.
-#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400  // MSVC 2005/8
-  _set_invalid_parameter_handler(empty_invalid_parameter_handler);
-#endif
-
  // Methods available to JavaScript
  exports.Set("metadata", Napi::Function::New(env, metadata));
  exports.Set("pipeline", Napi::Function::New(env, pipeline));
--- a/test/fixtures/expected/composite-multiple.png
+++ b/test/fixtures/expected/composite-multiple.png
--- a/test/fixtures/expected/composite.blend.dest-over.png
+++ b/test/fixtures/expected/composite.blend.dest-over.png
--- a/test/fixtures/expected/composite.blend.over.png
+++ b/test/fixtures/expected/composite.blend.over.png
--- a/test/fixtures/expected/composite.blend.saturate.png
+++ b/test/fixtures/expected/composite.blend.saturate.png
--- a/test/fixtures/expected/composite.blend.xor.png
+++ b/test/fixtures/expected/composite.blend.xor.png
--- a/test/unit/composite.js
+++ b/test/unit/composite.js
@@ -45,22 +45,20 @@ const blends = [

 // Test
 describe('composite', () => {
-  it('blend', () => Promise.all(
-    blends.map(blend => {
+  blends.forEach(blend => {
+    it(`blend ${blend}`, async () => {
      const filename = `composite.blend.${blend}.png`;
      const actual = fixtures.path(`output.${filename}`);
      const expected = fixtures.expected(filename);
-      return sharp(redRect)
+      await sharp(redRect)
        .composite([{
          input: blueRect,
          blend
        }])
-        .toFile(actual)
-        .then(() => {
-          fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(actual, expected);
-        });
-    })
-  ));
+        .toFile(actual);
+      fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(actual, expected);
+    });
+  });

  it('premultiplied true', () => {
    const filename = 'composite.premultiplied.png';
@@ -121,11 +119,11 @@ describe('composite', () => {
      });
  });

-  it('multiple', () => {
+  it('multiple', async () => {
    const filename = 'composite-multiple.png';
    const actual = fixtures.path(`output.${filename}`);
    const expected = fixtures.expected(filename);
-    return sharp(redRect)
+    await sharp(redRect)
      .composite([{
        input: blueRect,
        gravity: 'northeast'
@@ -133,10 +131,8 @@ describe('composite', () => {
        input: greenRect,
        gravity: 'southwest'
      }])
-      .toFile(actual)
-      .then(() => {
-        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(actual, expected);
-      });
+      .toFile(actual);
+    fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(actual, expected);
  });

  it('zero offset', done => {
--- a/test/unit/extend.js
+++ b/test/unit/extend.js
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ describe('Extend', function () {
  });

  it('Premultiply background when compositing', async () => {
-    const background = '#bf1942cc';
+    const background = { r: 191, g: 25, b: 66, alpha: 0.8 };
    const data = await sharp({
      create: {
        width: 1, height: 1, channels: 4, background: '#fff0'
@@ -158,10 +158,6 @@ describe('Extend', function () {
      })
      .raw()
      .toBuffer();
-    const [r1, g1, b1, a1, r2, g2, b2, a2] = data;
-    assert.strictEqual(true, Math.abs(r2 - r1) < 2);
-    assert.strictEqual(true, Math.abs(g2 - g1) < 2);
-    assert.strictEqual(true, Math.abs(b2 - b1) < 2);
-    assert.strictEqual(true, Math.abs(a2 - a1) < 2);
+    assert.deepStrictEqual(Array.from(data), [191, 25, 66, 204, 191, 25, 66, 204]);
  });
 });
--- a/test/unit/extract.js
+++ b/test/unit/extract.js
@@ -168,14 +168,51 @@ describe('Partial image extraction', function () {
      });
  });

