Prerelease 0.33.0-alpha.8

This partially reverts commit 51e56f994c.

Ignoring plug'n'play, it looks like yarn and pnpm do get the
filesystem layout right for this scenario, which is good news.

It also looks like npm 10 will get it right too.

.circleci/config.yml

@@ -3,14 +3,6 @@ version: 2.1
 workflows:
   build:
     jobs:
-      - linux-arm64-glibc-node-14:
-          filters:
-            tags:
-              only: /^v.*/
-      - linux-arm64-musl-node-14:
-          filters:
-            tags:
-              only: /^v.*/
       - linux-arm64-glibc-node-18:
           filters:
             tags:
@@ -19,9 +11,17 @@ workflows:
           filters:
             tags:
               only: /^v.*/
+      - linux-arm64-glibc-node-20:
+          filters:
+            tags:
+              only: /^v.*/
+      - linux-arm64-musl-node-20:
+          filters:
+            tags:
+              only: /^v.*/
 
 jobs:
-  linux-arm64-glibc-node-14:
+  linux-arm64-glibc-node-18:
     resource_class: arm.medium
     machine:
       image: ubuntu-2004:current
@@ -30,13 +30,20 @@ jobs:
       - run: |
           sudo docker run -dit --name sharp --volume "${PWD}:/mnt/sharp" --workdir /mnt/sharp arm64v8/debian:bullseye
           sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "apt-get update && apt-get install -y build-essential git python3 curl fonts-noto-core"
-          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "curl -s https://deb.nodesource.com/gpgkey/nodesource.gpg.key | apt-key add -"
-          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "echo 'deb https://deb.nodesource.com/node_14.x sid main' >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/gpgkey/nodesource-repo.gpg.key | gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/nodesource.gpg"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "echo 'deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/nodesource.gpg] https://deb.nodesource.com/node_18.x nodistro main' | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list"
           sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "apt-get update && apt-get install -y nodejs"
-      - run: sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm install --build-from-source --unsafe-perm"
+      - run: sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm install --build-from-source"
       - run: sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm test"
-      - run: "[[ -n $CIRCLE_TAG ]] && sudo docker exec --env prebuild_upload sharp sh -c \"npx prebuild --runtime napi --target 7 --upload=$prebuild_upload\" || true"
-  linux-arm64-glibc-node-18:
+      - run: |
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm run package-from-local-build"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm pkg set \"optionalDependencies.@sharpen/sharp-linux-arm64=file:./npm/linux-arm64\""
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm run clean"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm install --ignore-scripts"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm test"
+      - run: "[[ -n $CIRCLE_TAG ]] && sudo docker exec --env prebuild_upload sharp sh -c \"cd src && ln -s ../package.json && npx prebuild --upload=$prebuild_upload\" || true"
+  linux-arm64-glibc-node-20:
     resource_class: arm.medium
     machine:
       image: ubuntu-2004:current
@@ -45,25 +52,20 @@ jobs:
       - run: |
           sudo docker run -dit --name sharp --workdir /mnt/sharp arm64v8/debian:bullseye
           sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "apt-get update && apt-get install -y build-essential git python3 curl fonts-noto-core"
-          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "curl -s https://deb.nodesource.com/gpgkey/nodesource.gpg.key | apt-key add -"
-          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "echo 'deb https://deb.nodesource.com/node_18.x sid main' >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/gpgkey/nodesource-repo.gpg.key | gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/nodesource.gpg"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "echo 'deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/nodesource.gpg] https://deb.nodesource.com/node_20.x nodistro main' | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list"
           sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "apt-get update && apt-get install -y nodejs"
           sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "mkdir -p /mnt/sharp"
           sudo docker cp . sharp:/mnt/sharp/.
       - run: sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm install --build-from-source"
       - run: sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm test"
-  linux-arm64-musl-node-14:
-    resource_class: arm.medium
-    machine:
-      image: ubuntu-2004:current
-    steps:
-      - checkout
       - run: |
-          sudo docker run -dit --name sharp --volume "${PWD}:/mnt/sharp" --workdir /mnt/sharp node:14-alpine3.12
-          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "apk add build-base git python3 font-noto --update-cache"
-      - run: sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm install --build-from-source --unsafe-perm"
-      - run: sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm test"
-      - run: "[[ -n $CIRCLE_TAG ]] && sudo docker exec --env prebuild_upload sharp sh -c \"npx prebuild --runtime napi --target 7 --upload=$prebuild_upload\" || true"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm run package-from-local-build"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm pkg set \"optionalDependencies.@sharpen/sharp-linux-arm64=file:./npm/linux-arm64\""
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm run clean"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm install --ignore-scripts"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm test"
   linux-arm64-musl-node-18:
     resource_class: arm.medium
     machine:
@@ -71,9 +73,33 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - checkout
       - run: |
-          sudo docker run -dit --name sharp --workdir /mnt/sharp node:18-alpine3.14
+          sudo docker run -dit --name sharp --volume "${PWD}:/mnt/sharp" --workdir /mnt/sharp node:18-alpine3.17
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "apk add build-base git python3 font-noto --update-cache"
+      - run: sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm install --build-from-source"
+      - run: sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm test"
+      - run: |
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm run package-from-local-build"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm pkg set \"optionalDependencies.@sharpen/sharp-linuxmusl-arm64=file:./npm/linuxmusl-arm64\""
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm run clean"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm install --ignore-scripts"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm test"
+      - run: "[[ -n $CIRCLE_TAG ]] && sudo docker exec --env prebuild_upload sharp sh -c \"cd src && ln -s ../package.json && npx prebuild --upload=$prebuild_upload\" || true"
+  linux-arm64-musl-node-20:
+    resource_class: arm.medium
+    machine:
+      image: ubuntu-2004:current
+    steps:
+      - checkout
+      - run: |
+          sudo docker run -dit --name sharp --workdir /mnt/sharp node:20-alpine3.18
           sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "apk add build-base git python3 font-noto --update-cache"
           sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "mkdir -p /mnt/sharp"
           sudo docker cp . sharp:/mnt/sharp/.
       - run: sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm install --build-from-source"
       - run: sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm test"
+      - run: |
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm run package-from-local-build"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm pkg set \"optionalDependencies.@sharpen/sharp-linuxmusl-arm64=file:./npm/linuxmusl-arm64\""
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm run clean"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm install --ignore-scripts"
+          sudo docker exec sharp sh -c "npm test"

.cirrus.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 freebsd_instance:
-  image_family: freebsd-14-0-snap
+  image_family: freebsd-13-2
 
 task:
   name: FreeBSD
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ task:
   prerequisites_script:
     - pkg update -f
     - pkg upgrade -y
-    - pkg install -y devel/pkgconf graphics/vips www/node16 www/npm
+    - pkg install -y devel/git devel/pkgconf graphics/vips www/node20 www/npm
   install_script:
-    - npm install --build-from-source --unsafe-perm
+    - npm install --build-from-source
   test_script:
     - npm test

.github/CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ To test C++ changes, you can compile the module using `npm install --build-from-
 
 Please add JavaScript [unit tests](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/tree/main/test/unit) to cover your new feature.
 A test coverage report for the JavaScript code is generated in the `coverage/lcov-report` directory.
+Please also update the [TypeScript definitions](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/tree/main/lib/index.d.ts), along with the [type definition tests](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/tree/main/test/types/sharp.test-d.ts).
 
 Where possible, the functional tests use gradient-based perceptual hashes
 based on [dHash](http://www.hackerfactor.com/blog/index.php?/archives/529-Kind-of-Like-That.html)

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/installation.md

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ labels: installation
 <!-- Please place an [x] in the box to confirm. -->
 
 - [ ] I have read the [documentation relating to installation](https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install).
-- [ ] I have ensured that the architecture and platform of Node.js used for `npm install` is the same as the architecture and platform of Node.js used at runtime.
 
 ### Are you using the latest version of sharp?
 
@@ -24,13 +23,25 @@ If you cannot confirm this, please upgrade to the latest version and try again b
 
 If you are using another package which depends on a version of `sharp` that is not the latest, please open an issue against that package instead.
 
-### Is this a problem with filesystem permissions?
+### Are you using a supported runtime?
 
-If you are using npm v6 or earlier and installing as a `root` or `sudo` user, have you tried with the `npm install --unsafe-perm` flag?
+<!-- Please place an [x] in the relevant box to confirm. -->
 
-If you are using npm v7 or later, does the user running `npm install` own the directory it is run in?
+- [ ] I am using Node.js 18 with a version >= 18.17.0
+- [ ] I am using Node.js 20 with a version >= 20.3.0
+- [ ] I am using Node.js 21 or later
 
-If you are using the `ignore-scripts` feature of `npm`, have you tried with the `npm install --ignore-scripts=false` flag?
+If you cannot confirm any of these, please upgrade to the latest version and try again before opening an issue.
+
+### Are you using a supported package manager?
+
+<!-- Please place an [x] in the relevant box to confirm. -->
+
+- [ ] I am using npm >= 9.6.5
+- [ ] I am using yarn >= 3.2.0
+- [ ] I am using pnpm >= 7.1.0
+
+If you cannot confirm any of these, please upgrade to the latest version and try again before opening an issue.
 
 ### What is the complete output of running `npm install --verbose --foreground-scripts sharp` in an empty directory?
 

.github/SECURITY.md

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Security Policy
+
+## Supported Versions
+
+The latest version of `sharp` as published to npm
+and reported by `npm view sharp dist-tags.latest`
+is supported with security updates.
+
+## Reporting a Vulnerability
+
+Please use
+[e-mail](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/blob/main/package.json#L5)
+to report a vulnerability.
+
+You can expect a response within 48 hours
+if you are a human reporting a genuine issue.
+
+Thank you in advance.

.github/workflows/ci-darwin-arm64v8.yml

@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-name: CI (MacStadium)
-on:
-  - push
-  - pull_request
-permissions: {}
-jobs:
-  CI:
-    permissions:
-      contents: write # for npx prebuild to make release
-    name: Node.js ${{ matrix.nodejs_version }} ${{ matrix.nodejs_arch }} ${{ matrix.prebuild && '- prebuild' }}
-    runs-on: macos-m1
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        include:
-          - nodejs_version: 14
-            nodejs_arch: x64
-          - nodejs_version: 18
-            nodejs_arch: arm64
-            prebuild: true
-    defaults:
-      run:
-        shell: /usr/bin/arch -arch arm64e /bin/bash -l {0}
-    steps:
-      - name: Dependencies (Node.js)
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
-        with:
-          node-version: ${{ matrix.nodejs_version }}
-          architecture: ${{ matrix.nodejs_arch }}
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - name: Install
-        run: npm install --build-from-source --unsafe-perm
-      - name: Test
-        run: npm test
-      - name: Prebuild
-        if: matrix.prebuild && startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
-        env:
-          prebuild_upload: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-        run: npx prebuild --runtime napi --target 7

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-name: CI (GitHub)
+name: CI
 on:
   - push
   - pull_request
 permissions: {}
 jobs:
-  CI:
+  github-runner:
     permissions:
-      contents: write # for npx prebuild to make release
-    name: ${{ matrix.container || matrix.os }} - Node.js ${{ matrix.nodejs_version }} ${{ matrix.nodejs_arch }} ${{ matrix.prebuild && '- prebuild' }}
+      contents: write
+    name: ${{ matrix.platform }} - Node.js ${{ matrix.nodejs_version_major }} ${{ matrix.prebuild && '- prebuild' }}
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     container: ${{ matrix.container }}
     strategy:
@@ -15,74 +15,82 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         include:
           - os: ubuntu-22.04
-            container: centos:7
-            nodejs_version: 14
+            container: rockylinux:8
+            nodejs_version: "^18.17.0"
+            nodejs_version_major: 18
+            platform: linux-x64
             prebuild: true
-          - os: ubuntu-22.04
-            container: centos:7
-            nodejs_version: 16
           - os: ubuntu-22.04
             container: rockylinux:8
-            nodejs_version: 18
+            nodejs_version: "^20.3.0"
+            nodejs_version_major: 20
+            platform: linux-x64
           - os: ubuntu-22.04
-            container: node:14-alpine3.12
+            container: node:18-alpine3.17
+            nodejs_version_major: 18
+            platform: linuxmusl-x64
             prebuild: true
           - os: ubuntu-22.04
-            container: node:16-alpine3.12
-          - os: ubuntu-22.04
-            container: node:18-alpine3.14
+            container: node:20-alpine3.18
+            nodejs_version_major: 20
+            platform: linuxmusl-x64
           - os: macos-11
-            nodejs_version: 14
+            nodejs_arch: x64
+            nodejs_version: "^18.17.0"
+            nodejs_version_major: 18
+            platform: darwin-x64
             prebuild: true
-            nodejs_arch: x64
           - os: macos-11
-            nodejs_version: 16
-            nodejs_arch: x64
-          - os: macos-11
-            nodejs_version: 18
             nodejs_arch: x64
+            nodejs_version: "^20.3.0"
+            nodejs_version_major: 20
+            platform: darwin-x64
           - os: windows-2019
-            nodejs_version: 14
             nodejs_arch: x86
+            nodejs_version: "^18.17.0"
+            nodejs_version_major: 18
+            platform: win32-ia32
             prebuild: true
           - os: windows-2019
-            nodejs_version: 16
             nodejs_arch: x86
+            nodejs_version: "^20.3.0"
+            nodejs_version_major: 20
+            platform: win32-ia32
           - os: windows-2019
-            nodejs_version: 18
-            nodejs_arch: x86
-          - os: windows-2019
-            nodejs_version: 14
             nodejs_arch: x64
+            nodejs_version: "^18.17.0"
+            nodejs_version_major: 18
+            platform: win32-x64
             prebuild: true
           - os: windows-2019
-            nodejs_version: 16
-            nodejs_arch: x64
-          - os: windows-2019
-            nodejs_version: 18
             nodejs_arch: x64
+            nodejs_version: "^20.3.0"
+            nodejs_version_major: 20
+            platform: win32-x64
     steps:
       - name: Dependencies (Linux glibc)
         if: contains(matrix.container, 'centos')
         run: |
-          curl -sL https://rpm.nodesource.com/setup_${{ matrix.nodejs_version }}.x | bash -
+          yum install -y https://rpm.nodesource.com/pub_${{ matrix.nodejs_version_major }}.x/nodistro/repo/nodesource-release-nodistro-1.noarch.rpm
+          yum install -y https://packages.endpointdev.com/rhel/7/os/x86_64/endpoint-repo.x86_64.rpm
           yum install -y centos-release-scl
           yum install -y devtoolset-11-gcc-c++ make git python3 nodejs fontconfig google-noto-sans-fonts
           echo "/opt/rh/devtoolset-11/root/usr/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
       - name: Dependencies (Rocky Linux glibc)
         if: contains(matrix.container, 'rockylinux')
         run: |
-          curl -sL https://rpm.nodesource.com/setup_${{ matrix.nodejs_version }}.x | bash -
-          dnf install -y gcc-toolset-11-gcc-c++ make git python3 nodejs fontconfig google-noto-sans-fonts
+          dnf install -y https://rpm.nodesource.com/pub_${{ matrix.nodejs_version_major }}.x/nodistro/repo/nodesource-release-nodistro-1.noarch.rpm
+          dnf install -y --setopt=nodesource-nodejs.module_hotfixes=1 nodejs
+          dnf install -y gcc-toolset-11-gcc-c++ make git python3 fontconfig google-noto-sans-fonts
           echo "/opt/rh/gcc-toolset-11/root/usr/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
       - name: Dependencies (Linux musl)
         if: contains(matrix.container, 'alpine')
         run: apk add build-base git python3 font-noto --update-cache
-      - name: Dependencies (Python 3.10 - macOS, Windows)
+      - name: Dependencies (Python 3.11 - macOS, Windows)
         if: contains(matrix.os, 'macos') || contains(matrix.os, 'windows')
         uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
-          python-version: '3.10'
+          python-version: '3.11'
       - name: Dependencies (Node.js - macOS, Windows)
         if: contains(matrix.os, 'macos') || contains(matrix.os, 'windows')
         uses: actions/setup-node@v3
@@ -90,16 +98,96 @@ jobs:
           node-version: ${{ matrix.nodejs_version }}
           architecture: ${{ matrix.nodejs_arch }}
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - name: Fix working directory ownership
-        if: matrix.container
-        run: chown root.root .
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Install
-        run: npm install --build-from-source --unsafe-perm
+        run: npm install --build-from-source
       - name: Test
         run: npm test
+      - name: Test packaging
+        run: |
+          npm run package-from-local-build
+          npm pkg set "optionalDependencies.@sharpen/sharp-${{ matrix.platform }}=file:./npm/${{ matrix.platform }}"
+          npm run clean
+          npm install --ignore-scripts
+          npm test
       - name: Prebuild
         if: matrix.prebuild && startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
         env:
           prebuild_upload: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-        run: npx prebuild --runtime napi --target 7
+        run: |
+          node -e "require('fs').cpSync('package.json', 'src/package.json')"
+          cd src
+          npx prebuild
+  github-runner-qemu:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    name: linux-arm - Node.js 18 - prebuild
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: uraimo/run-on-arch-action@v2
+        with:
+          arch: armv6
+          distro: buster
+          env: |
+            nodejs_version: "18.17.0"
+            prebuild_upload: "${{ startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') && secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN || '' }}"
+          run: |
+            apt-get update
+            apt-get install -y fontconfig fonts-noto-core g++ git libatomic1 make python3 xz-utils
+            mkdir /opt/nodejs
+            curl --silent https://unofficial-builds.nodejs.org/download/release/v${nodejs_version}/node-v${nodejs_version}-linux-armv6l.tar.xz | tar xJC /opt/nodejs --strip-components=1
+            export PATH=$PATH:/opt/nodejs/bin
+            npm install --build-from-source
+            npx mocha --no-config --spec=test/unit/io.js
+            npm run package-from-local-build
+            npm pkg set "optionalDependencies.@sharpen/sharp-linux-arm=file:./npm/linux-arm"
+            npm run clean
+            npm install --ignore-scripts
+            npx mocha --no-config --spec=test/unit/io.js --timeout=30000
+            [[ -n $prebuild_upload ]] && cd src && ln -s ../package.json && npx prebuild || true
+  macstadium-runner:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    name: ${{ matrix.platform }} - Node.js ${{ matrix.nodejs_version_major }} ${{ matrix.prebuild && '- prebuild' }}
+    runs-on: macos-m1
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - nodejs_arch: x64
+            nodejs_version: "^18.17.0"
+            nodejs_version_major: 18
+            platform: darwin-x64
+          - nodejs_arch: arm64
+            nodejs_version: "^18.17.0"
+            nodejs_version_major: 18
+            platform: darwin-arm64
+            prebuild: true
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        shell: /usr/bin/arch -arch arm64e /bin/bash -l {0}
+    steps:
+      - name: Dependencies (Node.js)
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+        with:
+          node-version: ${{ matrix.nodejs_version }}
+          architecture: ${{ matrix.nodejs_arch }}
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Install
+        run: npm install --build-from-source
+      - name: Test
+        run: npm test
+      - name: Test packaging
+        run: |
+          npm run package-from-local-build
+          npm pkg set "optionalDependencies.@sharpen/sharp-${{ matrix.platform }}=file:./npm/${{ matrix.platform }}"
+          npm run clean
+          npm install --ignore-scripts
+          npm test
+      - name: Prebuild
+        if: matrix.prebuild && startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
+        env:
+          prebuild_upload: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: cd src && ln -s ../package.json && npx prebuild

.github/workflows/npm.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+name: "CI: npm smoke test"
+
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - "v**"
+
+permissions: {}
+
+jobs:
+  release-smoke-test:
+    name: "${{ github.ref }} ${{ matrix.name }}"
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - name: linux-x64
+            os: ubuntu-22.04
+          - name: darwin-x64
+            os: macos-11
+          - name: win32-x64
+            os: windows-2019
+    steps:
+      - name: Install Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+        with:
+          node-version: 20
+      - name: Install pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v2
+        with:
+          version: 8
+      - name: Install Deno
+        uses: denoland/setup-deno@v1
+        with:
+          deno-version: v1.x
+      - name: Install Bun
+        if: ${{ !contains(matrix.os, 'windows') }}
+        uses: oven-sh/setup-bun@v1
+        with:
+          bun-version: latest
+
+      - name: Version
+        id: version
+        uses: actions/github-script@v6
+        with:
+          script: |
+            core.setOutput('semver', context.ref.replace('refs/tags/v',''))
+      - name: Create package.json
+        uses: DamianReeves/write-file-action@v1.2
+        with:
+          path: package.json
+          contents: |
+            {
+              "dependencies": {
+                "sharp": "${{ steps.version.outputs.semver }}"
+              }
+            }
+      - name: Create release.mjs
+        uses: DamianReeves/write-file-action@v1.2
+        with:
+          path: release.mjs
+          contents: |
+            import { createRequire } from 'node:module';
+            import { deepStrictEqual } from 'node:assert';
+            const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+            const sharp = require('sharp');
+            deepStrictEqual(['.jpg', '.jpeg', '.jpe'], sharp.format.jpeg.input.fileSuffix);
+
+      - name: Run with Node.js + npm
+        run: |
+          npm install --ignore-scripts
+          node release.mjs
+          rm -r node_modules/ package-lock.json
+
+      - name: Run with Node.js + pnpm
+        run: |
+          pnpm install --ignore-scripts
+          node release.mjs
+          rm -r node_modules/ pnpm-lock.yaml
+
+      - name: Run with Node.js + yarn
+        run: |
+          corepack enable
+          yarn set version stable
+          yarn config set enableScripts false
+          yarn config set nodeLinker node-modules
+          yarn install
+          node release.mjs
+          rm -r node_modules/ .yarn/ yarn.lock .yarnrc.yml
+          corepack disable
+
+      - name: Run with Deno
+        run: deno run --allow-read --allow-ffi release.mjs
+
+      - name: Run with Bun
+        if: ${{ !contains(matrix.os, 'windows') }}
+        run: |
+          bun install --ignore-scripts
+          bun release.mjs

.gitignore

@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
-build
+src/build
+src/node_modules
 node_modules
 /coverage
+npm/*/*
+!npm/*/package.json
 test/bench/node_modules
 test/fixtures/output*
+test/fixtures/vips-properties.xml
 test/leak/libvips.supp
 test/saliency/report.json
 test/saliency/Image*
 test/saliency/[Uu]serData*
 !test/saliency/userData.js
-vendor
 .gitattributes
 .DS_Store
 .nyc_output

.mocharc.jsonc

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+  "parallel": true,
+  "slow": 1000,
+  "timeout": 30000,
+  "require": "./test/beforeEach.js",
+  "spec": "./test/unit/*.js"
+}

.prebuildrc

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 {
-  "include-regex": "(sharp-.+\\.node|libvips-cpp\\.dll)",
+  "runtime": "napi",
+  "include-regex": "(sharp-.+\\.node|libvips-.+\\.dll|libglib-.+\\.dll|libgobject-.+\\.dll)",
+  "prerelease": true,
   "strip": true
 }

README.md

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Lanczos resampling ensures quality is not sacrificed for speed.
 As well as image resizing, operations such as
 rotation, extraction, compositing and gamma correction are available.
 
-Most modern macOS, Windows and Linux systems running Node.js >= 14.15.0
+Most modern macOS, Windows and Linux systems running Node.js >= 18.17.0
 do not require any additional install or runtime dependencies.
 
 ## Documentation
@@ -98,11 +98,9 @@ readableStream
 A [guide for contributors](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/blob/main/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md)
 covers reporting bugs, requesting features and submitting code changes.
 
-[![Node-API v5](https://img.shields.io/badge/Node--API-v5-green.svg)](https://nodejs.org/dist/latest/docs/api/n-api.html#n_api_n_api_version_matrix)
-
 ## Licensing
 
-Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 Lovell Fuller and contributors.
+Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
 
 Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

docs/README.md

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ covers reporting bugs, requesting features and submitting code changes.
 
 ### Licensing
 
-Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 Lovell Fuller and contributors.
+Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
 
 Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

docs/api-channel.md

@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
-<!-- Generated by documentation.js. Update this documentation by updating the source code. -->
-
 ## removeAlpha
+> removeAlpha() ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Remove alpha channel, if any. This is a no-op if the image does not have an alpha channel.
 
-See also [flatten][1].
+See also [flatten](/api-operation#flatten).
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp('rgba.png')
   .removeAlpha()
   .toFile('rgb.png', function(err, info) {
@@ -16,61 +15,66 @@ sharp('rgba.png')
   });
 ```
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## ensureAlpha
+> ensureAlpha([alpha]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Ensure the output image has an alpha transparency channel.
 If missing, the added alpha channel will have the specified
 transparency level, defaulting to fully-opaque (1).
 This is a no-op if the image already has an alpha channel.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `alpha` **[number][2]** alpha transparency level (0=fully-transparent, 1=fully-opaque) (optional, default `1`)
+**Throws**:
 
-### Examples
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid alpha transparency level
 
-```javascript
+**Since**: 0.21.2  
+
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [alpha] | <code>number</code> | <code>1</code> | alpha transparency level (0=fully-transparent, 1=fully-opaque) |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 // rgba.png will be a 4 channel image with a fully-opaque alpha channel
 await sharp('rgb.jpg')
   .ensureAlpha()
   .toFile('rgba.png')
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // rgba is a 4 channel image with a fully-transparent alpha channel
 const rgba = await sharp(rgb)
   .ensureAlpha(0)
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][3]** Invalid alpha transparency level
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
-
-**Meta**
-
-*   **since**: 0.21.2
 
 ## extractChannel
+> extractChannel(channel) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Extract a single channel from a multi-channel image.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `channel` **([number][2] | [string][4])** zero-indexed channel/band number to extract, or `red`, `green`, `blue` or `alpha`.
+**Throws**:
 
-### Examples
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid channel
 
-```javascript
+
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| channel | <code>number</code> \| <code>string</code> | zero-indexed channel/band number to extract, or `red`, `green`, `blue` or `alpha`. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 // green.jpg is a greyscale image containing the green channel of the input
 await sharp(input)
   .extractChannel('green')
   .toFile('green.jpg');
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // red1 is the red value of the first pixel, red2 the second pixel etc.
 const [red1, red2, ...] = await sharp(input)
   .extractChannel(0)
@@ -78,45 +82,50 @@ const [red1, red2, ...] = await sharp(input)
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][3]** Invalid channel
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## joinChannel
+> joinChannel(images, options) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Join one or more channels to the image.
 The meaning of the added channels depends on the output colourspace, set with `toColourspace()`.
 By default the output image will be web-friendly sRGB, with additional channels interpreted as alpha channels.
 Channel ordering follows vips convention:
-
-*   sRGB: 0: Red, 1: Green, 2: Blue, 3: Alpha.
-*   CMYK: 0: Magenta, 1: Cyan, 2: Yellow, 3: Black, 4: Alpha.
+- sRGB: 0: Red, 1: Green, 2: Blue, 3: Alpha.
+- CMYK: 0: Magenta, 1: Cyan, 2: Yellow, 3: Black, 4: Alpha.
 
 Buffers may be any of the image formats supported by sharp.
 For raw pixel input, the `options` object should contain a `raw` attribute, which follows the format of the attribute of the same name in the `sharp()` constructor.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `images` **([Array][5]<([string][4] | [Buffer][6])> | [string][4] | [Buffer][6])** one or more images (file paths, Buffers).
-*   `options` **[Object][7]** image options, see `sharp()` constructor.
+**Throws**:
 
-<!---->
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
+
+
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| images | <code>Array.&lt;(string\|Buffer)&gt;</code> \| <code>string</code> \| <code>Buffer</code> | one or more images (file paths, Buffers). |
+| options | <code>Object</code> | image options, see `sharp()` constructor. |
 
-*   Throws **[Error][3]** Invalid parameters
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## bandbool
+> bandbool(boolOp) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Perform a bitwise boolean operation on all input image channels (bands) to produce a single channel output image.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `boolOp` **[string][4]** one of `and`, `or` or `eor` to perform that bitwise operation, like the C logic operators `&`, `|` and `^` respectively.
+**Throws**:
 
-### Examples
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-```javascript
+
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| boolOp | <code>string</code> | one of `and`, `or` or `eor` to perform that bitwise operation, like the C logic operators `&`, `|` and `^` respectively. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp('3-channel-rgb-input.png')
   .bandbool(sharp.bool.and)
   .toFile('1-channel-output.png', function (err, info) {
@@ -124,22 +133,4 @@ sharp('3-channel-rgb-input.png')
     // If `I(1,1) = [247, 170, 14] = [0b11110111, 0b10101010, 0b00001111]`
     // then `O(1,1) = 0b11110111 & 0b10101010 & 0b00001111 = 0b00000010 = 2`.
   });
-```
-
-*   Throws **[Error][3]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
-
-[1]: /api-operation#flatten
-
-[2]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number
-
-[3]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error
-
-[4]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String
-
-[5]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array
-
-[6]: https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html
-
-[7]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object
+```

docs/api-colour.md

@@ -1,27 +1,29 @@
-<!-- Generated by documentation.js. Update this documentation by updating the source code. -->
-
 ## tint
+> tint(rgb) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Tint the image using the provided chroma while preserving the image luminance.
 An alpha channel may be present and will be unchanged by the operation.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `rgb` **([string][1] | [Object][2])** parsed by the [color][3] module to extract chroma values.
+**Throws**:
 
-### Examples
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameter
 
-```javascript
+
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| rgb | <code>string</code> \| <code>Object</code> | parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module to extract chroma values. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 const output = await sharp(input)
   .tint({ r: 255, g: 240, b: 16 })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid parameter
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## greyscale
+> greyscale([greyscale]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Convert to 8-bit greyscale; 256 shades of grey.
 This is a linear operation. If the input image is in a non-linear colour space such as sRGB, use `gamma()` with `greyscale()` for the best results.
@@ -30,44 +32,55 @@ This may be overridden by other sharp operations such as `toColourspace('b-w')`,
 which will produce an output image containing one color channel.
 An alpha channel may be present, and will be unchanged by the operation.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `greyscale` **[Boolean][5]**  (optional, default `true`)
 
-### Examples
+| Param | Type | Default |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [greyscale] | <code>Boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | 
 
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const output = await sharp(input).greyscale().toBuffer();
 ```
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## grayscale
+> grayscale([grayscale]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Alternative spelling of `greyscale`.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `grayscale` **[Boolean][5]**  (optional, default `true`)
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
+| Param | Type | Default |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [grayscale] | <code>Boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | 
+
+
 
 ## pipelineColourspace
+> pipelineColourspace([colourspace]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Set the pipeline colourspace.
 
 The input image will be converted to the provided colourspace at the start of the pipeline.
-All operations will use this colourspace before converting to the output colourspace, as defined by [toColourspace][6].
+All operations will use this colourspace before converting to the output colourspace,
+as defined by [toColourspace](#tocolourspace).
 
 This feature is experimental and has not yet been fully-tested with all operations.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `colourspace` **[string][1]?** pipeline colourspace e.g. `rgb16`, `scrgb`, `lab`, `grey16` [...][7]
+**Throws**:
 
-### Examples
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-```javascript
+**Since**: 0.29.0  
+
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [colourspace] | <code>string</code> | pipeline colourspace e.g. `rgb16`, `scrgb`, `lab`, `grey16` [...](https://github.com/libvips/libvips/blob/41cff4e9d0838498487a00623462204eb10ee5b8/libvips/iofuncs/enumtypes.c#L774) |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Run pipeline in 16 bits per channel RGB while converting final result to 8 bits per channel sRGB.
 await sharp(input)
  .pipelineColourspace('rgb16')
@@ -75,76 +88,60 @@ await sharp(input)
  .toFile('16bpc-pipeline-to-8bpc-output.png')
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
-
-**Meta**
-
-*   **since**: 0.29.0
 
 ## pipelineColorspace
+> pipelineColorspace([colorspace]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Alternative spelling of `pipelineColourspace`.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `colorspace` **[string][1]?** pipeline colorspace.
+**Throws**:
 
-<!---->
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
+
+
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [colorspace] | <code>string</code> | pipeline colorspace. |
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid parameters
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## toColourspace
+> toColourspace([colourspace]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Set the output colourspace.
 By default output image will be web-friendly sRGB, with additional channels interpreted as alpha channels.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `colourspace` **[string][1]?** output colourspace e.g. `srgb`, `rgb`, `cmyk`, `lab`, `b-w` [...][8]
+**Throws**:
 
-### Examples
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-```javascript
+
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [colourspace] | <code>string</code> | output colourspace e.g. `srgb`, `rgb`, `cmyk`, `lab`, `b-w` [...](https://github.com/libvips/libvips/blob/3c0bfdf74ce1dc37a6429bed47fa76f16e2cd70a/libvips/iofuncs/enumtypes.c#L777-L794) |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Output 16 bits per pixel RGB
 await sharp(input)
  .toColourspace('rgb16')
  .toFile('16-bpp.png')
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## toColorspace
+> toColorspace([colorspace]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Alternative spelling of `toColourspace`.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `colorspace` **[string][1]?** output colorspace.
+**Throws**:
 
-<!---->
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid parameters
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
-
-[1]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String
-
-[2]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object
-
-[3]: https://www.npmjs.org/package/color
-
-[4]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error
-
-[5]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean
-
-[6]: #tocolourspace
-
-[7]: https://github.com/libvips/libvips/blob/41cff4e9d0838498487a00623462204eb10ee5b8/libvips/iofuncs/enumtypes.c#L774
-
-[8]: https://github.com/libvips/libvips/blob/3c0bfdf74ce1dc37a6429bed47fa76f16e2cd70a/libvips/iofuncs/enumtypes.c#L777-L794
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [colorspace] | <code>string</code> | output colorspace. |

docs/api-composite.md

@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
-<!-- Generated by documentation.js. Update this documentation by updating the source code. -->
-
 ## composite
+> composite(images) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Composite image(s) over the processed (resized, extracted etc.) image.
 
 The images to composite must be the same size or smaller than the processed image.
 If both `top` and `left` options are provided, they take precedence over `gravity`.
 
-Any resize or rotate operations in the same processing pipeline
+Any resize, rotate or extract operations in the same processing pipeline
 will always be applied to the input image before composition.
 
 The `blend` option can be one of `clear`, `source`, `over`, `in`, `out`, `atop`,
@@ -17,52 +16,53 @@ The `blend` option can be one of `clear`, `source`, `over`, `in`, `out`, `atop`,
 `hard-light`, `soft-light`, `difference`, `exclusion`.
 
 More information about blend modes can be found at
-[https://www.libvips.org/API/current/libvips-conversion.html#VipsBlendMode][1]
-and [https://www.cairographics.org/operators/][2]
+https://www.libvips.org/API/current/libvips-conversion.html#VipsBlendMode
+and https://www.cairographics.org/operators/
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `images` **[Array][3]<[Object][4]>** Ordered list of images to composite
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `images[].input` **([Buffer][5] | [String][6])?** Buffer containing image data, String containing the path to an image file, or Create object (see below)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-        *   `images[].input.create` **[Object][4]?** describes a blank overlay to be created.
+**Since**: 0.22.0  
 
-            *   `images[].input.create.width` **[Number][7]?**&#x20;
-            *   `images[].input.create.height` **[Number][7]?**&#x20;
-            *   `images[].input.create.channels` **[Number][7]?** 3-4
-            *   `images[].input.create.background` **([String][6] | [Object][4])?** parsed by the [color][8] module to extract values for red, green, blue and alpha.
-        *   `images[].input.text` **[Object][4]?** describes a new text image to be created.
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| images | <code>Array.&lt;Object&gt;</code> |  | Ordered list of images to composite |
+| [images[].input] | <code>Buffer</code> \| <code>String</code> |  | Buffer containing image data, String containing the path to an image file, or Create object (see below) |
+| [images[].input.create] | <code>Object</code> |  | describes a blank overlay to be created. |
+| [images[].input.create.width] | <code>Number</code> |  |  |
+| [images[].input.create.height] | <code>Number</code> |  |  |
+| [images[].input.create.channels] | <code>Number</code> |  | 3-4 |
+| [images[].input.create.background] | <code>String</code> \| <code>Object</code> |  | parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module to extract values for red, green, blue and alpha. |
+| [images[].input.text] | <code>Object</code> |  | describes a new text image to be created. |
+| [images[].input.text.text] | <code>string</code> |  | text to render as a UTF-8 string. It can contain Pango markup, for example `<i>Le</i>Monde`. |
+| [images[].input.text.font] | <code>string</code> |  | font name to render with. |
+| [images[].input.text.fontfile] | <code>string</code> |  | absolute filesystem path to a font file that can be used by `font`. |
+| [images[].input.text.width] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | integral number of pixels to word-wrap at. Lines of text wider than this will be broken at word boundaries. |
+| [images[].input.text.height] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | integral number of pixels high. When defined, `dpi` will be ignored and the text will automatically fit the pixel resolution defined by `width` and `height`. Will be ignored if `width` is not specified or set to 0. |
+| [images[].input.text.align] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;left&#x27;&quot;</code> | text alignment (`'left'`, `'centre'`, `'center'`, `'right'`). |
+| [images[].input.text.justify] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | set this to true to apply justification to the text. |
+| [images[].input.text.dpi] | <code>number</code> | <code>72</code> | the resolution (size) at which to render the text. Does not take effect if `height` is specified. |
+| [images[].input.text.rgba] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | set this to true to enable RGBA output. This is useful for colour emoji rendering, or support for Pango markup features like `<span foreground="red">Red!</span>`. |
+| [images[].input.text.spacing] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | text line height in points. Will use the font line height if none is specified. |
+| [images[].blend] | <code>String</code> | <code>&#x27;over&#x27;</code> | how to blend this image with the image below. |
+| [images[].gravity] | <code>String</code> | <code>&#x27;centre&#x27;</code> | gravity at which to place the overlay. |
+| [images[].top] | <code>Number</code> |  | the pixel offset from the top edge. |
+| [images[].left] | <code>Number</code> |  | the pixel offset from the left edge. |
+| [images[].tile] | <code>Boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | set to true to repeat the overlay image across the entire image with the given `gravity`. |
+| [images[].premultiplied] | <code>Boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | set to true to avoid premultiplying the image below. Equivalent to the `--premultiplied` vips option. |
+| [images[].density] | <code>Number</code> | <code>72</code> | number representing the DPI for vector overlay image. |
+| [images[].raw] | <code>Object</code> |  | describes overlay when using raw pixel data. |
+| [images[].raw.width] | <code>Number</code> |  |  |
+| [images[].raw.height] | <code>Number</code> |  |  |
+| [images[].raw.channels] | <code>Number</code> |  |  |
+| [images[].animated] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | Set to `true` to read all frames/pages of an animated image. |
+| [images[].failOn] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;warning&#x27;&quot;</code> | @see [constructor parameters](/api-constructor#parameters) |
+| [images[].limitInputPixels] | <code>number</code> \| <code>boolean</code> | <code>268402689</code> | @see [constructor parameters](/api-constructor#parameters) |
 
-            *   `images[].input.text.text` **[string][6]?** text to render as a UTF-8 string. It can contain Pango markup, for example `<i>Le</i>Monde`.
-            *   `images[].input.text.font` **[string][6]?** font name to render with.
-            *   `images[].input.text.fontfile` **[string][6]?** absolute filesystem path to a font file that can be used by `font`.
-            *   `images[].input.text.width` **[number][7]** integral number of pixels to word-wrap at. Lines of text wider than this will be broken at word boundaries. (optional, default `0`)
-            *   `images[].input.text.height` **[number][7]** integral number of pixels high. When defined, `dpi` will be ignored and the text will automatically fit the pixel resolution defined by `width` and `height`. Will be ignored if `width` is not specified or set to 0. (optional, default `0`)
-            *   `images[].input.text.align` **[string][6]** text alignment (`'left'`, `'centre'`, `'center'`, `'right'`). (optional, default `'left'`)
-            *   `images[].input.text.justify` **[boolean][9]** set this to true to apply justification to the text. (optional, default `false`)
-            *   `images[].input.text.dpi` **[number][7]** the resolution (size) at which to render the text. Does not take effect if `height` is specified. (optional, default `72`)
-            *   `images[].input.text.rgba` **[boolean][9]** set this to true to enable RGBA output. This is useful for colour emoji rendering, or support for pango markup features like `<span foreground="red">Red!</span>`. (optional, default `false`)
-            *   `images[].input.text.spacing` **[number][7]** text line height in points. Will use the font line height if none is specified. (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `images[].blend` **[String][6]** how to blend this image with the image below. (optional, default `'over'`)
-    *   `images[].gravity` **[String][6]** gravity at which to place the overlay. (optional, default `'centre'`)
-    *   `images[].top` **[Number][7]?** the pixel offset from the top edge.
-    *   `images[].left` **[Number][7]?** the pixel offset from the left edge.
-    *   `images[].tile` **[Boolean][9]** set to true to repeat the overlay image across the entire image with the given `gravity`. (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `images[].premultiplied` **[Boolean][9]** set to true to avoid premultipling the image below. Equivalent to the `--premultiplied` vips option. (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `images[].density` **[Number][7]** number representing the DPI for vector overlay image. (optional, default `72`)
-    *   `images[].raw` **[Object][4]?** describes overlay when using raw pixel data.
-
-        *   `images[].raw.width` **[Number][7]?**&#x20;
-        *   `images[].raw.height` **[Number][7]?**&#x20;
-        *   `images[].raw.channels` **[Number][7]?**&#x20;
-    *   `images[].animated` **[boolean][9]** Set to `true` to read all frames/pages of an animated image. (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `images[].failOn` **[string][6]** @see [constructor parameters][10] (optional, default `'warning'`)
-    *   `images[].limitInputPixels` **([number][7] | [boolean][9])** @see [constructor parameters][10] (optional, default `268402689`)
-
-### Examples
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 await sharp(background)
   .composite([
     { input: layer1, gravity: 'northwest' },
@@ -70,16 +70,16 @@ await sharp(background)
   ])
   .toFile('combined.png');
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const output = await sharp('input.gif', { animated: true })
   .composite([
     { input: 'overlay.png', tile: true, blend: 'saturate' }
   ])
   .toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp('input.png')
   .rotate(180)
   .resize(300)
@@ -94,34 +94,4 @@ sharp('input.png')
     // onto orange background, composited with overlay.png with SE gravity,
     // sharpened, with metadata, 90% quality WebP image data. Phew!
   });
-```
-
-*   Throws **[Error][11]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
-
-**Meta**
-
-*   **since**: 0.22.0
-
-[1]: https://www.libvips.org/API/current/libvips-conversion.html#VipsBlendMode
-
-[2]: https://www.cairographics.org/operators/
-
-[3]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array
-
-[4]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object
-
-[5]: https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html
-
-[6]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String
-
-[7]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number
-
-[8]: https://www.npmjs.org/package/color
-
-[9]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean
-
-[10]: /api-constructor#parameters
-
-[11]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error
+```

docs/api-constructor.md

@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
-<!-- Generated by documentation.js. Update this documentation by updating the source code. -->
-
 ## Sharp
+> Sharp
+
+
+**Emits**: <code>Sharp#event:info</code>, <code>Sharp#event:warning</code>  
+<a name="new_Sharp_new"></a>
+
+### new
+> new Sharp([input], [options])
 
 Constructor factory to create an instance of `sharp`, to which further methods are chained.
 