-  it('Rotate with EXIF mirroring then extract', function (done) {
-    sharp(fixtures.inputJpgWithLandscapeExif7)
-      .rotate()
-      .extract({ left: 0, top: 208, width: 60, height: 40 })
-      .toBuffer(function (err, data) {
-        if (err) throw err;
-        fixtures.assertSimilar(fixtures.expected('rotate-mirror-extract.jpg'), data, done);
+  describe('Apply exif orientation and mirroring then extract', () => {
+    [
+      {
+        name: 'EXIF-1',
+        image: fixtures.inputJpgWithLandscapeExif1
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'EXIF-2',
+        image: fixtures.inputJpgWithLandscapeExif2
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'EXIF-3',
+        image: fixtures.inputJpgWithLandscapeExif3
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'EXIF-4',
+        image: fixtures.inputJpgWithLandscapeExif4
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'EXIF-5',
+        image: fixtures.inputJpgWithLandscapeExif5
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'EXIF-6',
+        image: fixtures.inputJpgWithLandscapeExif6
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'EXIF-7',
+        image: fixtures.inputJpgWithLandscapeExif7
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'EXIF-8',
+        image: fixtures.inputJpgWithLandscapeExif8
+      }
+    ].forEach(({ name, image }) => {
+      it(name, function (done) {
+        sharp(image)
+          .rotate()
+          .extract({ left: 0, top: 208, width: 60, height: 40 })
+          .toBuffer(function (err, data) {
+            if (err) throw err;
+            fixtures.assertSimilar(fixtures.expected('rotate-mirror-extract.jpg'), data, done);
+          });
      });
+    });
  });

  describe('Invalid parameters', function () {
--- a/test/unit/failOnError.js
+++ b/test/unit/failOnError.js
@@ -3,56 +3,70 @@
 const assert = require('assert');
 const fs = require('fs');

-const sharp = require('../../');
+const sharp = require('../../lib');
 const fixtures = require('../fixtures');

-describe('failOnError', function () {
+describe('failOn', () => {
  it('handles truncated JPEG', function (done) {
-    sharp(fixtures.inputJpgTruncated, { failOnError: false })
-      .resize(320, 240)
+    sharp(fixtures.inputJpgTruncated, { failOn: 'none' })
+      .resize(32, 24)
      .toBuffer(function (err, data, info) {
        if (err) throw err;
        assert.strictEqual('jpeg', info.format);
-        assert.strictEqual(320, info.width);
-        assert.strictEqual(240, info.height);
+        assert.strictEqual(32, info.width);
+        assert.strictEqual(24, info.height);
        fixtures.assertSimilar(fixtures.expected('truncated.jpg'), data, done);
      });
  });

  it('handles truncated PNG, emits warnings', function (done) {
    let isWarningEmitted = false;
-    sharp(fixtures.inputPngTruncated, { failOnError: false })
+    sharp(fixtures.inputPngTruncated, { failOn: 'none' })
      .on('warning', function (warning) {
        assert.ok(warning.includes('not enough data') || warning.includes('end of stream'));
        isWarningEmitted = true;
      })
-      .resize(320, 240)
+      .resize(32, 24)
      .toBuffer(function (err, data, info) {
        if (err) throw err;
        assert.strictEqual(true, isWarningEmitted);
        assert.strictEqual('png', info.format);
-        assert.strictEqual(320, info.width);
-        assert.strictEqual(240, info.height);
+        assert.strictEqual(32, info.width);
+        assert.strictEqual(24, info.height);
        done();
      });
  });

-  it('rejects invalid values', function () {
-    assert.doesNotThrow(function () {
-      sharp(fixtures.inputJpg, { failOnError: true });
-    });
+  it('throws for invalid options', () => {
+    assert.throws(
+      () => sharp({ failOn: 'zoinks' }),
+      /Expected one of: none, truncated, error, warning for failOn but received zoinks of type string/
+    );
+    assert.throws(
+      () => sharp({ failOn: 1 }),
+      /Expected one of: none, truncated, error, warning for failOn but received 1 of type number/
+    );
+  });

-    assert.throws(function () {
-      sharp(fixtures.inputJpg, { failOnError: 'zoinks' });
-    });
-
-    assert.throws(function () {
-      sharp(fixtures.inputJpg, { failOnError: 1 });
-    });
+  it('deprecated failOnError', () => {
+    assert.doesNotThrow(
+      () => sharp({ failOnError: true })
+    );
+    assert.doesNotThrow(
+      () => sharp({ failOnError: false })
+    );
+    assert.throws(
+      () => sharp({ failOnError: 'zoinks' }),
+      /Expected boolean for failOnError but received zoinks of type string/
+    );
+    assert.throws(
+      () => sharp({ failOnError: 1 }),
+      /Expected boolean for failOnError but received 1 of type number/
+    );
  });

  it('returns errors to callback for truncated JPEG', function (done) {
-    sharp(fixtures.inputJpgTruncated).toBuffer(function (err, data, info) {
+    sharp(fixtures.inputJpgTruncated, { failOn: 'truncated' }).toBuffer(function (err, data, info) {
      assert.ok(err.message.includes('VipsJpeg: Premature end of'), err);
      assert.strictEqual(data, undefined);
      assert.strictEqual(info, undefined);
@@ -61,7 +75,7 @@ describe('failOnError', function () {
  });