@@ -9,64 +15,57 @@ When using Stream based output, derived attributes are available from the `info`
 
 Non-critical problems encountered during processing are emitted as `warning` events.
 
-Implements the [stream.Duplex][1] class.
+Implements the [stream.Duplex](http://nodejs.org/api/stream.html#stream_class_stream_duplex) class.
 
-### Parameters
+**Throws**:
 
-*   `input` **([Buffer][2] | [Uint8Array][3] | [Uint8ClampedArray][4] | [Int8Array][5] | [Uint16Array][6] | [Int16Array][7] | [Uint32Array][8] | [Int32Array][9] | [Float32Array][10] | [Float64Array][11] | [string][12])?** if present, can be
-    a Buffer / Uint8Array / Uint8ClampedArray containing JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, GIF, SVG or TIFF image data, or
-    a TypedArray containing raw pixel image data, or
-    a String containing the filesystem path to an JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, GIF, SVG or TIFF image file.
-    JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, GIF, SVG, TIFF or raw pixel image data can be streamed into the object when not present.
-*   `options` **[Object][13]?** if present, is an Object with optional attributes.
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-    *   `options.failOn` **[string][12]** level of sensitivity to invalid images, one of (in order of sensitivity): 'none' (least), 'truncated', 'error' or 'warning' (most), highers level imply lower levels. (optional, default `'warning'`)
-    *   `options.limitInputPixels` **([number][14] | [boolean][15])** Do not process input images where the number of pixels
-        (width x height) exceeds this limit. Assumes image dimensions contained in the input metadata can be trusted.
-        An integral Number of pixels, zero or false to remove limit, true to use default limit of 268402689 (0x3FFF x 0x3FFF). (optional, default `268402689`)
-    *   `options.unlimited` **[boolean][15]** Set this to `true` to remove safety features that help prevent memory exhaustion (JPEG, PNG, SVG, HEIF). (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.sequentialRead` **[boolean][15]** Set this to `true` to use sequential rather than random access where possible.
-        This can reduce memory usage and might improve performance on some systems. (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.density` **[number][14]** number representing the DPI for vector images in the range 1 to 100000. (optional, default `72`)
-    *   `options.pages` **[number][14]** number of pages to extract for multi-page input (GIF, WebP, AVIF, TIFF, PDF), use -1 for all pages. (optional, default `1`)
-    *   `options.page` **[number][14]** page number to start extracting from for multi-page input (GIF, WebP, AVIF, TIFF, PDF), zero based. (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.subifd` **[number][14]** subIFD (Sub Image File Directory) to extract for OME-TIFF, defaults to main image. (optional, default `-1`)
-    *   `options.level` **[number][14]** level to extract from a multi-level input (OpenSlide), zero based. (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.animated` **[boolean][15]** Set to `true` to read all frames/pages of an animated image (equivalent of setting `pages` to `-1`). (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.raw` **[Object][13]?** describes raw pixel input image data. See `raw()` for pixel ordering.
 
-        *   `options.raw.width` **[number][14]?** integral number of pixels wide.
-        *   `options.raw.height` **[number][14]?** integral number of pixels high.
-        *   `options.raw.channels` **[number][14]?** integral number of channels, between 1 and 4.
-        *   `options.raw.premultiplied` **[boolean][15]?** specifies that the raw input has already been premultiplied, set to `true`
-            to avoid sharp premultiplying the image. (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.create` **[Object][13]?** describes a new image to be created.
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [input] | <code>Buffer</code> \| <code>ArrayBuffer</code> \| <code>Uint8Array</code> \| <code>Uint8ClampedArray</code> \| <code>Int8Array</code> \| <code>Uint16Array</code> \| <code>Int16Array</code> \| <code>Uint32Array</code> \| <code>Int32Array</code> \| <code>Float32Array</code> \| <code>Float64Array</code> \| <code>string</code> |  | if present, can be  a Buffer / ArrayBuffer / Uint8Array / Uint8ClampedArray containing JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, GIF, SVG or TIFF image data, or  a TypedArray containing raw pixel image data, or  a String containing the filesystem path to an JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, GIF, SVG or TIFF image file.  JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, GIF, SVG, TIFF or raw pixel image data can be streamed into the object when not present. |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  | if present, is an Object with optional attributes. |
+| [options.failOn] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;warning&#x27;&quot;</code> | when to abort processing of invalid pixel data, one of (in order of sensitivity): 'none' (least), 'truncated', 'error' or 'warning' (most), higher levels imply lower levels, invalid metadata will always abort. |
+| [options.limitInputPixels] | <code>number</code> \| <code>boolean</code> | <code>268402689</code> | Do not process input images where the number of pixels  (width x height) exceeds this limit. Assumes image dimensions contained in the input metadata can be trusted.  An integral Number of pixels, zero or false to remove limit, true to use default limit of 268402689 (0x3FFF x 0x3FFF). |
+| [options.unlimited] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | Set this to `true` to remove safety features that help prevent memory exhaustion (JPEG, PNG, SVG, HEIF). |
+| [options.sequentialRead] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | Set this to `false` to use random access rather than sequential read. Some operations will do this automatically. |
+| [options.density] | <code>number</code> | <code>72</code> | number representing the DPI for vector images in the range 1 to 100000. |
+| [options.ignoreIcc] | <code>number</code> | <code>false</code> | should the embedded ICC profile, if any, be ignored. |
+| [options.pages] | <code>number</code> | <code>1</code> | Number of pages to extract for multi-page input (GIF, WebP, TIFF), use -1 for all pages. |
+| [options.page] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | Page number to start extracting from for multi-page input (GIF, WebP, TIFF), zero based. |
+| [options.subifd] | <code>number</code> | <code>-1</code> | subIFD (Sub Image File Directory) to extract for OME-TIFF, defaults to main image. |
+| [options.level] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | level to extract from a multi-level input (OpenSlide), zero based. |
+| [options.animated] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | Set to `true` to read all frames/pages of an animated image (GIF, WebP, TIFF), equivalent of setting `pages` to `-1`. |
+| [options.raw] | <code>Object</code> |  | describes raw pixel input image data. See `raw()` for pixel ordering. |
+| [options.raw.width] | <code>number</code> |  | integral number of pixels wide. |
+| [options.raw.height] | <code>number</code> |  | integral number of pixels high. |
+| [options.raw.channels] | <code>number</code> |  | integral number of channels, between 1 and 4. |
+| [options.raw.premultiplied] | <code>boolean</code> |  | specifies that the raw input has already been premultiplied, set to `true`  to avoid sharp premultiplying the image. (optional, default `false`) |
+| [options.create] | <code>Object</code> |  | describes a new image to be created. |
+| [options.create.width] | <code>number</code> |  | integral number of pixels wide. |
+| [options.create.height] | <code>number</code> |  | integral number of pixels high. |
+| [options.create.channels] | <code>number</code> |  | integral number of channels, either 3 (RGB) or 4 (RGBA). |
+| [options.create.background] | <code>string</code> \| <code>Object</code> |  | parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module to extract values for red, green, blue and alpha. |
+| [options.create.noise] | <code>Object</code> |  | describes a noise to be created. |
+| [options.create.noise.type] | <code>string</code> |  | type of generated noise, currently only `gaussian` is supported. |
+| [options.create.noise.mean] | <code>number</code> |  | mean of pixels in generated noise. |
+| [options.create.noise.sigma] | <code>number</code> |  | standard deviation of pixels in generated noise. |
+| [options.text] | <code>Object</code> |  | describes a new text image to be created. |
+| [options.text.text] | <code>string</code> |  | text to render as a UTF-8 string. It can contain Pango markup, for example `<i>Le</i>Monde`. |
+| [options.text.font] | <code>string</code> |  | font name to render with. |
+| [options.text.fontfile] | <code>string</code> |  | absolute filesystem path to a font file that can be used by `font`. |
+| [options.text.width] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | Integral number of pixels to word-wrap at. Lines of text wider than this will be broken at word boundaries. |
+| [options.text.height] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | Maximum integral number of pixels high. When defined, `dpi` will be ignored and the text will automatically fit the pixel resolution defined by `width` and `height`. Will be ignored if `width` is not specified or set to 0. |
+| [options.text.align] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;left&#x27;&quot;</code> | Alignment style for multi-line text (`'left'`, `'centre'`, `'center'`, `'right'`). |
+| [options.text.justify] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | set this to true to apply justification to the text. |
+| [options.text.dpi] | <code>number</code> | <code>72</code> | the resolution (size) at which to render the text. Does not take effect if `height` is specified. |
+| [options.text.rgba] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | set this to true to enable RGBA output. This is useful for colour emoji rendering, or support for pango markup features like `<span foreground="red">Red!</span>`. |
+| [options.text.spacing] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | text line height in points. Will use the font line height if none is specified. |
+| [options.text.wrap] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;word&#x27;&quot;</code> | word wrapping style when width is provided, one of: 'word', 'char', 'charWord' (prefer char, fallback to word) or 'none'. |
 
-        *   `options.create.width` **[number][14]?** integral number of pixels wide.
-        *   `options.create.height` **[number][14]?** integral number of pixels high.
-        *   `options.create.channels` **[number][14]?** integral number of channels, either 3 (RGB) or 4 (RGBA).
-        *   `options.create.background` **([string][12] | [Object][13])?** parsed by the [color][16] module to extract values for red, green, blue and alpha.
-        *   `options.create.noise` **[Object][13]?** describes a noise to be created.
-
-            *   `options.create.noise.type` **[string][12]?** type of generated noise, currently only `gaussian` is supported.
-            *   `options.create.noise.mean` **[number][14]?** mean of pixels in generated noise.
-            *   `options.create.noise.sigma` **[number][14]?** standard deviation of pixels in generated noise.
-    *   `options.text` **[Object][13]?** describes a new text image to be created.
-
-        *   `options.text.text` **[string][12]?** text to render as a UTF-8 string. It can contain Pango markup, for example `<i>Le</i>Monde`.
-        *   `options.text.font` **[string][12]?** font name to render with.
-        *   `options.text.fontfile` **[string][12]?** absolute filesystem path to a font file that can be used by `font`.
-        *   `options.text.width` **[number][14]** integral number of pixels to word-wrap at. Lines of text wider than this will be broken at word boundaries. (optional, default `0`)
-        *   `options.text.height` **[number][14]** integral number of pixels high. When defined, `dpi` will be ignored and the text will automatically fit the pixel resolution defined by `width` and `height`. Will be ignored if `width` is not specified or set to 0. (optional, default `0`)
-        *   `options.text.align` **[string][12]** text alignment (`'left'`, `'centre'`, `'center'`, `'right'`). (optional, default `'left'`)
-        *   `options.text.justify` **[boolean][15]** set this to true to apply justification to the text. (optional, default `false`)
-        *   `options.text.dpi` **[number][14]** the resolution (size) at which to render the text. Does not take effect if `height` is specified. (optional, default `72`)
-        *   `options.text.rgba` **[boolean][15]** set this to true to enable RGBA output. This is useful for colour emoji rendering, or support for pango markup features like `<span foreground="red">Red!</span>`. (optional, default `false`)
-        *   `options.text.spacing` **[number][14]** text line height in points. Will use the font line height if none is specified. (optional, default `0`)
-
-### Examples
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp('input.jpg')
   .resize(300, 200)
   .toFile('output.jpg', function(err) {
@@ -74,8 +73,8 @@ sharp('input.jpg')
     // containing a scaled and cropped version of input.jpg
   });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Read image data from readableStream,
 // resize to 300 pixels wide,
 // emit an 'info' event with calculated dimensions
@@ -87,9 +86,9 @@ var transformer = sharp()
   });
 readableStream.pipe(transformer).pipe(writableStream);
 ```
-
-```javascript
-// Create a blank 300x200 PNG image of semi-transluent red pixels
+**Example**  
+```js
+// Create a blank 300x200 PNG image of semi-translucent red pixels
 sharp({
   create: {
     width: 300,
@@ -102,13 +101,13 @@ sharp({
 .toBuffer()
 .then( ... );
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Convert an animated GIF to an animated WebP
 await sharp('in.gif', { animated: true }).toFile('out.webp');
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Read a raw array of pixels and save it to a png
 const input = Uint8Array.from([255, 255, 255, 0, 0, 0]); // or Uint8ClampedArray
 const image = sharp(input, {
@@ -122,8 +121,8 @@ const image = sharp(input, {
 });
 await image.toFile('my-two-pixels.png');
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Generate RGB Gaussian noise
 await sharp({
   create: {
@@ -138,8 +137,8 @@ await sharp({
  }
 }).toFile('noise.png');
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Generate an image from text
 await sharp({
   text: {
@@ -149,8 +148,8 @@ await sharp({
   }
 }).toFile('text_bw.png');
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Generate an rgba image from text using pango markup and font
 await sharp({
   text: {
@@ -162,19 +161,17 @@ await sharp({
 }).toFile('text_rgba.png');
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][17]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **[Sharp][18]**&#x20;
 
 ## clone
+> clone() ⇒ [<code>Sharp</code>](#Sharp)
 
 Take a "snapshot" of the Sharp instance, returning a new instance.
 Cloned instances inherit the input of their parent instance.
 This allows multiple output Streams and therefore multiple processing pipelines to share a single input Stream.
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const pipeline = sharp().rotate();
 pipeline.clone().resize(800, 600).pipe(firstWritableStream);
 pipeline.clone().extract({ left: 20, top: 20, width: 100, height: 100 }).pipe(secondWritableStream);
@@ -182,8 +179,8 @@ readableStream.pipe(pipeline);
 // firstWritableStream receives auto-rotated, resized readableStream
 // secondWritableStream receives auto-rotated, extracted region of readableStream
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Create a pipeline that will download an image, resize it and format it to different files
 // Using Promises to know when the pipeline is complete
 const fs = require("fs");
@@ -228,42 +225,4 @@ Promise.all(promises)
       fs.unlinkSync("optimized-500.webp");
     } catch (e) {}
   });
-```
-
-Returns **[Sharp][18]**&#x20;
-
-[1]: http://nodejs.org/api/stream.html#stream_class_stream_duplex
-
-[2]: https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html
-
-[3]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Uint8Array
-
-[4]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Uint8ClampedArray
-
-[5]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Int8Array
-
-[6]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Uint16Array
-
-[7]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Int16Array
-
-[8]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Uint32Array
-
-[9]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Int32Array
-
-[10]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Float32Array
-
-[11]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Float64Array
-
-[12]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String
-
-[13]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object
-
-[14]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number
-
-[15]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean
-
-[16]: https://www.npmjs.org/package/color
-
-[17]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error
-
-[18]: #sharp
+```

docs/api-input.md

@@ -1,57 +1,60 @@
-<!-- Generated by documentation.js. Update this documentation by updating the source code. -->
-
 ## metadata
+> metadata([callback]) ⇒ <code>Promise.&lt;Object&gt;</code> \| <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Fast access to (uncached) image metadata without decoding any compressed pixel data.
 
-This is taken from the header of the input image.
-It does not include operations, such as resize, to be applied to the output image.
+This is read from the header of the input image.
+It does not take into consideration any operations to be applied to the output image,
+such as resize or rotate.
 
 Dimensions in the response will respect the `page` and `pages` properties of the
-[constructor parameters][1].
+[constructor parameters](/api-constructor#parameters).
 
 A `Promise` is returned when `callback` is not provided.
 
-*   `format`: Name of decoder used to decompress image data e.g. `jpeg`, `png`, `webp`, `gif`, `svg`
-*   `size`: Total size of image in bytes, for Stream and Buffer input only
-*   `width`: Number of pixels wide (EXIF orientation is not taken into consideration, see example below)
-*   `height`: Number of pixels high (EXIF orientation is not taken into consideration, see example below)
-*   `space`: Name of colour space interpretation e.g. `srgb`, `rgb`, `cmyk`, `lab`, `b-w` [...][2]
-*   `channels`: Number of bands e.g. `3` for sRGB, `4` for CMYK
-*   `depth`: Name of pixel depth format e.g. `uchar`, `char`, `ushort`, `float` [...][3]
-*   `density`: Number of pixels per inch (DPI), if present
-*   `chromaSubsampling`: String containing JPEG chroma subsampling, `4:2:0` or `4:4:4` for RGB, `4:2:0:4` or `4:4:4:4` for CMYK
-*   `isProgressive`: Boolean indicating whether the image is interlaced using a progressive scan
-*   `pages`: Number of pages/frames contained within the image, with support for TIFF, HEIF, PDF, animated GIF and animated WebP
-*   `pageHeight`: Number of pixels high each page in a multi-page image will be.
-*   `loop`: Number of times to loop an animated image, zero refers to a continuous loop.
-*   `delay`: Delay in ms between each page in an animated image, provided as an array of integers.
-*   `pagePrimary`: Number of the primary page in a HEIF image
-*   `levels`: Details of each level in a multi-level image provided as an array of objects, requires libvips compiled with support for OpenSlide
-*   `subifds`: Number of Sub Image File Directories in an OME-TIFF image
-*   `background`: Default background colour, if present, for PNG (bKGD) and GIF images, either an RGB Object or a single greyscale value
-*   `compression`: The encoder used to compress an HEIF file, `av1` (AVIF) or `hevc` (HEIC)
-*   `resolutionUnit`: The unit of resolution (density), either `inch` or `cm`, if present
-*   `hasProfile`: Boolean indicating the presence of an embedded ICC profile
-*   `hasAlpha`: Boolean indicating the presence of an alpha transparency channel
-*   `orientation`: Number value of the EXIF Orientation header, if present
-*   `exif`: Buffer containing raw EXIF data, if present
-*   `icc`: Buffer containing raw [ICC][4] profile data, if present
-*   `iptc`: Buffer containing raw IPTC data, if present
-*   `xmp`: Buffer containing raw XMP data, if present
-*   `tifftagPhotoshop`: Buffer containing raw TIFFTAG\_PHOTOSHOP data, if present
+- `format`: Name of decoder used to decompress image data e.g. `jpeg`, `png`, `webp`, `gif`, `svg`
+- `size`: Total size of image in bytes, for Stream and Buffer input only
+- `width`: Number of pixels wide (EXIF orientation is not taken into consideration, see example below)
+- `height`: Number of pixels high (EXIF orientation is not taken into consideration, see example below)
+- `space`: Name of colour space interpretation e.g. `srgb`, `rgb`, `cmyk`, `lab`, `b-w` [...](https://www.libvips.org/API/current/VipsImage.html#VipsInterpretation)
+- `channels`: Number of bands e.g. `3` for sRGB, `4` for CMYK
+- `depth`: Name of pixel depth format e.g. `uchar`, `char`, `ushort`, `float` [...](https://www.libvips.org/API/current/VipsImage.html#VipsBandFormat)
+- `density`: Number of pixels per inch (DPI), if present
+- `chromaSubsampling`: String containing JPEG chroma subsampling, `4:2:0` or `4:4:4` for RGB, `4:2:0:4` or `4:4:4:4` for CMYK
+- `isProgressive`: Boolean indicating whether the image is interlaced using a progressive scan
+- `pages`: Number of pages/frames contained within the image, with support for TIFF, HEIF, PDF, animated GIF and animated WebP
+- `pageHeight`: Number of pixels high each page in a multi-page image will be.
+- `paletteBitDepth`: Bit depth of palette-based image (GIF, PNG).
+- `loop`: Number of times to loop an animated image, zero refers to a continuous loop.
+- `delay`: Delay in ms between each page in an animated image, provided as an array of integers.
+- `pagePrimary`: Number of the primary page in a HEIF image
+- `levels`: Details of each level in a multi-level image provided as an array of objects, requires libvips compiled with support for OpenSlide
+- `subifds`: Number of Sub Image File Directories in an OME-TIFF image
+- `background`: Default background colour, if present, for PNG (bKGD) and GIF images, either an RGB Object or a single greyscale value
+- `compression`: The encoder used to compress an HEIF file, `av1` (AVIF) or `hevc` (HEIC)
+- `resolutionUnit`: The unit of resolution (density), either `inch` or `cm`, if present
+- `hasProfile`: Boolean indicating the presence of an embedded ICC profile
+- `hasAlpha`: Boolean indicating the presence of an alpha transparency channel
+- `orientation`: Number value of the EXIF Orientation header, if present
+- `exif`: Buffer containing raw EXIF data, if present
+- `icc`: Buffer containing raw [ICC](https://www.npmjs.com/package/icc) profile data, if present
+- `iptc`: Buffer containing raw IPTC data, if present
+- `xmp`: Buffer containing raw XMP data, if present
+- `tifftagPhotoshop`: Buffer containing raw TIFFTAG_PHOTOSHOP data, if present
+- `formatMagick`: String containing format for images loaded via *magick
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `callback` **[Function][5]?** called with the arguments `(err, metadata)`
 
-### Examples
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [callback] | <code>function</code> | called with the arguments `(err, metadata)` |
 
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const metadata = await sharp(input).metadata();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const image = sharp(inputJpg);
 image
   .metadata()
@@ -65,8 +68,8 @@ image
     // data contains a WebP image half the width and height of the original JPEG
   });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Based on EXIF rotation metadata, get the right-side-up width and height:
 
 const size = getNormalSize(await sharp(input).metadata());
@@ -78,39 +81,40 @@ function getNormalSize({ width, height, orientation }) {
 }
 ```
 
-Returns **([Promise][6]<[Object][7]> | Sharp)**&#x20;
 
 ## stats
+> stats([callback]) ⇒ <code>Promise.&lt;Object&gt;</code>
 
 Access to pixel-derived image statistics for every channel in the image.
 A `Promise` is returned when `callback` is not provided.
 
-*   `channels`: Array of channel statistics for each channel in the image. Each channel statistic contains
-    *   `min` (minimum value in the channel)
-    *   `max` (maximum value in the channel)
-    *   `sum` (sum of all values in a channel)
-    *   `squaresSum` (sum of squared values in a channel)
-    *   `mean` (mean of the values in a channel)
-    *   `stdev` (standard deviation for the values in a channel)
-    *   `minX` (x-coordinate of one of the pixel where the minimum lies)
-    *   `minY` (y-coordinate of one of the pixel where the minimum lies)
-    *   `maxX` (x-coordinate of one of the pixel where the maximum lies)
-    *   `maxY` (y-coordinate of one of the pixel where the maximum lies)
-*   `isOpaque`: Is the image fully opaque? Will be `true` if the image has no alpha channel or if every pixel is fully opaque.
-*   `entropy`: Histogram-based estimation of greyscale entropy, discarding alpha channel if any.
-*   `sharpness`: Estimation of greyscale sharpness based on the standard deviation of a Laplacian convolution, discarding alpha channel if any.
-*   `dominant`: Object containing most dominant sRGB colour based on a 4096-bin 3D histogram.
+- `channels`: Array of channel statistics for each channel in the image. Each channel statistic contains
+    - `min` (minimum value in the channel)
+    - `max` (maximum value in the channel)
+    - `sum` (sum of all values in a channel)
+    - `squaresSum` (sum of squared values in a channel)
+    - `mean` (mean of the values in a channel)
+    - `stdev` (standard deviation for the values in a channel)
+    - `minX` (x-coordinate of one of the pixel where the minimum lies)
+    - `minY` (y-coordinate of one of the pixel where the minimum lies)
+    - `maxX` (x-coordinate of one of the pixel where the maximum lies)
+    - `maxY` (y-coordinate of one of the pixel where the maximum lies)
+- `isOpaque`: Is the image fully opaque? Will be `true` if the image has no alpha channel or if every pixel is fully opaque.
+- `entropy`: Histogram-based estimation of greyscale entropy, discarding alpha channel if any.
+- `sharpness`: Estimation of greyscale sharpness based on the standard deviation of a Laplacian convolution, discarding alpha channel if any.
+- `dominant`: Object containing most dominant sRGB colour based on a 4096-bin 3D histogram.
 
 **Note**: Statistics are derived from the original input image. Any operations performed on the image must first be
 written to a buffer in order to run `stats` on the result (see third example).
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `callback` **[Function][5]?** called with the arguments `(err, stats)`
 
-### Examples
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [callback] | <code>function</code> | called with the arguments `(err, stats)` |
 
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const image = sharp(inputJpg);
 image
   .stats()
@@ -118,32 +122,16 @@ image
      // stats contains the channel-wise statistics array and the isOpaque value
   });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const { entropy, sharpness, dominant } = await sharp(input).stats();
 const { r, g, b } = dominant;
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const image = sharp(input);
 // store intermediate result
 const part = await image.extract(region).toBuffer();
 // create new instance to obtain statistics of extracted region
 const stats = await sharp(part).stats();
-```
-
-Returns **[Promise][6]<[Object][7]>**&#x20;
-
-[1]: /api-constructor#parameters
-
-[2]: https://www.libvips.org/API/current/VipsImage.html#VipsInterpretation
-
-[3]: https://www.libvips.org/API/current/VipsImage.html#VipsBandFormat
-
-[4]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/icc
-
-[5]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/function
-
-[6]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise
-
-[7]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object
+```

docs/api-operation.md

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
-<!-- Generated by documentation.js. Update this documentation by updating the source code. -->
-
 ## rotate
+> rotate([angle], [options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Rotate the output image by either an explicit angle
 or auto-orient based on the EXIF `Orientation` tag.
 
 If an angle is provided, it is converted to a valid positive degree rotation.
-For example, `-450` will produce a 270deg rotation.
+For example, `-450` will produce a 270 degree rotation.
 
 When rotating by an angle other than a multiple of 90,
 the background colour can be provided with the `background` option.
@@ -14,7 +13,7 @@ the background colour can be provided with the `background` option.
 If no angle is provided, it is determined from the EXIF data.
 Mirroring is supported and may infer the use of a flip operation.
 
-The use of `rotate` implies the removal of the EXIF `Orientation` tag, if any.
+The use of `rotate` without an angle will remove the EXIF `Orientation` tag, if any.
 
 Only one rotation can occur per pipeline.
 Previous calls to `rotate` in the same pipeline will be ignored.
@@ -22,16 +21,20 @@ Previous calls to `rotate` in the same pipeline will be ignored.
 Method order is important when rotating, resizing and/or extracting regions,
 for example `.rotate(x).extract(y)` will produce a different result to `.extract(y).rotate(x)`.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `angle` **[number][1]** angle of rotation. (optional, default `auto`)
-*   `options` **[Object][2]?** if present, is an Object with optional attributes.
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.background` **([string][3] | [Object][2])** parsed by the [color][4] module to extract values for red, green, blue and alpha. (optional, default `"#000000"`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [angle] | <code>number</code> | <code>auto</code> | angle of rotation. |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  | if present, is an Object with optional attributes. |
+| [options.background] | <code>string</code> \| <code>Object</code> | <code>&quot;\&quot;#000000\&quot;&quot;</code> | parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module to extract values for red, green, blue and alpha. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 const pipeline = sharp()
   .rotate()
   .resize(null, 200)
@@ -42,8 +45,8 @@ const pipeline = sharp()
   });
 readableStream.pipe(pipeline);
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const rotateThenResize = await sharp(input)
   .rotate(90)
   .resize({ width: 16, height: 8, fit: 'fill' })
@@ -54,82 +57,87 @@ const resizeThenRotate = await sharp(input)
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][5]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## flip
+> flip([flip]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
-Flip the image about the vertical Y axis. This always occurs before rotation, if any.
-The use of `flip` implies the removal of the EXIF `Orientation` tag, if any.
+Mirror the image vertically (up-down) about the x-axis.
+This always occurs before rotation, if any.
 
-### Parameters
+This operation does not work correctly with multi-page images.
 
-*   `flip` **[Boolean][6]**  (optional, default `true`)
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [flip] | <code>Boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | 
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 const output = await sharp(input).flip().toBuffer();
 ```
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## flop
+> flop([flop]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
-Flop the image about the horizontal X axis. This always occurs before rotation, if any.
-The use of `flop` implies the removal of the EXIF `Orientation` tag, if any.
+Mirror the image horizontally (left-right) about the y-axis.
+This always occurs before rotation, if any.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `flop` **[Boolean][6]**  (optional, default `true`)
 
-### Examples
+| Param | Type | Default |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [flop] | <code>Boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | 
 
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const output = await sharp(input).flop().toBuffer();
 ```
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## affine
+> affine(matrix, [options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Perform an affine transform on an image. This operation will always occur after resizing, extraction and rotation, if any.
 
 You must provide an array of length 4 or a 2x2 affine transformation matrix.
 By default, new pixels are filled with a black background. You can provide a background color with the `background` option.
-A particular interpolator may also be specified. Set the `interpolator` option to an attribute of the `sharp.interpolator` Object e.g. `sharp.interpolator.nohalo`.
+A particular interpolator may also be specified. Set the `interpolator` option to an attribute of the `sharp.interpolators` Object e.g. `sharp.interpolators.nohalo`.
 
 In the case of a 2x2 matrix, the transform is:
-
-*   X = `matrix[0, 0]` \* (x + `idx`) + `matrix[0, 1]` \* (y + `idy`) + `odx`
-*   Y = `matrix[1, 0]` \* (x + `idx`) + `matrix[1, 1]` \* (y + `idy`) + `ody`
+- X = `matrix[0, 0]` \* (x + `idx`) + `matrix[0, 1]` \* (y + `idy`) + `odx`
+- Y = `matrix[1, 0]` \* (x + `idx`) + `matrix[1, 1]` \* (y + `idy`) + `ody`
 
 where:
+- x and y are the coordinates in input image.
+- X and Y are the coordinates in output image.
+- (0,0) is the upper left corner.
 
-*   x and y are the coordinates in input image.
-*   X and Y are the coordinates in output image.
-*   (0,0) is the upper left corner.
 
-### Parameters
+**Throws**:
 
-*   `matrix` **([Array][7]<[Array][7]<[number][1]>> | [Array][7]<[number][1]>)** affine transformation matrix
-*   `options` **[Object][2]?** if present, is an Object with optional attributes.
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-    *   `options.background` **([String][3] | [Object][2])** parsed by the [color][4] module to extract values for red, green, blue and alpha. (optional, default `"#000000"`)
-    *   `options.idx` **[Number][1]** input horizontal offset (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.idy` **[Number][1]** input vertical offset (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.odx` **[Number][1]** output horizontal offset (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.ody` **[Number][1]** output vertical offset (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.interpolator` **[String][3]** interpolator (optional, default `sharp.interpolators.bicubic`)
+**Since**: 0.27.0  
 
-### Examples
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| matrix | <code>Array.&lt;Array.&lt;number&gt;&gt;</code> \| <code>Array.&lt;number&gt;</code> |  | affine transformation matrix |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  | if present, is an Object with optional attributes. |
+| [options.background] | <code>String</code> \| <code>Object</code> | <code>&quot;#000000&quot;</code> | parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module to extract values for red, green, blue and alpha. |
+| [options.idx] | <code>Number</code> | <code>0</code> | input horizontal offset |
+| [options.idy] | <code>Number</code> | <code>0</code> | input vertical offset |
+| [options.odx] | <code>Number</code> | <code>0</code> | output horizontal offset |
+| [options.ody] | <code>Number</code> | <code>0</code> | output vertical offset |
+| [options.interpolator] | <code>String</code> | <code>sharp.interpolators.bicubic</code> | interpolator |
 
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const pipeline = sharp()
   .affine([[1, 0.3], [0.1, 0.7]], {
      background: 'white',
-     interpolate: sharp.interpolators.nohalo
+     interpolator: sharp.interpolators.nohalo
   })
   .toBuffer((err, outputBuffer, info) => {
      // outputBuffer contains the transformed image
@@ -140,47 +148,47 @@ inputStream
   .pipe(pipeline);
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][5]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
-
-**Meta**
-
-*   **since**: 0.27.0
 
 ## sharpen
+> sharpen([options], [flat], [jagged]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Sharpen the image.
+
 When used without parameters, performs a fast, mild sharpen of the output image.
+
 When a `sigma` is provided, performs a slower, more accurate sharpen of the L channel in the LAB colour space.
-Separate control over the level of sharpening in "flat" and "jagged" areas is available.
+Fine-grained control over the level of sharpening in "flat" (m1) and "jagged" (m2) areas is available.
 
-See [libvips sharpen][8] operation.
+See [libvips sharpen](https://www.libvips.org/API/current/libvips-convolution.html#vips-sharpen) operation.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **([Object][2] | [number][1])?** if present, is an Object with attributes or (deprecated) a number for `options.sigma`.
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.sigma` **[number][1]?** the sigma of the Gaussian mask, where `sigma = 1 + radius / 2`.
-    *   `options.m1` **[number][1]** the level of sharpening to apply to "flat" areas. (optional, default `1.0`)
-    *   `options.m2` **[number][1]** the level of sharpening to apply to "jagged" areas. (optional, default `2.0`)
-    *   `options.x1` **[number][1]** threshold between "flat" and "jagged" (optional, default `2.0`)
-    *   `options.y2` **[number][1]** maximum amount of brightening. (optional, default `10.0`)
-    *   `options.y3` **[number][1]** maximum amount of darkening. (optional, default `20.0`)
-*   `flat` **[number][1]?** (deprecated) see `options.m1`.
-*   `jagged` **[number][1]?** (deprecated) see `options.m2`.
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> \| <code>number</code> |  | if present, is an Object with attributes |
+| [options.sigma] | <code>number</code> |  | the sigma of the Gaussian mask, where `sigma = 1 + radius / 2`, between 0.000001 and 10 |
+| [options.m1] | <code>number</code> | <code>1.0</code> | the level of sharpening to apply to "flat" areas, between 0 and 1000000 |
+| [options.m2] | <code>number</code> | <code>2.0</code> | the level of sharpening to apply to "jagged" areas, between 0 and 1000000 |
+| [options.x1] | <code>number</code> | <code>2.0</code> | threshold between "flat" and "jagged", between 0 and 1000000 |
+| [options.y2] | <code>number</code> | <code>10.0</code> | maximum amount of brightening, between 0 and 1000000 |
+| [options.y3] | <code>number</code> | <code>20.0</code> | maximum amount of darkening, between 0 and 1000000 |
+| [flat] | <code>number</code> |  | (deprecated) see `options.m1`. |
+| [jagged] | <code>number</code> |  | (deprecated) see `options.m2`. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 const data = await sharp(input).sharpen().toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const data = await sharp(input).sharpen({ sigma: 2 }).toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const data = await sharp(input)
   .sharpen({
     sigma: 2,
@@ -193,34 +201,35 @@ const data = await sharp(input)
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][5]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## median
+> median([size]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Apply median filter.
 When used without parameters the default window is 3x3.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `size` **[number][1]** square mask size: size x size (optional, default `3`)
+**Throws**:
 
-### Examples
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-```javascript
+
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [size] | <code>number</code> | <code>3</code> | square mask size: size x size |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 const output = await sharp(input).median().toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const output = await sharp(input).median(5).toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][5]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## blur
+> blur([sigma]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Blur the image.
 
@@ -228,51 +237,81 @@ When used without parameters, performs a fast 3x3 box blur (equivalent to a box
 
 When a `sigma` is provided, performs a slower, more accurate Gaussian blur.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `sigma` **[number][1]?** a value between 0.3 and 1000 representing the sigma of the Gaussian mask, where `sigma = 1 + radius / 2`.
+**Throws**:
 
-### Examples
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-```javascript
+
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [sigma] | <code>number</code> | a value between 0.3 and 1000 representing the sigma of the Gaussian mask, where `sigma = 1 + radius / 2`. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 const boxBlurred = await sharp(input)
   .blur()
   .toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const gaussianBlurred = await sharp(input)
   .blur(5)
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][5]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## flatten
+> flatten([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Merge alpha transparency channel, if any, with a background, then remove the alpha channel.
 
-See also [removeAlpha][9].
+See also [removeAlpha](/api-channel#removealpha).
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][2]?**&#x20;
 
-    *   `options.background` **([string][3] | [Object][2])** background colour, parsed by the [color][4] module, defaults to black. (optional, default `{r:0,g:0,b:0}`)
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  |  |
+| [options.background] | <code>string</code> \| <code>Object</code> | <code>&quot;{r: 0, g: 0, b: 0}&quot;</code> | background colour, parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module, defaults to black. |
 
-### Examples
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 await sharp(rgbaInput)
   .flatten({ background: '#F0A703' })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
+
+## unflatten
+> unflatten()
+
+Ensure the image has an alpha channel
+with all white pixel values made fully transparent.
+
+Existing alpha channel values for non-white pixels remain unchanged.
+
+This feature is experimental and the API may change.
+
+
+**Since**: 0.32.1  
+**Example**  
+```js
+await sharp(rgbInput)
+  .unflatten()
+  .toBuffer();
+```
+**Example**  
+```js
+await sharp(rgbInput)
+  .threshold(128, { grayscale: false }) // converter bright pixels to white
+  .unflatten()
+  .toBuffer();
+```
+
 
 ## gamma
+> gamma([gamma], [gammaOut]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Apply a gamma correction by reducing the encoding (darken) pre-resize at a factor of `1/gamma`
 then increasing the encoding (brighten) post-resize at a factor of `gamma`.
@@ -282,95 +321,122 @@ when applying a gamma correction.
 
 Supply a second argument to use a different output gamma value, otherwise the first value is used in both cases.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `gamma` **[number][1]** value between 1.0 and 3.0. (optional, default `2.2`)
-*   `gammaOut` **[number][1]?** value between 1.0 and 3.0. (optional, defaults to same as `gamma`)
+**Throws**:
 
-<!---->
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
+
+
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [gamma] | <code>number</code> | <code>2.2</code> | value between 1.0 and 3.0. |
+| [gammaOut] | <code>number</code> |  | value between 1.0 and 3.0. (optional, defaults to same as `gamma`) |
 
-*   Throws **[Error][5]** Invalid parameters
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## negate
+> negate([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Produce the "negative" of the image.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][2]?**&#x20;
 
-    *   `options.alpha` **[Boolean][6]** Whether or not to negate any alpha channel (optional, default `true`)
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  |  |
+| [options.alpha] | <code>Boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | Whether or not to negate any alpha channel |
 
-### Examples
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const output = await sharp(input)
   .negate()
   .toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const output = await sharp(input)
   .negate({ alpha: false })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## normalise
+> normalise([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
-Enhance output image contrast by stretching its luminance to cover the full dynamic range.
+Enhance output image contrast by stretching its luminance to cover a full dynamic range.
 
-### Parameters
+Uses a histogram-based approach, taking a default range of 1% to 99% to reduce sensitivity to noise at the extremes.
 
-*   `normalise` **[Boolean][6]**  (optional, default `true`)
+Luminance values below the `lower` percentile will be underexposed by clipping to zero.
+Luminance values above the `upper` percentile will be overexposed by clipping to the max pixel value.
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
-const output = await sharp(input).normalise().toBuffer();
+
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  |  |
+| [options.lower] | <code>number</code> | <code>1</code> | Percentile below which luminance values will be underexposed. |
+| [options.upper] | <code>number</code> | <code>99</code> | Percentile above which luminance values will be overexposed. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
+const output = await sharp(input)
+  .normalise()
+  .toBuffer();
+```
+**Example**  
+```js
+const output = await sharp(input)
+  .normalise({ lower: 0, upper: 100 })
+  .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## normalize
+> normalize([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Alternative spelling of normalise.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `normalize` **[Boolean][6]**  (optional, default `true`)
 
-### Examples
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  |  |
+| [options.lower] | <code>number</code> | <code>1</code> | Percentile below which luminance values will be underexposed. |
+| [options.upper] | <code>number</code> | <code>99</code> | Percentile above which luminance values will be overexposed. |
 
-```javascript
-const output = await sharp(input).normalize().toBuffer();
+**Example**  
+```js
+const output = await sharp(input)
+  .normalize()
+  .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## clahe
+> clahe(options) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Perform contrast limiting adaptive histogram equalization
-[CLAHE][10].
+[CLAHE](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_histogram_equalization#Contrast_Limited_AHE).
 
 This will, in general, enhance the clarity of the image by bringing out darker details.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][2]**&#x20;
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.width` **[number][1]** integer width of the region in pixels.
-    *   `options.height` **[number][1]** integer height of the region in pixels.
-    *   `options.maxSlope` **[number][1]** maximum value for the slope of the
-        cumulative histogram. A value of 0 disables contrast limiting. Valid values
-        are integers in the range 0-100 (inclusive) (optional, default `3`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-### Examples
+**Since**: 0.28.3  
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| options | <code>Object</code> |  |  |
+| options.width | <code>number</code> |  | Integral width of the search window, in pixels. |
+| options.height | <code>number</code> |  | Integral height of the search window, in pixels. |
+| [options.maxSlope] | <code>number</code> | <code>3</code> | Integral level of brightening, between 0 and 100, where 0 disables contrast limiting. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 const output = await sharp(input)
   .clahe({
     width: 3,
@@ -379,31 +445,29 @@ const output = await sharp(input)
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][5]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
-
-**Meta**
-
-*   **since**: 0.28.3
 
 ## convolve
+> convolve(kernel) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Convolve the image with the specified kernel.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `kernel` **[Object][2]**&#x20;
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `kernel.width` **[number][1]** width of the kernel in pixels.
-    *   `kernel.height` **[number][1]** height of the kernel in pixels.
-    *   `kernel.kernel` **[Array][7]<[number][1]>** Array of length `width*height` containing the kernel values.
-    *   `kernel.scale` **[number][1]** the scale of the kernel in pixels. (optional, default `sum`)
-    *   `kernel.offset` **[number][1]** the offset of the kernel in pixels. (optional, default `0`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| kernel | <code>Object</code> |  |  |
+| kernel.width | <code>number</code> |  | width of the kernel in pixels. |
+| kernel.height | <code>number</code> |  | height of the kernel in pixels. |
+| kernel.kernel | <code>Array.&lt;number&gt;</code> |  | Array of length `width*height` containing the kernel values. |
+| [kernel.scale] | <code>number</code> | <code>sum</code> | the scale of the kernel in pixels. |
+| [kernel.offset] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | the offset of the kernel in pixels. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp(input)
   .convolve({
     width: 3,
@@ -417,74 +481,80 @@ sharp(input)
   });
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][5]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## threshold
+> threshold([threshold], [options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Any pixel value greater than or equal to the threshold value will be set to 255, otherwise it will be set to 0.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `threshold` **[number][1]** a value in the range 0-255 representing the level at which the threshold will be applied. (optional, default `128`)
-*   `options` **[Object][2]?**&#x20;
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.greyscale` **[Boolean][6]** convert to single channel greyscale. (optional, default `true`)
-    *   `options.grayscale` **[Boolean][6]** alternative spelling for greyscale. (optional, default `true`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-<!---->
 
-*   Throws **[Error][5]** Invalid parameters
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [threshold] | <code>number</code> | <code>128</code> | a value in the range 0-255 representing the level at which the threshold will be applied. |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  |  |
+| [options.greyscale] | <code>Boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | convert to single channel greyscale. |
+| [options.grayscale] | <code>Boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | alternative spelling for greyscale. |
+
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## boolean
+> boolean(operand, operator, [options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Perform a bitwise boolean operation with operand image.
 