  it('returns errors to callback for truncated PNG', function (done) {
-    sharp(fixtures.inputPngTruncated).toBuffer(function (err, data, info) {
+    sharp(fixtures.inputPngTruncated, { failOn: 'truncated' }).toBuffer(function (err, data, info) {
      assert.ok(err.message.includes('read error'), err);
      assert.strictEqual(data, undefined);
      assert.strictEqual(info, undefined);
@@ -70,7 +84,7 @@ describe('failOnError', function () {
  });

  it('rejects promises for truncated JPEG', function (done) {
-    sharp(fixtures.inputJpgTruncated)
+    sharp(fixtures.inputJpgTruncated, { failOn: 'error' })
      .toBuffer()
      .then(() => {
        throw new Error('Expected rejection');
@@ -80,8 +94,8 @@ describe('failOnError', function () {
      });
  });

-  it('handles stream-based input', function () {
-    const writable = sharp({ failOnError: false });
+  it('handles stream-based input', async () => {
+    const writable = sharp({ failOn: 'none' }).resize(32, 24);
    fs.createReadStream(fixtures.inputJpgTruncated).pipe(writable);
    return writable.toBuffer();
  });
--- a/test/unit/io.js
+++ b/test/unit/io.js
@@ -182,6 +182,24 @@ describe('Input/output', function () {
    assert.strictEqual(info.height, 1);
  });

+  it('Read from Uint8ClampedArray with byteOffset and output to Buffer', async () => {
+    // since a Uint8ClampedArray is the same as Uint8Array but clamps the values
+    // between 0-255 it seemed good to add this also
+    const uint8array = Uint8ClampedArray.from([0, 0, 0, 255, 255, 255, 0, 0, 0, 255, 255, 255]);
+    const uint8ArrayWithByteOffset = new Uint8ClampedArray(uint8array.buffer, 3, 6);
+    const { data, info } = await sharp(uint8ArrayWithByteOffset, {
+      raw: {
+        width: 2,
+        height: 1,
+        channels: 3
+      }
+    }).toBuffer({ resolveWithObject: true });
+
+    assert.deepStrictEqual(Uint8ClampedArray.from([255, 255, 255, 0, 0, 0]), new Uint8ClampedArray(data));
+    assert.strictEqual(info.width, 2);
+    assert.strictEqual(info.height, 1);
+  });
+
  it('Stream should emit info event', function (done) {
    const readable = fs.createReadStream(fixtures.inputJpg);
    const writable = fs.createWriteStream(outputJpg);
@@ -439,7 +457,7 @@ describe('Input/output', function () {
      done();
    }).catch(function (err) {
      assert(err instanceof Error);
-      assert.strictEqual('Input file is missing', err.message);
+      assert.strictEqual('Input file is missing: does-not-exist', err.message);
      done();
    });
  });
@@ -688,6 +706,12 @@ describe('Input/output', function () {
      });
    });

+    it('Invalid fails - integer overflow', () => {
+      assert.throws(() => {
+        sharp({ limitInputPixels: Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER + 1 });
+      });
+    });
+
    it('Invalid fails - string', () => {
      assert.throws(() => {
        sharp({ limitInputPixels: 'fail' });
--- a/test/unit/jp2.js
+++ b/test/unit/jp2.js
@@ -48,15 +48,8 @@ describe('JP2 output', () => {
            .resize(320, 240)
            .toBuffer(function (err, buffer80) {
              if (err) throw err;
-              sharp(fixtures.inputJp2)
-                .resize(320, 240)
-                .jp2({ quality: 90 })
-                .toBuffer(function (err, buffer90) {
-                  if (err) throw err;
-                  assert(buffer70.length < buffer80.length);
-                  assert(buffer80.length < buffer90.length);
-                  done();
-                });
+              assert(buffer70.length < buffer80.length);
+              done();
            });
        });
    });
--- a/test/unit/negate.js
+++ b/test/unit/negate.js
@@ -186,6 +186,22 @@ describe('Negate', function () {
      });
  });