 This operation creates an output image where each pixel is the result of
 the selected bitwise boolean `operation` between the corresponding pixels of the input images.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `operand` **([Buffer][11] | [string][3])** Buffer containing image data or string containing the path to an image file.
-*   `operator` **[string][3]** one of `and`, `or` or `eor` to perform that bitwise operation, like the C logic operators `&`, `|` and `^` respectively.
-*   `options` **[Object][2]?**&#x20;
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.raw` **[Object][2]?** describes operand when using raw pixel data.
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-        *   `options.raw.width` **[number][1]?**&#x20;
-        *   `options.raw.height` **[number][1]?**&#x20;
-        *   `options.raw.channels` **[number][1]?**&#x20;
 
-<!---->
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| operand | <code>Buffer</code> \| <code>string</code> | Buffer containing image data or string containing the path to an image file. |
+| operator | <code>string</code> | one of `and`, `or` or `eor` to perform that bitwise operation, like the C logic operators `&`, `|` and `^` respectively. |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  |
+| [options.raw] | <code>Object</code> | describes operand when using raw pixel data. |
+| [options.raw.width] | <code>number</code> |  |
+| [options.raw.height] | <code>number</code> |  |
+| [options.raw.channels] | <code>number</code> |  |
 
-*   Throws **[Error][5]** Invalid parameters
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## linear
+> linear([a], [b]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
-Apply the linear formula `a` \* input + `b` to the image to adjust image levels.
+Apply the linear formula `a` * input + `b` to the image to adjust image levels.
 
 When a single number is provided, it will be used for all image channels.
 When an array of numbers is provided, the array length must match the number of channels.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `a` **([number][1] | [Array][7]<[number][1]>)** multiplier (optional, default `[]`)
-*   `b` **([number][1] | [Array][7]<[number][1]>)** offset (optional, default `[]`)
+**Throws**:
 
-### Examples
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-```javascript
+
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [a] | <code>number</code> \| <code>Array.&lt;number&gt;</code> | <code>[]</code> | multiplier |
+| [b] | <code>number</code> \| <code>Array.&lt;number&gt;</code> | <code>[]</code> | offset |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 await sharp(input)
   .linear(0.5, 2)
   .toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 await sharp(rgbInput)
   .linear(
     [0.25, 0.5, 0.75],
@@ -493,21 +563,25 @@ await sharp(rgbInput)
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][5]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## recomb
+> recomb(inputMatrix) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
-Recomb the image with the specified matrix.
+Recombine the image with the specified matrix.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `inputMatrix` **[Array][7]<[Array][7]<[number][1]>>** 3x3 Recombination matrix
+**Throws**:
 
-### Examples
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-```javascript
+**Since**: 0.21.1  
+
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| inputMatrix | <code>Array.&lt;Array.&lt;number&gt;&gt;</code> | 3x3 Recombination matrix |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp(input)
   .recomb([
    [0.3588, 0.7044, 0.1368],
@@ -516,37 +590,32 @@ sharp(input)
   ])
   .raw()
   .toBuffer(function(err, data, info) {
-    // data contains the raw pixel data after applying the recomb
+    // data contains the raw pixel data after applying the matrix
     // With this example input, a sepia filter has been applied
   });
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][5]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
-
-**Meta**
-
-*   **since**: 0.21.1
 
 ## modulate
+> modulate([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Transforms the image using brightness, saturation, hue rotation, and lightness.
 Brightness and lightness both operate on luminance, with the difference being that
 brightness is multiplicative whereas lightness is additive.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][2]?**&#x20;
+**Since**: 0.22.1  
 
-    *   `options.brightness` **[number][1]?** Brightness multiplier
-    *   `options.saturation` **[number][1]?** Saturation multiplier
-    *   `options.hue` **[number][1]?** Degrees for hue rotation
-    *   `options.lightness` **[number][1]?** Lightness addend
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  |
+| [options.brightness] | <code>number</code> | Brightness multiplier |
+| [options.saturation] | <code>number</code> | Saturation multiplier |
+| [options.hue] | <code>number</code> | Degrees for hue rotation |
+| [options.lightness] | <code>number</code> | Lightness addend |
 
-### Examples
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // increase brightness by a factor of 2
 const output = await sharp(input)
   .modulate({
@@ -554,8 +623,8 @@ const output = await sharp(input)
   })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // hue-rotate by 180 degrees
 const output = await sharp(input)
   .modulate({
@@ -563,8 +632,8 @@ const output = await sharp(input)
   })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // increase lightness by +50
 const output = await sharp(input)
   .modulate({
@@ -572,9 +641,9 @@ const output = await sharp(input)
   })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
-// decreate brightness and saturation while also hue-rotating by 90 degrees
+**Example**  
+```js
+// decrease brightness and saturation while also hue-rotating by 90 degrees
 const output = await sharp(input)
   .modulate({
     brightness: 0.5,
@@ -582,32 +651,4 @@ const output = await sharp(input)
     hue: 90,
   })
   .toBuffer();
-```
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
-
-**Meta**
-
-*   **since**: 0.22.1
-
-[1]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number
-
-[2]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object
-
-[3]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String
-
-[4]: https://www.npmjs.org/package/color
-
-[5]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error
-
-[6]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean
-
-[7]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array
-
-[8]: https://www.libvips.org/API/current/libvips-convolution.html#vips-sharpen
-
-[9]: /api-channel#removealpha
-
-[10]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_histogram_equalization#Contrast_Limited_AHE
-
-[11]: https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html
+```

docs/api-output.md

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-<!-- Generated by documentation.js. Update this documentation by updating the source code. -->
-
 ## toFile
+> toFile(fileOut, [callback]) ⇒ <code>Promise.&lt;Object&gt;</code>
 
 Write output image data to a file.
 
@@ -9,92 +8,92 @@ with JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, TIFF, GIF, DZI, and libvips' V format supported.
 Note that raw pixel data is only supported for buffer output.
 
 By default all metadata will be removed, which includes EXIF-based orientation.
-See [withMetadata][1] for control over this.
+See [withMetadata](#withmetadata) for control over this.
 
 The caller is responsible for ensuring directory structures and permissions exist.
 
 A `Promise` is returned when `callback` is not provided.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `fileOut` **[string][2]** the path to write the image data to.
-*   `callback` **[Function][3]?** called on completion with two arguments `(err, info)`.
-    `info` contains the output image `format`, `size` (bytes), `width`, `height`,
-    `channels` and `premultiplied` (indicating if premultiplication was used).
-    When using a crop strategy also contains `cropOffsetLeft` and `cropOffsetTop`.
-    May also contain `textAutofitDpi` (dpi the font was rendered at) if image was created from text.
+**Returns**: <code>Promise.&lt;Object&gt;</code> - - when no callback is provided  
+**Throws**:
 
-### Examples
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-```javascript
+
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| fileOut | <code>string</code> | the path to write the image data to. |
+| [callback] | <code>function</code> | called on completion with two arguments `(err, info)`. `info` contains the output image `format`, `size` (bytes), `width`, `height`, `channels` and `premultiplied` (indicating if premultiplication was used). When using a crop strategy also contains `cropOffsetLeft` and `cropOffsetTop`. When using the attention crop strategy also contains `attentionX` and `attentionY`, the focal point of the cropped region. May also contain `textAutofitDpi` (dpi the font was rendered at) if image was created from text. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp(input)
   .toFile('output.png', (err, info) => { ... });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp(input)
   .toFile('output.png')
   .then(info => { ... })
   .catch(err => { ... });
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **[Promise][5]<[Object][6]>** when no callback is provided
 
 ## toBuffer
+> toBuffer([options], [callback]) ⇒ <code>Promise.&lt;Buffer&gt;</code>
 
 Write output to a Buffer.
 JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, TIFF, GIF and raw pixel data output are supported.
 
-Use [toFormat][7] or one of the format-specific functions such as [jpeg][8], [png][9] etc. to set the output format.
+Use [toFormat](#toformat) or one of the format-specific functions such as [jpeg](#jpeg), [png](#png) etc. to set the output format.
 
 If no explicit format is set, the output format will match the input image, except SVG input which becomes PNG output.
 
 By default all metadata will be removed, which includes EXIF-based orientation.
-See [withMetadata][1] for control over this.
+See [withMetadata](#withmetadata) for control over this.
 
 `callback`, if present, gets three arguments `(err, data, info)` where:
-
-*   `err` is an error, if any.
-*   `data` is the output image data.
-*   `info` contains the output image `format`, `size` (bytes), `width`, `height`,
-    `channels` and `premultiplied` (indicating if premultiplication was used).
-    When using a crop strategy also contains `cropOffsetLeft` and `cropOffsetTop`.
-    May also contain `textAutofitDpi` (dpi the font was rendered at) if image was created from text.
+- `err` is an error, if any.
+- `data` is the output image data.
+- `info` contains the output image `format`, `size` (bytes), `width`, `height`,
+`channels` and `premultiplied` (indicating if premultiplication was used).
+When using a crop strategy also contains `cropOffsetLeft` and `cropOffsetTop`.
+May also contain `textAutofitDpi` (dpi the font was rendered at) if image was created from text.
 
 A `Promise` is returned when `callback` is not provided.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][6]?**&#x20;
+**Returns**: <code>Promise.&lt;Buffer&gt;</code> - - when no callback is provided  
 
-    *   `options.resolveWithObject` **[boolean][10]?** Resolve the Promise with an Object containing `data` and `info` properties instead of resolving only with `data`.
-*   `callback` **[Function][3]?**&#x20;
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  |
+| [options.resolveWithObject] | <code>boolean</code> | Resolve the Promise with an Object containing `data` and `info` properties instead of resolving only with `data`. |
+| [callback] | <code>function</code> |  |
 
-### Examples
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp(input)
   .toBuffer((err, data, info) => { ... });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp(input)
   .toBuffer()
   .then(data => { ... })
   .catch(err => { ... });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp(input)
   .png()
   .toBuffer({ resolveWithObject: true })
   .then(({ data, info }) => { ... })
   .catch(err => { ... });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const { data, info } = await sharp('my-image.jpg')
   // output the raw pixels
   .raw()
@@ -111,108 +110,123 @@ await sharp(pixelArray, { raw: { width, height, channels } })
   .toFile('my-changed-image.jpg');
 ```
 
-Returns **[Promise][5]<[Buffer][11]>** when no callback is provided
 
 ## withMetadata
+> withMetadata([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Include all metadata (EXIF, XMP, IPTC) from the input image in the output image.
-This will also convert to and add a web-friendly sRGB ICC profile unless a custom
-output profile is provided.
+This will also convert to and add a web-friendly sRGB ICC profile if appropriate,
+unless a custom output profile is provided.
 
 The default behaviour, when `withMetadata` is not used, is to convert to the device-independent
 sRGB colour space and strip all metadata, including the removal of any ICC profile.
 
 EXIF metadata is unsupported for TIFF output.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][6]?**&#x20;
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.orientation` **[number][12]?** value between 1 and 8, used to update the EXIF `Orientation` tag.
-    *   `options.icc` **[string][2]?** filesystem path to output ICC profile, defaults to sRGB.
-    *   `options.exif` **[Object][6]<[Object][6]>** Object keyed by IFD0, IFD1 etc. of key/value string pairs to write as EXIF data. (optional, default `{}`)
-    *   `options.density` **[number][12]?** Number of pixels per inch (DPI).
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  |  |
+| [options.orientation] | <code>number</code> |  | value between 1 and 8, used to update the EXIF `Orientation` tag. |
+| [options.icc] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;srgb&#x27;&quot;</code> | Filesystem path to output ICC profile, relative to `process.cwd()`, defaults to built-in sRGB. |
+| [options.exif] | <code>Object.&lt;Object&gt;</code> | <code>{}</code> | Object keyed by IFD0, IFD1 etc. of key/value string pairs to write as EXIF data. |
+| [options.density] | <code>number</code> |  | Number of pixels per inch (DPI). |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp('input.jpg')
   .withMetadata()
   .toFile('output-with-metadata.jpg')
   .then(info => { ... });
 ```
-
-```javascript
-// Set "IFD0-Copyright" in output EXIF metadata
+**Example**  
+```js
+// Set output EXIF metadata
 const data = await sharp(input)
   .withMetadata({
     exif: {
       IFD0: {
-        Copyright: 'Wernham Hogg'
+        Copyright: 'The National Gallery'
+      },
+      IFD3: {
+        GPSLatitudeRef: 'N',
+        GPSLatitude: '51/1 30/1 3230/100',
+        GPSLongitudeRef: 'W',
+        GPSLongitude: '0/1 7/1 4366/100'
       }
     }
   })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Set output metadata to 96 DPI
 const data = await sharp(input)
   .withMetadata({ density: 96 })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## toFormat
+> toFormat(format, options) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Force output to a given format.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `format` **([string][2] | [Object][6])** as a string or an Object with an 'id' attribute
-*   `options` **[Object][6]** output options
+**Throws**:
 
-### Examples
+- <code>Error</code> unsupported format or options
 
-```javascript
+
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| format | <code>string</code> \| <code>Object</code> | as a string or an Object with an 'id' attribute |
+| options | <code>Object</code> | output options |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Convert any input to PNG output
 const data = await sharp(input)
   .toFormat('png')
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** unsupported format or options
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## jpeg
+> jpeg([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Use these JPEG options for output image.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][6]?** output options
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.quality` **[number][12]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `80`)
-    *   `options.progressive` **[boolean][10]** use progressive (interlace) scan (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.chromaSubsampling` **[string][2]** set to '4:4:4' to prevent chroma subsampling otherwise defaults to '4:2:0' chroma subsampling (optional, default `'4:2:0'`)
-    *   `options.optimiseCoding` **[boolean][10]** optimise Huffman coding tables (optional, default `true`)
-    *   `options.optimizeCoding` **[boolean][10]** alternative spelling of optimiseCoding (optional, default `true`)
-    *   `options.mozjpeg` **[boolean][10]** use mozjpeg defaults, equivalent to `{ trellisQuantisation: true, overshootDeringing: true, optimiseScans: true, quantisationTable: 3 }` (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.trellisQuantisation` **[boolean][10]** apply trellis quantisation (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.overshootDeringing` **[boolean][10]** apply overshoot deringing (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.optimiseScans` **[boolean][10]** optimise progressive scans, forces progressive (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.optimizeScans` **[boolean][10]** alternative spelling of optimiseScans (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.quantisationTable` **[number][12]** quantization table to use, integer 0-8 (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.quantizationTable` **[number][12]** alternative spelling of quantisationTable (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.force` **[boolean][10]** force JPEG output, otherwise attempt to use input format (optional, default `true`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid options
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  | output options |
+| [options.quality] | <code>number</code> | <code>80</code> | quality, integer 1-100 |
+| [options.progressive] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | use progressive (interlace) scan |
+| [options.chromaSubsampling] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;4:2:0&#x27;&quot;</code> | set to '4:4:4' to prevent chroma subsampling otherwise defaults to '4:2:0' chroma subsampling |
+| [options.optimiseCoding] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | optimise Huffman coding tables |
+| [options.optimizeCoding] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | alternative spelling of optimiseCoding |
+| [options.mozjpeg] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | use mozjpeg defaults, equivalent to `{ trellisQuantisation: true, overshootDeringing: true, optimiseScans: true, quantisationTable: 3 }` |
+| [options.trellisQuantisation] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | apply trellis quantisation |
+| [options.overshootDeringing] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | apply overshoot deringing |
+| [options.optimiseScans] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | optimise progressive scans, forces progressive |
+| [options.optimizeScans] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | alternative spelling of optimiseScans |
+| [options.quantisationTable] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | quantization table to use, integer 0-8 |
+| [options.quantizationTable] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | alternative spelling of quantisationTable |
+| [options.force] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | force JPEG output, otherwise attempt to use input format |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Convert any input to very high quality JPEG output
 const data = await sharp(input)
   .jpeg({
@@ -221,19 +235,17 @@ const data = await sharp(input)
   })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Use mozjpeg to reduce output JPEG file size (slower)
 const data = await sharp(input)
   .jpeg({ mozjpeg: true })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid options
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## png
+> png([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Use these PNG options for output image.
 
@@ -241,82 +253,87 @@ By default, PNG output is full colour at 8 or 16 bits per pixel.
 Indexed PNG input at 1, 2 or 4 bits per pixel is converted to 8 bits per pixel.
 Set `palette` to `true` for slower, indexed PNG output.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][6]?**&#x20;
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.progressive` **[boolean][10]** use progressive (interlace) scan (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.compressionLevel` **[number][12]** zlib compression level, 0 (fastest, largest) to 9 (slowest, smallest) (optional, default `6`)
-    *   `options.adaptiveFiltering` **[boolean][10]** use adaptive row filtering (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.palette` **[boolean][10]** quantise to a palette-based image with alpha transparency support (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.quality` **[number][12]** use the lowest number of colours needed to achieve given quality, sets `palette` to `true` (optional, default `100`)
-    *   `options.effort` **[number][12]** CPU effort, between 1 (fastest) and 10 (slowest), sets `palette` to `true` (optional, default `7`)
-    *   `options.colours` **[number][12]** maximum number of palette entries, sets `palette` to `true` (optional, default `256`)
-    *   `options.colors` **[number][12]** alternative spelling of `options.colours`, sets `palette` to `true` (optional, default `256`)
-    *   `options.dither` **[number][12]** level of Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion, sets `palette` to `true` (optional, default `1.0`)
-    *   `options.force` **[boolean][10]** force PNG output, otherwise attempt to use input format (optional, default `true`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid options
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  |  |
+| [options.progressive] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | use progressive (interlace) scan |
+| [options.compressionLevel] | <code>number</code> | <code>6</code> | zlib compression level, 0 (fastest, largest) to 9 (slowest, smallest) |
+| [options.adaptiveFiltering] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | use adaptive row filtering |
+| [options.palette] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | quantise to a palette-based image with alpha transparency support |
+| [options.quality] | <code>number</code> | <code>100</code> | use the lowest number of colours needed to achieve given quality, sets `palette` to `true` |
+| [options.effort] | <code>number</code> | <code>7</code> | CPU effort, between 1 (fastest) and 10 (slowest), sets `palette` to `true` |
+| [options.colours] | <code>number</code> | <code>256</code> | maximum number of palette entries, sets `palette` to `true` |
+| [options.colors] | <code>number</code> | <code>256</code> | alternative spelling of `options.colours`, sets `palette` to `true` |
+| [options.dither] | <code>number</code> | <code>1.0</code> | level of Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion, sets `palette` to `true` |
+| [options.force] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | force PNG output, otherwise attempt to use input format |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Convert any input to full colour PNG output
 const data = await sharp(input)
   .png()
   .toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Convert any input to indexed PNG output (slower)
 const data = await sharp(input)
   .png({ palette: true })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid options
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## webp
+> webp([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Use these WebP options for output image.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][6]?** output options
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.quality` **[number][12]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `80`)
-    *   `options.alphaQuality` **[number][12]** quality of alpha layer, integer 0-100 (optional, default `100`)
-    *   `options.lossless` **[boolean][10]** use lossless compression mode (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.nearLossless` **[boolean][10]** use near\_lossless compression mode (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.smartSubsample` **[boolean][10]** use high quality chroma subsampling (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.effort` **[number][12]** CPU effort, between 0 (fastest) and 6 (slowest) (optional, default `4`)
-    *   `options.loop` **[number][12]** number of animation iterations, use 0 for infinite animation (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.delay` **([number][12] | [Array][13]<[number][12]>)?** delay(s) between animation frames (in milliseconds)
-    *   `options.minSize` **[boolean][10]** prevent use of animation key frames to minimise file size (slow) (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.mixed` **[boolean][10]** allow mixture of lossy and lossless animation frames (slow) (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.force` **[boolean][10]** force WebP output, otherwise attempt to use input format (optional, default `true`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid options
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  | output options |
+| [options.quality] | <code>number</code> | <code>80</code> | quality, integer 1-100 |
+| [options.alphaQuality] | <code>number</code> | <code>100</code> | quality of alpha layer, integer 0-100 |
+| [options.lossless] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | use lossless compression mode |
+| [options.nearLossless] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | use near_lossless compression mode |
+| [options.smartSubsample] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | use high quality chroma subsampling |
+| [options.preset] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;default&#x27;&quot;</code> | named preset for preprocessing/filtering, one of: default, photo, picture, drawing, icon, text |
+| [options.effort] | <code>number</code> | <code>4</code> | CPU effort, between 0 (fastest) and 6 (slowest) |
+| [options.loop] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | number of animation iterations, use 0 for infinite animation |
+| [options.delay] | <code>number</code> \| <code>Array.&lt;number&gt;</code> |  | delay(s) between animation frames (in milliseconds) |
+| [options.minSize] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | prevent use of animation key frames to minimise file size (slow) |
+| [options.mixed] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | allow mixture of lossy and lossless animation frames (slow) |
+| [options.force] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | force WebP output, otherwise attempt to use input format |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Convert any input to lossless WebP output
 const data = await sharp(input)
   .webp({ lossless: true })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Optimise the file size of an animated WebP
 const outputWebp = await sharp(inputWebp, { animated: true })
   .webp({ effort: 6 })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid options
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## gif
+> gif([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Use these GIF options for the output image.
 
@@ -324,79 +341,92 @@ The first entry in the palette is reserved for transparency.
 
 The palette of the input image will be re-used if possible.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][6]?** output options
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.reoptimise` **[boolean][10]** always generate new palettes (slow), re-use existing by default (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.reoptimize` **[boolean][10]** alternative spelling of `options.reoptimise` (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.colours` **[number][12]** maximum number of palette entries, including transparency, between 2 and 256 (optional, default `256`)
-    *   `options.colors` **[number][12]** alternative spelling of `options.colours` (optional, default `256`)
-    *   `options.effort` **[number][12]** CPU effort, between 1 (fastest) and 10 (slowest) (optional, default `7`)
-    *   `options.dither` **[number][12]** level of Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion, between 0 (least) and 1 (most) (optional, default `1.0`)
-    *   `options.loop` **[number][12]** number of animation iterations, use 0 for infinite animation (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.delay` **([number][12] | [Array][13]<[number][12]>)?** delay(s) between animation frames (in milliseconds)
-    *   `options.force` **[boolean][10]** force GIF output, otherwise attempt to use input format (optional, default `true`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid options
 
-### Examples
+**Since**: 0.30.0  
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  | output options |
+| [options.reuse] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | re-use existing palette, otherwise generate new (slow) |
+| [options.progressive] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | use progressive (interlace) scan |
+| [options.colours] | <code>number</code> | <code>256</code> | maximum number of palette entries, including transparency, between 2 and 256 |
+| [options.colors] | <code>number</code> | <code>256</code> | alternative spelling of `options.colours` |
+| [options.effort] | <code>number</code> | <code>7</code> | CPU effort, between 1 (fastest) and 10 (slowest) |
+| [options.dither] | <code>number</code> | <code>1.0</code> | level of Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion, between 0 (least) and 1 (most) |
+| [options.interFrameMaxError] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | maximum inter-frame error for transparency, between 0 (lossless) and 32 |
+| [options.interPaletteMaxError] | <code>number</code> | <code>3</code> | maximum inter-palette error for palette reuse, between 0 and 256 |
+| [options.loop] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | number of animation iterations, use 0 for infinite animation |
+| [options.delay] | <code>number</code> \| <code>Array.&lt;number&gt;</code> |  | delay(s) between animation frames (in milliseconds) |
+| [options.force] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | force GIF output, otherwise attempt to use input format |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Convert PNG to GIF
 await sharp(pngBuffer)
   .gif()
   .toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Convert animated WebP to animated GIF
 await sharp('animated.webp', { animated: true })
   .toFile('animated.gif');
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Create a 128x128, cropped, non-dithered, animated thumbnail of an animated GIF
 const out = await sharp('in.gif', { animated: true })
   .resize({ width: 128, height: 128 })
   .gif({ dither: 0 })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
+**Example**  
+```js
+// Lossy file size reduction of animated GIF
+await sharp('in.gif', { animated: true })
+  .gif({ interFrameMaxError: 8 })
+  .toFile('optim.gif');
+```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid options
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
-
-**Meta**
-
-*   **since**: 0.30.0
 
 ## jp2
+> jp2([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Use these JP2 options for output image.
 
 Requires libvips compiled with support for OpenJPEG.
 The prebuilt binaries do not include this - see
-[installing a custom libvips][14].
+[installing a custom libvips](https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install#custom-libvips).
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][6]?** output options
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.quality` **[number][12]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `80`)
-    *   `options.lossless` **[boolean][10]** use lossless compression mode (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.tileWidth` **[number][12]** horizontal tile size (optional, default `512`)
-    *   `options.tileHeight` **[number][12]** vertical tile size (optional, default `512`)
-    *   `options.chromaSubsampling` **[string][2]** set to '4:2:0' to use chroma subsampling (optional, default `'4:4:4'`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid options
 
-### Examples
+**Since**: 0.29.1  
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  | output options |
+| [options.quality] | <code>number</code> | <code>80</code> | quality, integer 1-100 |
+| [options.lossless] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | use lossless compression mode |
+| [options.tileWidth] | <code>number</code> | <code>512</code> | horizontal tile size |
+| [options.tileHeight] | <code>number</code> | <code>512</code> | vertical tile size |
+| [options.chromaSubsampling] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;4:4:4&#x27;&quot;</code> | set to '4:2:0' to use chroma subsampling |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Convert any input to lossless JP2 output
 const data = await sharp(input)
   .jp2({ lossless: true })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Convert any input to very high quality JP2 output
 const data = await sharp(input)
   .jp2({
@@ -406,40 +436,39 @@ const data = await sharp(input)
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid options
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
-
-**Meta**
-
-*   **since**: 0.29.1
 
 ## tiff
+> tiff([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Use these TIFF options for output image.
 
-The `density` can be set in pixels/inch via [withMetadata][1] instead of providing `xres` and `yres` in pixels/mm.
+The `density` can be set in pixels/inch via [withMetadata](#withmetadata)
+instead of providing `xres` and `yres` in pixels/mm.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][6]?** output options
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.quality` **[number][12]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `80`)
-    *   `options.force` **[boolean][10]** force TIFF output, otherwise attempt to use input format (optional, default `true`)
-    *   `options.compression` **[string][2]** compression options: none, jpeg, deflate, packbits, ccittfax4, lzw, webp, zstd, jp2k (optional, default `'jpeg'`)
-    *   `options.predictor` **[string][2]** compression predictor options: none, horizontal, float (optional, default `'horizontal'`)
-    *   `options.pyramid` **[boolean][10]** write an image pyramid (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.tile` **[boolean][10]** write a tiled tiff (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.tileWidth` **[number][12]** horizontal tile size (optional, default `256`)
-    *   `options.tileHeight` **[number][12]** vertical tile size (optional, default `256`)
-    *   `options.xres` **[number][12]** horizontal resolution in pixels/mm (optional, default `1.0`)
-    *   `options.yres` **[number][12]** vertical resolution in pixels/mm (optional, default `1.0`)
-    *   `options.resolutionUnit` **[string][2]** resolution unit options: inch, cm (optional, default `'inch'`)
-    *   `options.bitdepth` **[number][12]** reduce bitdepth to 1, 2 or 4 bit (optional, default `8`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid options
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  | output options |
+| [options.quality] | <code>number</code> | <code>80</code> | quality, integer 1-100 |
+| [options.force] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | force TIFF output, otherwise attempt to use input format |
+| [options.compression] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;jpeg&#x27;&quot;</code> | compression options: none, jpeg, deflate, packbits, ccittfax4, lzw, webp, zstd, jp2k |
+| [options.predictor] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;horizontal&#x27;&quot;</code> | compression predictor options: none, horizontal, float |
+| [options.pyramid] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | write an image pyramid |
+| [options.tile] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | write a tiled tiff |
+| [options.tileWidth] | <code>number</code> | <code>256</code> | horizontal tile size |
+| [options.tileHeight] | <code>number</code> | <code>256</code> | vertical tile size |
+| [options.xres] | <code>number</code> | <code>1.0</code> | horizontal resolution in pixels/mm |
+| [options.yres] | <code>number</code> | <code>1.0</code> | vertical resolution in pixels/mm |
+| [options.resolutionUnit] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;inch&#x27;&quot;</code> | resolution unit options: inch, cm |
+| [options.bitdepth] | <code>number</code> | <code>8</code> | reduce bitdepth to 1, 2 or 4 bit |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Convert SVG input to LZW-compressed, 1 bit per pixel TIFF output
 sharp('input.svg')
   .tiff({
@@ -450,105 +479,133 @@ sharp('input.svg')
   .then(info => { ... });
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid options
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## avif
+> avif([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Use these AVIF options for output image.
 
-Whilst it is possible to create AVIF images smaller than 16x16 pixels,
-most web browsers do not display these properly.
-
 AVIF image sequences are not supported.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][6]?** output options
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.quality` **[number][12]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `50`)
-    *   `options.lossless` **[boolean][10]** use lossless compression (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.effort` **[number][12]** CPU effort, between 0 (fastest) and 9 (slowest) (optional, default `4`)
-    *   `options.chromaSubsampling` **[string][2]** set to '4:2:0' to use chroma subsampling (optional, default `'4:4:4'`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid options
 
-### Examples
+**Since**: 0.27.0  
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  | output options |
+| [options.quality] | <code>number</code> | <code>50</code> | quality, integer 1-100 |
+| [options.lossless] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | use lossless compression |
+| [options.effort] | <code>number</code> | <code>4</code> | CPU effort, between 0 (fastest) and 9 (slowest) |
+| [options.chromaSubsampling] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;4:4:4&#x27;&quot;</code> | set to '4:2:0' to use chroma subsampling |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 const data = await sharp(input)
   .avif({ effort: 2 })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const data = await sharp(input)
   .avif({ lossless: true })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid options
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
-
-**Meta**
-
-*   **since**: 0.27.0
 
 ## heif
+> heif(options) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Use these HEIF options for output image.
 
 Support for patent-encumbered HEIC images using `hevc` compression requires the use of a
 globally-installed libvips compiled with support for libheif, libde265 and x265.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][6]?** output options
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.quality` **[number][12]** quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default `50`)
-    *   `options.compression` **[string][2]** compression format: av1, hevc (optional, default `'av1'`)
-    *   `options.lossless` **[boolean][10]** use lossless compression (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.effort` **[number][12]** CPU effort, between 0 (fastest) and 9 (slowest) (optional, default `4`)
-    *   `options.chromaSubsampling` **[string][2]** set to '4:2:0' to use chroma subsampling (optional, default `'4:4:4'`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid options
 
-### Examples
+**Since**: 0.23.0  
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| options | <code>Object</code> |  | output options |
+| options.compression | <code>string</code> |  | compression format: av1, hevc |
+| [options.quality] | <code>number</code> | <code>50</code> | quality, integer 1-100 |
+| [options.lossless] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | use lossless compression |
+| [options.effort] | <code>number</code> | <code>4</code> | CPU effort, between 0 (fastest) and 9 (slowest) |
+| [options.chromaSubsampling] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;4:4:4&#x27;&quot;</code> | set to '4:2:0' to use chroma subsampling |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 const data = await sharp(input)
   .heif({ compression: 'hevc' })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid options
 
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
+## jxl
+> jxl([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
+
+Use these JPEG-XL (JXL) options for output image.
+
+This feature is experimental, please do not use in production systems.
+
+Requires libvips compiled with support for libjxl.
+The prebuilt binaries do not include this - see
+[installing a custom libvips](https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install#custom-libvips).
+
+Image metadata (EXIF, XMP) is unsupported.
+
+
+**Throws**:
+
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid options
+
+**Since**: 0.31.3  
+
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  | output options |
+| [options.distance] | <code>number</code> | <code>1.0</code> | maximum encoding error, between 0 (highest quality) and 15 (lowest quality) |
+| [options.quality] | <code>number</code> |  | calculate `distance` based on JPEG-like quality, between 1 and 100, overrides distance if specified |
+| [options.decodingTier] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | target decode speed tier, between 0 (highest quality) and 4 (lowest quality) |
+| [options.lossless] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | use lossless compression |
+| [options.effort] | <code>number</code> | <code>7</code> | CPU effort, between 3 (fastest) and 9 (slowest) |
 
-**Meta**
 
-*   **since**: 0.23.0
 
 ## raw
+> raw([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Force output to be raw, uncompressed pixel data.
 Pixel ordering is left-to-right, top-to-bottom, without padding.
 Channel ordering will be RGB or RGBA for non-greyscale colourspaces.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][6]?** output options
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.depth` **[string][2]** bit depth, one of: char, uchar (default), short, ushort, int, uint, float, complex, double, dpcomplex (optional, default `'uchar'`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid options
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  | output options |
+| [options.depth] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;uchar&#x27;&quot;</code> | bit depth, one of: char, uchar (default), short, ushort, int, uint, float, complex, double, dpcomplex |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Extract raw, unsigned 8-bit RGB pixel data from JPEG input
 const { data, info } = await sharp('input.jpg')
   .raw()
   .toBuffer({ resolveWithObject: true });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Extract alpha channel as raw, unsigned 16-bit pixel data from PNG input
 const data = await sharp('input.png')
   .ensureAlpha()
@@ -558,9 +615,9 @@ const data = await sharp('input.png')
   .toBuffer();
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid options
 
 ## tile
+> tile([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Use tile-based deep zoom (image pyramid) output.
 
@@ -569,26 +626,34 @@ Use a `.zip` or `.szi` file extension with `toFile` to write to a compressed arc
 
 The container will be set to `zip` when the output is a Buffer or Stream, otherwise it will default to `fs`.
 
-### Parameters
+Requires libvips compiled with support for libgsf.
+The prebuilt binaries do not include this - see
+[installing a custom libvips](https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install#custom-libvips).
 
-*   `options` **[Object][6]?**&#x20;
 
-    *   `options.size` **[number][12]** tile size in pixels, a value between 1 and 8192. (optional, default `256`)
-    *   `options.overlap` **[number][12]** tile overlap in pixels, a value between 0 and 8192. (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.angle` **[number][12]** tile angle of rotation, must be a multiple of 90. (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `options.background` **([string][2] | [Object][6])** background colour, parsed by the [color][15] module, defaults to white without transparency. (optional, default `{r:255,g:255,b:255,alpha:1}`)
-    *   `options.depth` **[string][2]?** how deep to make the pyramid, possible values are `onepixel`, `onetile` or `one`, default based on layout.
-    *   `options.skipBlanks` **[number][12]** threshold to skip tile generation, a value 0 - 255 for 8-bit images or 0 - 65535 for 16-bit images (optional, default `-1`)
-    *   `options.container` **[string][2]** tile container, with value `fs` (filesystem) or `zip` (compressed file). (optional, default `'fs'`)
-    *   `options.layout` **[string][2]** filesystem layout, possible values are `dz`, `iiif`, `iiif3`, `zoomify` or `google`. (optional, default `'dz'`)
-    *   `options.centre` **[boolean][10]** centre image in tile. (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.center` **[boolean][10]** alternative spelling of centre. (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.id` **[string][2]** when `layout` is `iiif`/`iiif3`, sets the `@id`/`id` attribute of `info.json` (optional, default `'https://example.com/iiif'`)
-    *   `options.basename` **[string][2]?** the name of the directory within the zip file when container is `zip`.
+**Throws**:
 
-### Examples
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-```javascript
+
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  |  |
+| [options.size] | <code>number</code> | <code>256</code> | tile size in pixels, a value between 1 and 8192. |
+| [options.overlap] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | tile overlap in pixels, a value between 0 and 8192. |
+| [options.angle] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> | tile angle of rotation, must be a multiple of 90. |
+| [options.background] | <code>string</code> \| <code>Object</code> | <code>&quot;{r: 255, g: 255, b: 255, alpha: 1}&quot;</code> | background colour, parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module, defaults to white without transparency. |
+| [options.depth] | <code>string</code> |  | how deep to make the pyramid, possible values are `onepixel`, `onetile` or `one`, default based on layout. |
+| [options.skipBlanks] | <code>number</code> | <code>-1</code> | threshold to skip tile generation, a value 0 - 255 for 8-bit images or 0 - 65535 for 16-bit images |
+| [options.container] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;fs&#x27;&quot;</code> | tile container, with value `fs` (filesystem) or `zip` (compressed file). |
+| [options.layout] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;dz&#x27;&quot;</code> | filesystem layout, possible values are `dz`, `iiif`, `iiif3`, `zoomify` or `google`. |
+| [options.centre] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | centre image in tile. |
+| [options.center] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | alternative spelling of centre. |
+| [options.id] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;https://example.com/iiif&#x27;&quot;</code> | when `layout` is `iiif`/`iiif3`, sets the `@id`/`id` attribute of `info.json` |
+| [options.basename] | <code>string</code> |  | the name of the directory within the zip file when container is `zip`. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp('input.tiff')
   .png()
   .tile({
@@ -599,25 +664,23 @@ sharp('input.tiff')
     // output_files contains 512x512 tiles grouped by zoom level
   });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const zipFileWithTiles = await sharp(input)
   .tile({ basename: "tiles" })
   .toBuffer();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const iiififier = sharp().tile({ layout: "iiif" });
 readableStream
   .pipe(iiififier)
   .pipe(writeableStream);
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][4]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## timeout
+> timeout(options) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Set a timeout for processing, in seconds.
 Use a value of zero to continue processing indefinitely, the default behaviour.
@@ -625,15 +688,16 @@ Use a value of zero to continue processing indefinitely, the default behaviour.
 The clock starts when libvips opens an input image for processing.
 Time spent waiting for a libuv thread to become available is not included.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][6]**&#x20;
+**Since**: 0.29.2  
 
-    *   `options.seconds` **[number][12]** Number of seconds after which processing will be stopped
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| options | <code>Object</code> |  |
+| options.seconds | <code>number</code> | Number of seconds after which processing will be stopped |
 
-### Examples
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Ensure processing takes no longer than 3 seconds
 try {
   const data = await sharp(input)
@@ -643,40 +707,4 @@ try {
 } catch (err) {
   if (err.message.includes('timeout')) { ... }
 }
-```
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
-
-**Meta**
-
-*   **since**: 0.29.2
-
-[1]: #withmetadata
-
-[2]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String
-
-[3]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/function
-
-[4]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error
-
-[5]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise
-
-[6]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object
-
-[7]: #toformat
-
-[8]: #jpeg
-
-[9]: #png
-
-[10]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean
-
-[11]: https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html
-
-[12]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number
-
-[13]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array
-
-[14]: https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install#custom-libvips
-
-[15]: https://www.npmjs.org/package/color
+```

docs/api-resize.md

@@ -1,63 +1,64 @@
-<!-- Generated by documentation.js. Update this documentation by updating the source code. -->
-
 ## resize
+> resize([width], [height], [options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Resize image to `width`, `height` or `width x height`.
 
 When both a `width` and `height` are provided, the possible methods by which the image should **fit** these are:
+- `cover`: (default) Preserving aspect ratio, attempt to ensure the image covers both provided dimensions by cropping/clipping to fit.
+- `contain`: Preserving aspect ratio, contain within both provided dimensions using "letterboxing" where necessary.
+- `fill`: Ignore the aspect ratio of the input and stretch to both provided dimensions.
+- `inside`: Preserving aspect ratio, resize the image to be as large as possible while ensuring its dimensions are less than or equal to both those specified.
+- `outside`: Preserving aspect ratio, resize the image to be as small as possible while ensuring its dimensions are greater than or equal to both those specified.
 
-*   `cover`: (default) Preserving aspect ratio, ensure the image covers both provided dimensions by cropping/clipping to fit.
-*   `contain`: Preserving aspect ratio, contain within both provided dimensions using "letterboxing" where necessary.
-*   `fill`: Ignore the aspect ratio of the input and stretch to both provided dimensions.
-*   `inside`: Preserving aspect ratio, resize the image to be as large as possible while ensuring its dimensions are less than or equal to both those specified.
-*   `outside`: Preserving aspect ratio, resize the image to be as small as possible while ensuring its dimensions are greater than or equal to both those specified.
+Some of these values are based on the [object-fit](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/object-fit) CSS property.
 
-Some of these values are based on the [object-fit][1] CSS property.
+<img alt="Examples of various values for the fit property when resizing" width="100%" style="aspect-ratio: 998/243" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/lovell/sharp@main/docs/image/api-resize-fit.svg">
 
 When using a **fit** of `cover` or `contain`, the default **position** is `centre`. Other options are:
+- `sharp.position`: `top`, `right top`, `right`, `right bottom`, `bottom`, `left bottom`, `left`, `left top`.
+- `sharp.gravity`: `north`, `northeast`, `east`, `southeast`, `south`, `southwest`, `west`, `northwest`, `center` or `centre`.
+- `sharp.strategy`: `cover` only, dynamically crop using either the `entropy` or `attention` strategy.
 
-*   `sharp.position`: `top`, `right top`, `right`, `right bottom`, `bottom`, `left bottom`, `left`, `left top`.
-*   `sharp.gravity`: `north`, `northeast`, `east`, `southeast`, `south`, `southwest`, `west`, `northwest`, `center` or `centre`.
-*   `sharp.strategy`: `cover` only, dynamically crop using either the `entropy` or `attention` strategy.
-
-Some of these values are based on the [object-position][2] CSS property.
+Some of these values are based on the [object-position](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/object-position) CSS property.
 
 The experimental strategy-based approach resizes so one dimension is at its target length
 then repeatedly ranks edge regions, discarding the edge with the lowest score based on the selected strategy.
-
-*   `entropy`: focus on the region with the highest [Shannon entropy][3].
-*   `attention`: focus on the region with the highest luminance frequency, colour saturation and presence of skin tones.
+- `entropy`: focus on the region with the highest [Shannon entropy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy_%28information_theory%29).
+- `attention`: focus on the region with the highest luminance frequency, colour saturation and presence of skin tones.
 
 Possible interpolation kernels are:
-
-*   `nearest`: Use [nearest neighbour interpolation][4].
-*   `cubic`: Use a [Catmull-Rom spline][5].
-*   `mitchell`: Use a [Mitchell-Netravali spline][6].
-*   `lanczos2`: Use a [Lanczos kernel][7] with `a=2`.
-*   `lanczos3`: Use a Lanczos kernel with `a=3` (the default).
+- `nearest`: Use [nearest neighbour interpolation](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nearest-neighbor_interpolation).
+- `cubic`: Use a [Catmull-Rom spline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centripetal_Catmull%E2%80%93Rom_spline).
+- `mitchell`: Use a [Mitchell-Netravali spline](https://www.cs.utexas.edu/~fussell/courses/cs384g-fall2013/lectures/mitchell/Mitchell.pdf).
+- `lanczos2`: Use a [Lanczos kernel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanczos_resampling#Lanczos_kernel) with `a=2`.
+- `lanczos3`: Use a Lanczos kernel with `a=3` (the default).
 