+  it('negate create', async () => {
+    const [r, g, b] = await sharp({
+      create: {
+        width: 1,
+        height: 1,
+        channels: 3,
+        background: { r: 10, g: 20, b: 30 }
+      }
+    })
+      .negate()
+      .raw()
+      .toBuffer();
+
+    assert.deepStrictEqual({ r, g, b }, { r: 245, g: 235, b: 225 });
+  });
+
  it('invalid alpha value', function () {
    assert.throws(function () {
      sharp(fixtures.inputWebPWithTransparency).negate({ alpha: 'non-bool' });
--- a/test/unit/noise.js
+++ b/test/unit/noise.js
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ describe('Gaussian noise', function () {
          sigma: 30
        }
      }
-    });
+    }).toColourspace('b-w');
    noise.toFile(output, function (err, info) {
      if (err) throw err;
      assert.strictEqual('png', info.format);
@@ -131,6 +131,7 @@ describe('Gaussian noise', function () {
      }
    });
    noise
+      .toColourspace('b-w')
      .toBuffer(function (err, data, info) {
        if (err) throw err;
        assert.strictEqual(1, info.channels);
--- a/test/unit/platform.js
+++ b/test/unit/platform.js
@@ -61,4 +61,28 @@ describe('Platform-detection', function () {
    delete process.env.npm_config_arch;
    delete process.versions.electron;
  });
+
+  it('Can override libc if platform is linux', function () {
+    process.env.npm_config_platform = 'linux';
+    process.env.npm_config_libc = 'test';
+    assert.strictEqual('linuxtest', platform().split('-')[0]);
+    delete process.env.npm_config_platform;
+    delete process.env.npm_config_libc;
+  });
+
+  it('Handles libc value "glibc" as default linux', function () {
+    process.env.npm_config_platform = 'linux';
+    process.env.npm_config_libc = 'glibc';
+    assert.strictEqual('linux', platform().split('-')[0]);
+    delete process.env.npm_config_platform;
+    delete process.env.npm_config_libc;
+  });
+
+  it('Discards libc value on non-linux platform', function () {
+    process.env.npm_config_platform = 'win32';
+    process.env.npm_config_libc = 'gnuwin32';
+    assert.strictEqual('win32', platform().split('-')[0]);
+    delete process.env.npm_config_platform;
+    delete process.env.npm_config_libc;
+  });
 });
--- a/test/unit/sharpen.js
+++ b/test/unit/sharpen.js
@@ -45,6 +45,22 @@ describe('Sharpen', function () {
      });
  });

+  it('sigma=3.5, m1=2, m2=4', (done) => {
+    sharp(fixtures.inputJpg)
+      .resize(320, 240)
+      .sharpen({ sigma: 3.5, m1: 2, m2: 4 })
+      .toBuffer()
+      .then(data => fixtures.assertSimilar(fixtures.expected('sharpen-5-2-4.jpg'), data, done));
+  });
+
+  it('sigma=3.5, m1=2, m2=4, x1=2, y2=5, y3=25', (done) => {
+    sharp(fixtures.inputJpg)
+      .resize(320, 240)
+      .sharpen({ sigma: 3.5, m1: 2, m2: 4, x1: 2, y2: 5, y3: 25 })
+      .toBuffer()
+      .then(data => fixtures.assertSimilar(fixtures.expected('sharpen-5-2-4.jpg'), data, done));
+  });
+
  if (!process.env.SHARP_TEST_WITHOUT_CACHE) {
    it('specific radius/levels with alpha channel', function (done) {
      sharp(fixtures.inputPngWithTransparency)
@@ -92,6 +108,36 @@ describe('Sharpen', function () {
    });
  });

+  it('invalid options.sigma', () => assert.throws(
+    () => sharp().sharpen({ sigma: -1 }),
+    /Expected number between 0\.01 and 10000 for options\.sigma but received -1 of type number/
+  ));
+
+  it('invalid options.m1', () => assert.throws(
+    () => sharp().sharpen({ sigma: 1, m1: -1 }),
+    /Expected number between 0 and 10000 for options\.m1 but received -1 of type number/
+  ));
+
+  it('invalid options.m2', () => assert.throws(
+    () => sharp().sharpen({ sigma: 1, m2: -1 }),
+    /Expected number between 0 and 10000 for options\.m2 but received -1 of type number/
+  ));
+
+  it('invalid options.x1', () => assert.throws(
+    () => sharp().sharpen({ sigma: 1, x1: -1 }),
+    /Expected number between 0 and 10000 for options\.x1 but received -1 of type number/
+  ));
+
+  it('invalid options.y2', () => assert.throws(
+    () => sharp().sharpen({ sigma: 1, y2: -1 }),
+    /Expected number between 0 and 10000 for options\.y2 but received -1 of type number/
+  ));
+
+  it('invalid options.y3', () => assert.throws(
+    () => sharp().sharpen({ sigma: 1, y3: -1 }),
+    /Expected number between 0 and 10000 for options\.y3 but received -1 of type number/
+  ));
+
  it('sharpened image is larger than non-sharpened', function (done) {
    sharp(fixtures.inputJpg)
      .resize(320, 240)
--- a/test/unit/svg.js
+++ b/test/unit/svg.js
@@ -135,4 +135,25 @@ describe('SVG input', function () {
    assert.strictEqual(info.height, 240);
    assert.strictEqual(info.channels, 4);
  });
+
+  it('Fails to render SVG larger than 32767x32767', () =>
+    assert.rejects(
+      () => sharp(Buffer.from('<svg width="32768" height="1" />')).toBuffer(),
+      /Input SVG image exceeds 32767x32767 pixel limit/
+    )
+  );
+
+  it('Fails to render scaled SVG larger than 32767x32767', () =>
+    assert.rejects(
+      () => sharp(Buffer.from('<svg width="32767" height="1" />')).resize(32768).toBuffer(),
+      /Input SVG image will exceed 32767x32767 pixel limit when scaled/
+    )
+  );
+
+  it('Detects SVG passed as a string', () =>
+    assert.rejects(
+      () => sharp('<svg></svg>').toBuffer(),
+      /Input file is missing, did you mean/
+    )
+  );
 });
--- a/test/unit/util.js
+++ b/test/unit/util.js
@@ -68,10 +68,13 @@ describe('Utilities', function () {
  });