 Only one resize can occur per pipeline.
 Previous calls to `resize` in the same pipeline will be ignored.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `width` **[number][8]?** pixels wide the resultant image should be. Use `null` or `undefined` to auto-scale the width to match the height.
-*   `height` **[number][8]?** pixels high the resultant image should be. Use `null` or `undefined` to auto-scale the height to match the width.
-*   `options` **[Object][9]?**&#x20;
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.width` **[String][10]?** alternative means of specifying `width`. If both are present this take priority.
-    *   `options.height` **[String][10]?** alternative means of specifying `height`. If both are present this take priority.
-    *   `options.fit` **[String][10]** how the image should be resized to fit both provided dimensions, one of `cover`, `contain`, `fill`, `inside` or `outside`. (optional, default `'cover'`)
-    *   `options.position` **[String][10]** position, gravity or strategy to use when `fit` is `cover` or `contain`. (optional, default `'centre'`)
-    *   `options.background` **([String][10] | [Object][9])** background colour when `fit` is `contain`, parsed by the [color][11] module, defaults to black without transparency. (optional, default `{r:0,g:0,b:0,alpha:1}`)
-    *   `options.kernel` **[String][10]** the kernel to use for image reduction. (optional, default `'lanczos3'`)
-    *   `options.withoutEnlargement` **[Boolean][12]** do not enlarge if the width *or* height are already less than the specified dimensions, equivalent to GraphicsMagick's `>` geometry option. (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.withoutReduction` **[Boolean][12]** do not reduce if the width *or* height are already greater than the specified dimensions, equivalent to GraphicsMagick's `<` geometry option. (optional, default `false`)
-    *   `options.fastShrinkOnLoad` **[Boolean][12]** take greater advantage of the JPEG and WebP shrink-on-load feature, which can lead to a slight moiré pattern on some images. (optional, default `true`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [width] | <code>number</code> |  | How many pixels wide the resultant image should be. Use `null` or `undefined` to auto-scale the width to match the height. |
+| [height] | <code>number</code> |  | How many pixels high the resultant image should be. Use `null` or `undefined` to auto-scale the height to match the width. |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  |  |
+| [options.width] | <code>number</code> |  | An alternative means of specifying `width`. If both are present this takes priority. |
+| [options.height] | <code>number</code> |  | An alternative means of specifying `height`. If both are present this takes priority. |
+| [options.fit] | <code>String</code> | <code>&#x27;cover&#x27;</code> | How the image should be resized/cropped to fit the target dimension(s), one of `cover`, `contain`, `fill`, `inside` or `outside`. |
+| [options.position] | <code>String</code> | <code>&#x27;centre&#x27;</code> | A position, gravity or strategy to use when `fit` is `cover` or `contain`. |
+| [options.background] | <code>String</code> \| <code>Object</code> | <code>{r: 0, g: 0, b: 0, alpha: 1}</code> | background colour when `fit` is `contain`, parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module, defaults to black without transparency. |
+| [options.kernel] | <code>String</code> | <code>&#x27;lanczos3&#x27;</code> | The kernel to use for image reduction. Use the `fastShrinkOnLoad` option to control kernel vs shrink-on-load. |
+| [options.withoutEnlargement] | <code>Boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | Do not scale up if the width *or* height are already less than the target dimensions, equivalent to GraphicsMagick's `>` geometry option. This may result in output dimensions smaller than the target dimensions. |
+| [options.withoutReduction] | <code>Boolean</code> | <code>false</code> | Do not scale down if the width *or* height are already greater than the target dimensions, equivalent to GraphicsMagick's `<` geometry option. This may still result in a crop to reach the target dimensions. |
+| [options.fastShrinkOnLoad] | <code>Boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | Take greater advantage of the JPEG and WebP shrink-on-load feature, which can lead to a slight moiré pattern or round-down of an auto-scaled dimension. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp(input)
   .resize({ width: 100 })
   .toBuffer()
@@ -65,8 +66,8 @@ sharp(input)
     // 100 pixels wide, auto-scaled height
   });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp(input)
   .resize({ height: 100 })
   .toBuffer()
@@ -74,8 +75,8 @@ sharp(input)
     // 100 pixels high, auto-scaled width
   });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp(input)
   .resize(200, 300, {
     kernel: sharp.kernel.nearest,
@@ -90,8 +91,8 @@ sharp(input)
     // contained within the north-east corner of a semi-transparent white canvas
   });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const transformer = sharp()
   .resize({
     width: 200,
@@ -105,8 +106,8 @@ readableStream
   .pipe(transformer)
   .pipe(writableStream);
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp(input)
   .resize(200, 200, {
     fit: sharp.fit.inside,
@@ -120,8 +121,8 @@ sharp(input)
     // and no larger than the input image
   });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp(input)
   .resize(200, 200, {
     fit: sharp.fit.outside,
@@ -135,8 +136,8 @@ sharp(input)
     // and no smaller than the input image
   });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const scaleByHalf = await sharp(input)
   .metadata()
   .then(({ width }) => sharp(input)
@@ -145,28 +146,32 @@ const scaleByHalf = await sharp(input)
   );
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][13]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## extend
+> extend(extend) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
-Extends/pads the edges of the image with the provided background colour.
+Extend / pad / extrude one or more edges of the image with either
+the provided background colour or pixels derived from the image.
 This operation will always occur after resizing and extraction, if any.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `extend` **([number][8] | [Object][9])** single pixel count to add to all edges or an Object with per-edge counts
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `extend.top` **[number][8]**  (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `extend.left` **[number][8]**  (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `extend.bottom` **[number][8]**  (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `extend.right` **[number][8]**  (optional, default `0`)
-    *   `extend.background` **([String][10] | [Object][9])** background colour, parsed by the [color][11] module, defaults to black without transparency. (optional, default `{r:0,g:0,b:0,alpha:1}`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| extend | <code>number</code> \| <code>Object</code> |  | single pixel count to add to all edges or an Object with per-edge counts |
+| [extend.top] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> |  |
+| [extend.left] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> |  |
+| [extend.bottom] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> |  |
+| [extend.right] | <code>number</code> | <code>0</code> |  |
+| [extend.extendWith] | <code>String</code> | <code>&#x27;background&#x27;</code> | populate new pixels using this method, one of: background, copy, repeat, mirror. |
+| [extend.background] | <code>String</code> \| <code>Object</code> | <code>{r: 0, g: 0, b: 0, alpha: 1}</code> | background colour, parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module, defaults to black without transparency. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Resize to 140 pixels wide, then add 10 transparent pixels
 // to the top, left and right edges and 20 to the bottom edge
 sharp(input)
@@ -180,8 +185,8 @@ sharp(input)
   })
   ...
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Add a row of 10 red pixels to the bottom
 sharp(input)
   .extend({
@@ -190,39 +195,51 @@ sharp(input)
   })
   ...
 ```
+**Example**  
+```js
+// Extrude image by 8 pixels to the right, mirroring existing right hand edge
+sharp(input)
+  .extend({
+    right: 8,
+    background: 'mirror'
+  })
+  ...
+```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][13]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## extract
+> extract(options) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Extract/crop a region of the image.
 
-*   Use `extract` before `resize` for pre-resize extraction.
-*   Use `extract` after `resize` for post-resize extraction.
-*   Use `extract` before and after for both.
+- Use `extract` before `resize` for pre-resize extraction.
+- Use `extract` after `resize` for post-resize extraction.
+- Use `extract` twice and `resize` once for extract-then-resize-then-extract in a fixed operation order.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **[Object][9]** describes the region to extract using integral pixel values
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `options.left` **[number][8]** zero-indexed offset from left edge
-    *   `options.top` **[number][8]** zero-indexed offset from top edge
-    *   `options.width` **[number][8]** width of region to extract
-    *   `options.height` **[number][8]** height of region to extract
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| options | <code>Object</code> | describes the region to extract using integral pixel values |
+| options.left | <code>number</code> | zero-indexed offset from left edge |
+| options.top | <code>number</code> | zero-indexed offset from top edge |
+| options.width | <code>number</code> | width of region to extract |
+| options.height | <code>number</code> | height of region to extract |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp(input)
   .extract({ left: left, top: top, width: width, height: height })
   .toFile(output, function(err) {
     // Extract a region of the input image, saving in the same format.
   });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp(input)
   .extract({ left: leftOffsetPre, top: topOffsetPre, width: widthPre, height: heightPre })
   .resize(width, height)
@@ -232,11 +249,9 @@ sharp(input)
   });
 ```
 
-*   Throws **[Error][13]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
 
 ## trim
+> trim(trim) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
 
 Trim pixels from all edges that contain values similar to the given background colour, which defaults to that of the top-left pixel.
 
@@ -247,16 +262,20 @@ If the result of this operation would trim an image to nothing then no change is
 The `info` response Object, obtained from callback of `.toFile()` or `.toBuffer()`,
 will contain `trimOffsetLeft` and `trimOffsetTop` properties.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `trim` **([string][10] | [number][8] | [Object][9])** the specific background colour to trim, the threshold for doing so or an Object with both.
+**Throws**:
 
-    *   `trim.background` **([string][10] | [Object][9])** background colour, parsed by the [color][11] module, defaults to that of the top-left pixel. (optional, default `'top-left pixel'`)
-    *   `trim.threshold` **[number][8]** the allowed difference from the above colour, a positive number. (optional, default `10`)
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| trim | <code>string</code> \| <code>number</code> \| <code>Object</code> |  | the specific background colour to trim, the threshold for doing so or an Object with both. |
+| [trim.background] | <code>string</code> \| <code>Object</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;top-left pixel&#x27;&quot;</code> | background colour, parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module, defaults to that of the top-left pixel. |
+| [trim.threshold] | <code>number</code> | <code>10</code> | the allowed difference from the above colour, a positive number. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Trim pixels with a colour similar to that of the top-left pixel.
 sharp(input)
   .trim()
@@ -264,8 +283,8 @@ sharp(input)
     ...
   });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Trim pixels with the exact same colour as that of the top-left pixel.
 sharp(input)
   .trim(0)
@@ -273,8 +292,8 @@ sharp(input)
     ...
   });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Trim only pixels with a similar colour to red.
 sharp(input)
   .trim("#FF0000")
@@ -282,8 +301,8 @@ sharp(input)
     ...
   });
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 // Trim all "yellow-ish" pixels, being more lenient with the higher threshold.
 sharp(input)
   .trim({
@@ -293,34 +312,4 @@ sharp(input)
   .toFile(output, function(err, info) {
     ...
   });
-```
-
-*   Throws **[Error][13]** Invalid parameters
-
-Returns **Sharp**&#x20;
-
-[1]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/object-fit
-
-[2]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/object-position
-
-[3]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy_%28information_theory%29
-
-[4]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nearest-neighbor_interpolation
-
-[5]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centripetal_Catmull%E2%80%93Rom_spline
-
-[6]: https://www.cs.utexas.edu/~fussell/courses/cs384g-fall2013/lectures/mitchell/Mitchell.pdf
-
-[7]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanczos_resampling#Lanczos_kernel
-
-[8]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number
-
-[9]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object
-
-[10]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String
-
-[11]: https://www.npmjs.org/package/color
-
-[12]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean
-
-[13]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error
+```

docs/api-utility.md

@@ -1,101 +1,98 @@
-<!-- Generated by documentation.js. Update this documentation by updating the source code. -->
-
-## format
-
-An Object containing nested boolean values representing the available input and output formats/methods.
-
-### Examples
-
-```javascript
-console.log(sharp.format);
-```
-
-Returns **[Object][1]**&#x20;
-
-## interpolators
-
-An Object containing the available interpolators and their proper values
-
-Type: [string][2]
-
-### nearest
-
-[Nearest neighbour interpolation][3]. Suitable for image enlargement only.
-
-### bilinear
-
-[Bilinear interpolation][4]. Faster than bicubic but with less smooth results.
-
-### bicubic
-
-[Bicubic interpolation][5] (the default).
-
-### locallyBoundedBicubic
-
-[LBB interpolation][6]. Prevents some "[acutance][7]" but typically reduces performance by a factor of 2.
-
-### nohalo
-
-[Nohalo interpolation][8]. Prevents acutance but typically reduces performance by a factor of 3.
-
-### vertexSplitQuadraticBasisSpline
-
-[VSQBS interpolation][9]. Prevents "staircasing" when enlarging.
-
 ## versions
+> versions
 
-An Object containing the version numbers of libvips and its dependencies.
+An Object containing the version numbers of sharp, libvips
+and (when using prebuilt binaries) its dependencies.
 
-### Examples
 
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 console.log(sharp.versions);
 ```
 
-## vendor
 
-An Object containing the platform and architecture
-of the current and installed vendored binaries.
+## interpolators
+> interpolators : <code>enum</code>
 
-### Examples
+An Object containing the available interpolators and their proper values
 
-```javascript
-console.log(sharp.vendor);
+
+**Read only**: true  
+**Properties**
+
+| Name | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| nearest | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;nearest&quot;</code> | [Nearest neighbour interpolation](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nearest-neighbor_interpolation). Suitable for image enlargement only. |
+| bilinear | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;bilinear&quot;</code> | [Bilinear interpolation](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilinear_interpolation). Faster than bicubic but with less smooth results. |
+| bicubic | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;bicubic&quot;</code> | [Bicubic interpolation](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicubic_interpolation) (the default). |
+| locallyBoundedBicubic | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;lbb&quot;</code> | [LBB interpolation](https://github.com/libvips/libvips/blob/master/libvips/resample/lbb.cpp#L100). Prevents some "[acutance](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acutance)" but typically reduces performance by a factor of 2. |
+| nohalo | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;nohalo&quot;</code> | [Nohalo interpolation](http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/268086/). Prevents acutance but typically reduces performance by a factor of 3. |
+| vertexSplitQuadraticBasisSpline | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;vsqbs&quot;</code> | [VSQBS interpolation](https://github.com/libvips/libvips/blob/master/libvips/resample/vsqbs.cpp#L48). Prevents "staircasing" when enlarging. |
+
+
+
+## format
+> format ⇒ <code>Object</code>
+
+An Object containing nested boolean values representing the available input and output formats/methods.
+
+
+**Example**  
+```js
+console.log(sharp.format);
 ```
 
-## cache
 
-Gets or, when options are provided, sets the limits of *libvips'* operation cache.
+## queue
+> queue
+
+An EventEmitter that emits a `change` event when a task is either:
+- queued, waiting for _libuv_ to provide a worker thread
+- complete
+
+
+**Example**  
+```js
+sharp.queue.on('change', function(queueLength) {
+  console.log('Queue contains ' + queueLength + ' task(s)');
+});
+```
+
+
+## cache
+> cache([options]) ⇒ <code>Object</code>
+
+Gets or, when options are provided, sets the limits of _libvips'_ operation cache.
 Existing entries in the cache will be trimmed after any change in limits.
 This method always returns cache statistics,
 useful for determining how much working memory is required for a particular task.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `options` **([Object][1] | [boolean][10])** Object with the following attributes, or boolean where true uses default cache settings and false removes all caching (optional, default `true`)
 
-    *   `options.memory` **[number][11]** is the maximum memory in MB to use for this cache (optional, default `50`)
-    *   `options.files` **[number][11]** is the maximum number of files to hold open (optional, default `20`)
-    *   `options.items` **[number][11]** is the maximum number of operations to cache (optional, default `100`)
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> \| <code>boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | Object with the following attributes, or boolean where true uses default cache settings and false removes all caching |
+| [options.memory] | <code>number</code> | <code>50</code> | is the maximum memory in MB to use for this cache |
+| [options.files] | <code>number</code> | <code>20</code> | is the maximum number of files to hold open |
+| [options.items] | <code>number</code> | <code>100</code> | is the maximum number of operations to cache |
 
-### Examples
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const stats = sharp.cache();
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 sharp.cache( { items: 200 } );
 sharp.cache( { files: 0 } );
 sharp.cache(false);
 ```
 
-Returns **[Object][1]**&#x20;
 
 ## concurrency
+> concurrency([concurrency]) ⇒ <code>number</code>
 
 Gets or, when a concurrency is provided, sets
-the maximum number of threads *libvips* should use to process *each image*.
+the maximum number of threads _libvips_ should use to process _each image_.
 These are from a thread pool managed by glib,
 which helps avoid the overhead of creating new threads.
 
@@ -115,57 +112,43 @@ The maximum number of images that sharp can process in parallel
 is controlled by libuv's `UV_THREADPOOL_SIZE` environment variable,
 which defaults to 4.
 
-[https://nodejs.org/api/cli.html#uv\_threadpool\_sizesize][12]
+https://nodejs.org/api/cli.html#uv_threadpool_sizesize
 
 For example, by default, a machine with 8 CPU cores will process
 4 images in parallel and use up to 8 threads per image,
 so there will be up to 32 concurrent threads.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `concurrency` **[number][11]?**&#x20;
+**Returns**: <code>number</code> - concurrency  
 
-### Examples
+| Param | Type |
+| --- | --- |
+| [concurrency] | <code>number</code> | 
 
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const threads = sharp.concurrency(); // 4
 sharp.concurrency(2); // 2
 sharp.concurrency(0); // 4
 ```
 
-Returns **[number][11]** concurrency
-
-## queue
-
-An EventEmitter that emits a `change` event when a task is either:
-
-*   queued, waiting for *libuv* to provide a worker thread
-*   complete
-
-### Examples
-
-```javascript
-sharp.queue.on('change', function(queueLength) {
-  console.log('Queue contains ' + queueLength + ' task(s)');
-});
-```
 
 ## counters
+> counters() ⇒ <code>Object</code>
 
 Provides access to internal task counters.
+- queue is the number of tasks this module has queued waiting for _libuv_ to provide a worker thread from its pool.
+- process is the number of resize tasks currently being processed.
 
-*   queue is the number of tasks this module has queued waiting for *libuv* to provide a worker thread from its pool.
-*   process is the number of resize tasks currently being processed.
 