  describe('Counters', function () {
-    it('Have zero value at rest', function () {
-      const counters = sharp.counters();
-      assert.strictEqual(0, counters.queue);
-      assert.strictEqual(0, counters.process);
+    it('Have zero value at rest', (done) => {
+      queueMicrotask(() => {
+        const counters = sharp.counters();
+        assert.strictEqual(0, counters.queue);
+        assert.strictEqual(0, counters.process);
+        done();
+      });
    });
  });
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Lovell Fuller	b91875d3d9	Release v0.30.6	2022-05-30 08:56:14 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	a0568ec0c3	Allow values for limitInputPixels larger than 32-bit #3238	2022-05-28 08:35:17 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	48e3ea5e29	Ensure brew-installed vips can be detected #3239	2022-05-26 22:58:24 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	93b29057e4	Docs: changelog and credit for #3160	2022-05-24 21:14:13 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	db654de385	Release v0.30.5	2022-05-23 12:19:02 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	a6aeef612b	Install: pass `PKG_CONFIG_PATH` via env rather than substitution	2022-05-23 12:12:19 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	7bf6cbd669	Docs: correct links to libvips documentation	2022-05-22 12:14:24 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	04c31b35a7	Install: warn about filesystem owner running npm v8+ as root	2022-05-15 19:43:45 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	ee9cdb6598	Bump deps	2022-05-15 17:20:33 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	8960eb8309	Docs: changelog entry for #3218	2022-05-15 17:12:51 +01:00
jakob0fischl	54d9dc46f5	Fix rotate-then-extract for EXIF orientation 2 (#3218 )	2022-05-15 12:26:57 +01:00
Joona Heinikoski	51b4a7c564	Add support for --libc flag to improve cross-platform install (#3160 ) This deprecates the libc-as-suffix approach of --platform=linuxmusl	2022-04-28 11:24:45 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	5b03579e5c	Docs: more details about concurrency, parallelism, threads	2022-04-25 14:40:55 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	58c2af3251	Docs: improve output format info for toBuffer	2022-04-25 11:41:06 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	ee948ac6fa	Docs: changelog and credit for #3196	2022-04-25 11:33:05 +01:00
Ankur Parihar	66a3ce5e55	Allow installation of prebuilt libvips binary from filesystem (#3196 )	2022-04-24 18:47:57 +01:00
David Humphrey	75e5afcd42	Docs: fix typo in gif example (#3201 )	2022-04-22 16:09:28 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	d396a4e65d	Release v0.30.4	2022-04-18 10:14:31 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	ae1dbcdf4e	Bump deps	2022-04-18 10:11:30 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	4c29368b51	Docs: EXIF metadata unsupported for TIFF output #3074	2022-04-18 09:53:35 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	36e55969d2	Docs: mention npm's foreground-scripts option to aid debugging	2022-04-18 09:51:27 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	985e881e7a	Bump deps	2022-04-05 21:14:09 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	0b116715aa	Docs: changelog for #3178	2022-04-05 21:11:06 +01:00
Chris Hranj	9deac83322	Add missing file name to 'Input file is missing' error message (#3178 )	2022-04-05 11:35:01 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	5d36f5f699	Improve error message for SVG render above limit #3167	2022-04-04 14:20:04 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	926572b41e	Control sensitivity to invalid images via failOn Deprecates failOnError, equivalent to failOn=warning	2022-04-04 12:27:45 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	d0c8e95641	Docs: expand info about use with worker threads	2022-03-30 10:09:15 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	b0ca23c3e7	Docs: changelog and credit for #3146	2022-03-28 21:32:38 +01:00
codepage949	c3a0d5f5d0	Add support for TypedArray input with byteOffset and length	2022-03-27 20:18:58 +01:00
Lovell Fuller	1d36936954	Ensure create has correct bit depth and colourspace #3139	2022-03-22 19:48:02 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	b609df4b48	Release v0.30.3	2022-03-14 11:54:15 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	c567d3b9ab	Bump devDeps	2022-03-14 11:52:45 +00:00
Marvin ROGER	27d9fe2a4e	Add additional debugging hint on symbol error (#3132 )	2022-03-14 10:19:02 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	ac883c5215	Docs: composite image supports the animated property #3135	2022-03-14 08:53:00 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	e8720c9374	Docs: use SVG favicon with a PNG fallback Remove unused apple-touch icons	2022-03-13 14:22:05 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	42e45d842a	Docs: add more examples (composite, greyscale, tint)	2022-03-12 20:33:15 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	72fd8abe2c	Docs: add section on (preventing) bundling with esbuild	2022-03-12 13:17:36 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	ac18bbbc7c	Ensure backwards-compatibility of JSDoc introduced in `ea599ad`	2022-03-11 19:07:11 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	fcbe4e1e01	Tests: remove possible race condition Simplify JP2 quality size check	2022-03-09 19:55:32 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	9280742385	CI: update FreeBSD environment	2022-03-09 19:26:43 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	7a1a1cf9e8	Docs: add/correct some operation examples	2022-03-09 19:18:41 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	ea599ade10	Allow sharpen options to be provided as an Object Also exposes x1, y2, y3 parameters #2561 #2935	2022-03-09 19:07:08 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	1de49f3ed8	Docs: refresh for metadata example #3127	2022-03-09 16:02:27 +00:00
Rasmus Schultz	4ac65054bc	Docs: add example of how to get the right-side-up width/height (#3127 ) See #3124	2022-03-09 15:59:09 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	23033e2050	Prevent double unpremultiply with some composite blends	2022-03-04 23:17:07 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	dd3b78272a	Docs: remove experimental status from existing stats properties	2022-03-04 07:58:03 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	80d169b7c2	Release v0.30.2	2022-03-02 11:24:35 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	003279a0b0	CI: switch 32-bit Windows from Appveyor to Actions	2022-03-02 11:16:21 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	af80d7e389	Improve error message for missing file that might be SVG	2022-03-02 09:58:55 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	21a960796c	Ignore greyscale ICC profiles due to lcms bug #3112	2022-02-28 11:28:08 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	fc3b4a683d	Expand pkgconfig search path for wider BSD support #3106	2022-02-27 09:39:21 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	808133e7dc	Docs: changelog entry for #3110	2022-02-26 19:40:17 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	801b6fea6c	Bump devDeps	2022-02-26 19:39:46 +00:00
Kleis Auke Wolthuizen	c2ecde6a16	Windows: ensure C++ runtime is linked statically (#3110 ) And remove the empty invalid parameter handler, which should be present in the C layer instead. This partially reverts commit `659cdabd8e`, the added test case in that commit is still preserved.	2022-02-26 19:15:37 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	55efe5602b	Bump deps	2022-02-16 19:12:27 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	c62002554b	Improve performance and accuracy of multi-image composite #2286	2022-02-16 19:04:23 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	7f83ecd255	Issue templates: small formatting fixes	2022-02-15 10:54:36 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	dc5f4dcd28	Issue templates: improve guidance, increase filtering	2022-02-15 10:50:26 +00:00