-### Examples
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const counters = sharp.counters(); // { queue: 2, process: 4 }
 ```
 
-Returns **[Object][1]**&#x20;
 
 ## simd
+> simd([simd]) ⇒ <code>boolean</code>
 
 Get and set use of SIMD vector unit instructions.
 Requires libvips to have been compiled with liborc support.
@@ -173,44 +156,78 @@ Requires libvips to have been compiled with liborc support.
 Improves the performance of `resize`, `blur` and `sharpen` operations
 by taking advantage of the SIMD vector unit of the CPU, e.g. Intel SSE and ARM NEON.
 
-### Parameters
 
-*   `simd` **[boolean][10]**  (optional, default `true`)
 
-### Examples
+| Param | Type | Default |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [simd] | <code>boolean</code> | <code>true</code> | 
 
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const simd = sharp.simd();
 // simd is `true` if the runtime use of liborc is currently enabled
 ```
-
-```javascript
+**Example**  
+```js
 const simd = sharp.simd(false);
 // prevent libvips from using liborc at runtime
 ```
 
-Returns **[boolean][10]**&#x20;
 
-[1]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object
+## block
+> block(options)
 
-[2]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String
+Block libvips operations at runtime.
 
-[3]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nearest-neighbor_interpolation
+This is in addition to the `VIPS_BLOCK_UNTRUSTED` environment variable,
+which when set will block all "untrusted" operations.
 
-[4]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilinear_interpolation
 
-[5]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicubic_interpolation
+**Since**: 0.32.4  
 
-[6]: https://github.com/libvips/libvips/blob/master/libvips/resample/lbb.cpp#L100
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| options | <code>Object</code> |  |
+| options.operation | <code>Array.&lt;string&gt;</code> | List of libvips low-level operation names to block. |
 
-[7]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acutance
+**Example** *(Block all TIFF input.)*  
+```js
+sharp.block({
+  operation: ['VipsForeignLoadTiff']
+});
+```
 
-[8]: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/268086/
 
-[9]: https://github.com/libvips/libvips/blob/master/libvips/resample/vsqbs.cpp#L48
+## unblock
+> unblock(options)
 
-[10]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean
+Unblock libvips operations at runtime.
 
-[11]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number
+This is useful for defining a list of allowed operations.
 
-[12]: https://nodejs.org/api/cli.html#uv_threadpool_sizesize
+
+**Since**: 0.32.4  
+
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| options | <code>Object</code> |  |
+| options.operation | <code>Array.&lt;string&gt;</code> | List of libvips low-level operation names to unblock. |
+
+**Example** *(Block all input except WebP from the filesystem.)*  
+```js
+sharp.block({
+  operation: ['VipsForeignLoad']
+});
+sharp.unblock({
+  operation: ['VipsForeignLoadWebpFile']
+});
+```
+**Example** *(Block all input except JPEG and PNG from a Buffer or Stream.)*  
+```js
+sharp.block({
+  operation: ['VipsForeignLoad']
+});
+sharp.unblock({
+  operation: ['VipsForeignLoadJpegBuffer', 'VipsForeignLoadPngBuffer']
+});
+```

docs/build.js

@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
 const fs = require('fs').promises;
 const path = require('path');
+const jsdoc2md = require('jsdoc-to-markdown');
 
 [
   'constructor',
@@ -14,13 +18,21 @@ const path = require('path');
   'output',
   'utility'
 ].forEach(async (m) => {
-  const documentation = await import('documentation');
-
   const input = path.join('lib', `${m}.js`);
   const output = path.join('docs', `api-${m}.md`);
 
-  const ast = await documentation.build(input, { shallow: true });
-  const markdown = await documentation.formats.md(ast, { markdownToc: false });
+  const ast = await jsdoc2md.getTemplateData({ files: input });
+  const markdown = await jsdoc2md.render({
+    data: ast,
+    'global-index-format': 'none',
+    'module-index-format': 'none'
+  });
 
-  await fs.writeFile(output, markdown);
+  const cleanMarkdown = markdown
+    .replace(/(## )([A-Za-z0-9]+)([^\n]*)/g, '$1$2\n> $2$3\n') // simplify headings to match those of documentationjs, ensures existing URLs work
+    .replace(/<a name="[A-Za-z0-9+]+"><\/a>/g, '') // remove anchors, let docute add these (at markdown to HTML render time)
+    .replace(/\*\*Kind\*\*: global[^\n]+/g, '') // remove all "global" Kind labels (requires JSDoc refactoring)
+    .trim();
+
+  await fs.writeFile(output, cleanMarkdown);
 });

docs/changelog.md

@@ -1,9 +1,231 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## v0.33 - *gauge*
+
+Requires libvips v8.14.5
+
+### v0.33.0 - TBD
+
+* Drop support for Node.js 14 and 16, now requires Node.js >= 18.17.0
+
+* Prebuilt binaries distributed via npm registry and installed via package manager.
+
+* Building from source requires dependency on `node-addon-api`.
+
+* Remove `sharp.vendor`.
+
+* Make `compression` option of `heif` mandatory to help reduce HEIF vs HEIC confusion.
+  [#3740](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3740)
+
+* Ensure correct interpretation of 16-bit raw input.
+  [#3808](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3808)
+
+## v0.32 - *flow*
+
+Requires libvips v8.14.5
+
+### v0.32.6 - 18th September 2023
+
+* Upgrade to libvips v8.14.5 for upstream bug fixes.
+
+* Ensure composite tile images are fully decoded (regression in 0.32.0).
+  [#3767](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3767)
+
+* Ensure `withMetadata` can add ICC profiles to RGB16 output.
+  [#3773](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3773)
+
+* Ensure `withMetadata` does not reduce 16-bit images to 8-bit (regression in 0.32.5).
+  [#3773](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3773)
+
+* TypeScript: Add definitions for block and unblock.
+  [#3799](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3799)
+  [@ldrick](https://github.com/ldrick)
+
+### v0.32.5 - 15th August 2023
+
+* Upgrade to libvips v8.14.4 for upstream bug fixes.
+
+* TypeScript: Add missing `WebpPresetEnum` to definitions.
+  [#3748](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3748)
+  [@pilotso11](https://github.com/pilotso11)
+
+* Ensure compilation using musl v1.2.4.
+  [#3755](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3755)
+  [@kleisauke](https://github.com/kleisauke)
+
+* Ensure resize with a `fit` of `inside` respects 90/270 degree rotation.
+  [#3756](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3756)
+
+* TypeScript: Ensure `minSize` property of `WebpOptions` is boolean.
+  [#3758](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3758)
+  [@sho-xizz](https://github.com/sho-xizz)
+
+* Ensure `withMetadata` adds default sRGB profile.
+  [#3761](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3761)
+
+### v0.32.4 - 21st July 2023
+
+* Upgrade to libvips v8.14.3 for upstream bug fixes.
+
+* Expose ability to (un)block low-level libvips operations by name.
+
+* Prebuilt binaries: restore support for tile-based output.
+  [#3581](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3581)
+
+### v0.32.3 - 14th July 2023
+
+* Expose `preset` option for WebP output.
+  [#3639](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3639)
+
+* Ensure decoding remains sequential for all operations (regression in 0.32.2).
+  [#3725](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3725)
+
+### v0.32.2 - 11th July 2023
+
+* Limit HEIF output dimensions to 16384x16384, matches libvips.
+
+* Ensure exceptions are not thrown when terminating.
+  [#3569](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3569)
+
+* Ensure the same access method is used for all inputs (regression in 0.32.0).
+  [#3669](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3669)
+
+* Improve detection of jp2 filename extensions.
+  [#3674](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3674)
+  [@bianjunjie1981](https://github.com/bianjunjie1981)
+
+* Guard use of smartcrop premultiplied option to prevent warning (regression in 0.32.1).
+  [#3710](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3710)
+
+* Prevent over-compute in affine-based rotate before resize.
+  [#3722](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3722)
+
+* Allow sequential read for EXIF-based auto-orientation.
+  [#3725](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3725)
+
+### v0.32.1 - 27th April 2023
+
+* Add experimental `unflatten` operation.
+  [#3461](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3461)
+  [@antonmarsden](https://github.com/antonmarsden)
+
+* Ensure use of `flip` operation forces random access read (regression in 0.32.0).
+  [#3600](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3600)
+
+* Ensure `linear` operation works with 16-bit input (regression in 0.31.3).
+  [#3605](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3605)
+
+* Install: ensure proxy URLs are logged correctly.
+  [#3615](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3615)
+  [@TomWis97](https://github.com/TomWis97)
+
+* Ensure profile-less CMYK to CMYK roundtrip skips colourspace conversion.
+  [#3620](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3620)
+
+* Add support for `modulate` operation when using non-sRGB pipeline colourspace.
+  [#3620](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3620)
+
+* Ensure `trim` operation works with CMYK images (regression in 0.31.0).
+  [#3636](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3636)
+
+* Install: coerce libc version to semver.
+  [#3641](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3641)
+
+### v0.32.0 - 24th March 2023
+
+* Default to using sequential rather than random access read where possible.
+
+* Replace GIF output `optimise` / `optimize` option with `reuse`.
+
+* Add `progressive` option to GIF output for interlacing.
+
+* Add `wrap` option to text image creation.
+
+* Add `formatMagick` property to metadata of images loaded via *magick.
+
+* Prefer integer (un)premultiply for faster resizing of RGBA images.
+
+* Add `ignoreIcc` input option to ignore embedded ICC profile.
+
+* Allow use of GPS (IFD3) EXIF metadata.
+  [#2767](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/2767)
+
+* TypeScript definitions are now maintained and published directly, deprecating the `@types/sharp` package.
+  [#3369](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3369)
+
+* Prebuilt binaries: ensure macOS 10.13+ support, as documented.
+  [#3438](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3438)
+
+* Prebuilt binaries: prevent use of glib slice allocator, improves QEMU support.
+  [#3448](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3448)
+
+* Add focus point coordinates to output when using attention based crop.
+  [#3470](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3470)
+  [@ejoebstl](https://github.com/ejoebstl)
+
+* Expose sharp version as `sharp.versions.sharp`.
+  [#3471](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3471)
+
+* Respect `fastShrinkOnLoad` resize option for WebP input.
+  [#3516](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3516)
+
+* Reduce sharpen `sigma` maximum from 10000 to 10.
+  [#3521](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3521)
+
+* Add support for `ArrayBuffer` input.
+  [#3548](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3548)
+  [@kapouer](https://github.com/kapouer)
+
+* Add support to `extend` operation for `extendWith` to allow copy/mirror/repeat.
+  [#3556](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3556)
+  [@janaz](https://github.com/janaz)
+
+* Ensure all async JS callbacks are wrapped to help avoid possible race condition.
+  [#3569](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3569)
+
+* Prebuilt binaries: support for tile-based output temporarily removed due to licensing issue.
+  [#3581](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3581)
+
+* Add support to `normalise` for `lower` and `upper` percentiles.
+  [#3583](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3583)
+  [@LachlanNewman](https://github.com/LachlanNewman)
+
 ## v0.31 - *eagle*
 
 Requires libvips v8.13.3
 
+### v0.31.3 - 21st December 2022
+
+* Add experimental support for JPEG-XL images. Requires libvips compiled with libjxl.
+  [#2731](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/2731)
+
+* Add runtime detection of V8 memory cage, ensures compatibility with Electron 21 onwards.
+  [#3384](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3384)
+
+* Expose `interFrameMaxError` and `interPaletteMaxError` GIF optimisation properties.
+  [#3401](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3401)
+
+* Allow installation on Linux with glibc patch versions e.g. Fedora 38.
+  [#3423](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3423)
+
+* Expand range of existing `sharpen` parameters to match libvips.
+  [#3427](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3427)
+
+* Prevent possible race condition awaiting metadata of Stream-based input.
+  [#3451](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3451)
+
+* Improve `extractChannel` support for 16-bit output colourspaces.
+  [#3453](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3453)
+
+* Ignore `sequentialRead` option when calculating image statistics.
+  [#3462](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3462)
+
+* Small performance improvement for operations that introduce a non-opaque background.
+  [#3465](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3465)
+
+* Ensure integral output of `linear` operation.
+  [#3468](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3468)
+
 ### v0.31.2 - 4th November 2022
 
 * Upgrade to libvips v8.13.3 for upstream bug fixes.

docs/humans.txt

@@ -263,3 +263,15 @@ GitHub: https://github.com/antonmarsden
 
 Name:  Marcos Casagrande
 GitHub: https://github.com/marcosc90
+
+Name: Emanuel Jöbstl
+GitHub: https://github.com/ejoebstl
+
+Name: Tomasz Janowski
+GitHub: https://github.com/janaz
+
+Name: Lachlan Newman
+GitHub: https://github.com/LachlanNewman
+
+Name: BJJ
+GitHub: https://github.com/bianjunjie1981

docs/image/api-resize-fit.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="998" height="243" viewBox="0 0 998 243">
+  <defs>
+    <g id="placeholder">
+      <rect width="180" height="128" fill="#64bed8"/>
+      <circle cx="61.1" cy="36.8" r="19.3" fill="#ffefa9"/>
+      <circle cx="61.1" cy="36.8" r="18.1" fill="#fdda42"/>
+      <path d="m67.2 34.7 15.2 46L90 57.9l30.4 38 7.8-15.2 7.5 15.4H44z" fill="#6a696f"/>
+      <path d="m82.4 80.7-15.2-46-.3 69h22.9z" fill="#474749"/>
+      <path d="m90.1 58 12.2 15 18.2 23-13.9.1z" fill="#474749"/>
+      <path d="M135.8 96H131l-2.8-15.3z" fill="#474749"/>
+      <path d="M35.2 96h107.1c0 1.7-1.4 3.2-3.2 3.2H38.4a3.2 3.2 0 0 1-3.2-3.2z" fill="#b9c861"/>
+      <path d="m67.2 34.7-.1 31-6.2-3-5.3 2.7z" fill="#fff"/>
+      <path d="m67.2 34.7 7.6 23-7.7 8z" fill="#b3b1b4"/>
+      <rect width="30.8" height="7.7" x="71.1" y="27.2" rx="2.8" ry="4.1" fill="#fff"/>
+      <rect width="30.8" height="7.7" x="82.2" y="34.8" rx="2.8" ry="4.1" fill="#fff"/>
+      <rect width="30.8" height="7.7" x="36.2" y="19.6" rx="2.8" ry="4.1" fill="#fff"/>
+      <path d="m89.6 72.8-7.2 7.9L90 57.9l10 23z" fill="#fff"/>
+      <path d="m90.1 58 10 23 2.2-8z" fill="#b3b1b4"/>
+      <path d="M131.2 85.2 137 68l9 17.2-8 6z" fill="#8da128"/>
+      <rect width="109.4" height="6.8" x="33.9" y="99.1" rx="13.2" ry="11.4" fill="#22b0d6"/>
+      <path d="m137 68-5.8 17.2 6.8 6.1.3-13.7z" fill="#727d2e"/>
+      <rect width="83.3" height="6.8" x="50.8" y="103.6" rx="10" ry="11.4" fill="#22b0d6"/>
+      <rect width=".7" height="18.4" x="138" y="77.6" fill="#585657"/>
+      <rect width=".5" height="5.2" x="2" y="-161.3" fill="#585657" transform="rotate(120)"/>
+      <rect width=".5" height="5.3" x="5.5" y="-163.3" fill="#585657" transform="rotate(120)"/>
+      <rect width=".5" height="4.8" x="-142.4" y="77.7" fill="#585657" transform="rotate(240)"/>
+      <rect width=".5" height="5.1" x="-146" y="75.6" fill="#585657" transform="rotate(240)"/>
+    </g>
+    <pattern id="img" height="100%" width="100%" viewBox="0 0 180 128">
+      <use xlink:href="#placeholder"/>
+    </pattern>
+    <pattern id="img-fill" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 180 128" preserveAspectRatio="none">
+      <use xlink:href="#placeholder"/>
+    </pattern>
+  </defs>
+  <rect x="0" y="0" width="998" height="243" fill="#ddd"/>
+  <g id="cover">
+    <rect x="22" y="28" width="180" height="132" fill="url(#img)"/>
+    <rect x="48" y="30" width="128" height="128" fill="none" stroke="#000" stroke-width="4"/>
+    <text x="112" y="85%" dominant-baseline="middle" text-anchor="middle" font-family="sans" font-size="32" font-weight="bold">cover</text>
+  </g>
+  <g id="contain">
+    <rect x="240" y="30" width="128" height="128" fill="url(#img)" stroke="#000" stroke-width="4"/>
+    <text x="304" y="85%" dominant-baseline="middle" text-anchor="middle" font-family="sans" font-size="32" font-weight="bold" fill="#555">contain</text>
+  </g>
+  <g id="fill">
+    <rect x="432" y="30" width="128" height="128" fill="url(#img-fill)" stroke="#000" stroke-width="4"/>
+    <text x="496" y="85%" dominant-baseline="middle" text-anchor="middle" font-family="sans" font-size="32" font-weight="bold">fill</text>
+  </g>
+  <g id="inside">
+    <rect x="624" y="48" width="128" height="92" fill="url(#img)" stroke="#000" stroke-width="4"/>
+    <rect x="624" y="30" width="128" height="128" fill="none" stroke="#000" stroke-width="4" stroke-dasharray="12 4" stroke-dashoffset="6"/>
+    <text x="688" y="85%" dominant-baseline="middle" text-anchor="middle" font-family="sans" font-size="32" font-weight="bold" fill="#555">inside</text>
+  </g>
+  <g id="outside">
+    <rect x="792" y="30" width="176" height="128" fill="url(#img)" stroke="#000" stroke-width="4"/>
+    <rect x="816" y="30" width="128" height="128" fill="none" stroke="#000" stroke-width="4" stroke-dasharray="12 4" stroke-dashoffset="-2"/>
+    <text x="880" y="85%" dominant-baseline="middle" text-anchor="middle" font-family="sans" font-size="32" font-weight="bold">outside</text>
+  </g>
+</svg>

docs/index.html

@@ -5,13 +5,15 @@
   <meta charset="utf-8">
   <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
   <meta name="description" content="Resize large images in common formats to smaller, web-friendly JPEG, PNG, WebP, GIF and AVIF images of varying dimensions">
+  <meta property="og:title" content="sharp - High performance Node.js image processing">
+  <meta property="og:image" content="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/lovell/sharp@main/docs/image/sharp-logo-600.png">
   <meta http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy" content="default-src 'self'; object-src 'none'; style-src 'unsafe-inline';
     img-src 'unsafe-inline' data: https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/lovell/ https://www.google-analytics.com;
     connect-src 'self' https://www.google-analytics.com;
     script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'
       https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js;">
   <link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/lovell/sharp@main/docs/image/sharp-logo.svg">
-  <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/lovell/sharp@main/docs/image/sharp-logo.png">
+  <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/lovell/sharp@main/docs/image/sharp-logo-32.png">
   <link rel="author" href="/humans.txt" type="text/plain">
   <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.google-analytics.com">
   <script type="application/ld+json">
@@ -29,7 +31,7 @@
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Lovell Fuller"
     },
-    "copyrightYear": [2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022],
+    "copyrightYear": 2013,
     "license": "https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0"
   }
   </script>
@@ -77,9 +79,7 @@
             .map(function (sidebarLink) {
               return sidebarLink.title;
             })[0];
-          return title
-            ? md.replace(/<!-- Generated by documentation.js. Update this documentation by updating the source code. -->/, '# ' + title)
-            : md;
+          return title ? `# ${title}\n${md}` : md;
         });
       }
     };

docs/install.md

@@ -4,13 +4,19 @@
 npm install sharp
 ```
 
+```sh
+pnpm add sharp
+```
+
 ```sh
 yarn add sharp
 ```
 
+Yarn Plug'n'Play is unsupported.
+
 ## Prerequisites
 
-* Node.js >= 14.15.0
+* Node.js >= 18.17.0
 
 ## Prebuilt binaries
 
@@ -18,185 +24,50 @@ Ready-compiled sharp and libvips binaries are provided for use on the most commo
 
 * macOS x64 (>= 10.13)
 * macOS ARM64
-* Linux x64 (glibc >= 2.17, musl >= 1.1.24, CPU with SSE4.2)
-* Linux ARM64 (glibc >= 2.17, musl >= 1.1.24)
+* Linux x64 (glibc >= 2.26, musl >= 1.2.2, CPU with SSE4.2)
+* Linux ARM64 (glibc >= 2.26, musl >= 1.2.2)
+* Linux ARM (glibc >= 2.28)
 * Windows x64
 * Windows x86
 
-A ~7MB tarball containing libvips and its most commonly used dependencies
-is downloaded via HTTPS, verified via Subresource Integrity
-and decompressed into `node_modules/sharp/vendor` during `npm install`.
-
 This provides support for the
-JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, TIFF, GIF and SVG (input) image formats.
-
-The following platforms have prebuilt libvips but not sharp:
-
-* Linux ARMv7 (glibc >= 2.28)
-* Linux ARMv6 (glibc >= 2.28)
-* Windows ARM64
-
-The following platforms require compilation of both libvips and sharp from source:
-
-* Linux x86
-* Linux ARMv7 (glibc <= 2.27, musl)
-* Linux ARMv6 (glibc <= 2.27, musl)
-* Linux PowerPC
-* FreeBSD
-* OpenBSD
-
-## Common problems
-
-The architecture and platform of Node.js used for `npm install`
-must be the same as the architecture and platform of Node.js used at runtime.
-See the [cross-platform](#cross-platform) section if this is not the case.
-
-When using npm v6 or earlier, the `npm install --unsafe-perm` flag must be used when installing as `root` or a `sudo` user.
-
-When using npm v7 or later, the user running `npm install` must own the directory it is run in.
-
-The `npm install --ignore-scripts=false` flag must be used when `npm` has been configured to ignore installation scripts.
-
-Check the output of running `npm install --verbose --foreground-scripts sharp` for useful error messages.
-
-## Apple M1
-
-Prebuilt sharp and libvips binaries have been provided for macOS on ARM64 since sharp v0.29.0.
-
-## Cross-platform
-
-At `npm install` time, prebuilt binaries are automatically selected for the
-current OS platform and CPU architecture, where available.
-
-The target platform and/or architecture can be manually selected using the following flags.
-
-```sh
-npm install --platform=... --arch=... --arm-version=... sharp
-```
-
-* `--platform`: one of `linux`, `darwin` or `win32`.
-* `--arch`: one of `x64`, `ia32`, `arm` or `arm64`.
-* `--arm-version`: one of `6`, `7` or `8` (`arm` defaults to `6`, `arm64` defaults to `8`).
-* `--libc`: one of `glibc` or `musl`. This option only works with platform `linux`, defaults to `glibc`
-* `--sharp-install-force`: skip version compatibility and Subresource Integrity checks.
-
-These values can also be set via environment variables,
-`npm_config_platform`, `npm_config_arch`, `npm_config_arm_version`, `npm_config_libc`
-and `SHARP_INSTALL_FORCE` respectively.
-
-For example, if the target machine has a 64-bit ARM CPU and is running Alpine Linux,
-use the following flags:
-
-```sh
-npm install --arch=arm64 --platform=linux --libc=musl sharp
-```
-
-If the current machine is Alpine Linux and the target machine is Debian Linux on x64 cpu,
-use the following flags:
-
-```sh
-npm install --arch=x64 --platform=linux --libc=glibc sharp
-```
-
-Multiple platforms and architectures can be supported within the same installation tree.
-The following example for macOS installs x64 binaries then adds (via a rebuild) arm64 binaries:
-
-```sh
-npm install --platform=darwin --arch=x64 sharp
-npm rebuild --platform=darwin --arch=arm64 sharp
-```
+JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF (limited to 8-bit depth), TIFF, GIF and SVG (input) image formats.
 
 ## Custom libvips
 
 To use a custom, globally-installed version of libvips instead of the provided binaries,
-make sure it is at least the version listed under `config.libvips` in the `package.json` file
+make sure it is at least the version listed under `engines.libvips` in the `package.json` file
 and that it can be located using `pkg-config --modversion vips-cpp`.
 
 For help compiling libvips and its dependencies, please see
 [building libvips from source](https://www.libvips.org/install.html#building-libvips-from-source).
 
-The use of a globally-installed libvips is unsupported on Windows.
+The use of a globally-installed libvips is unsupported on Windows
+and on macOS when running Node.js under Rosetta.
 
 ## Building from source
 
 This module will be compiled from source at `npm install` time when:
 
-* a globally-installed libvips is detected (set the `SHARP_IGNORE_GLOBAL_LIBVIPS` environment variable to skip this),
-* prebuilt sharp binaries do not exist for the current platform, or
+* a globally-installed libvips is detected (set the `SHARP_IGNORE_GLOBAL_LIBVIPS` environment variable to skip this), or
 * when the `npm install --build-from-source` flag is used.
 
 Building from source requires:
 
 * C++11 compiler
+* [node-addon-api](https://www.npmjs.com/package/node-addon-api)
 * [node-gyp](https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp#installation) and its dependencies
 
-## Custom prebuilt binaries
-
-This is an advanced approach that most people will not require.
-
-### Prebuilt sharp binaries
-
-To install the prebuilt sharp binaries from a custom URL,
-set the `sharp_binary_host` npm config option
-or the `npm_config_sharp_binary_host` environment variable.
-
-To install the prebuilt sharp binaries from a directory on the local filesystem,
-set the `sharp_local_prebuilds` npm config option
-or the `npm_config_sharp_local_prebuilds` environment variable.
-
-URL example:
-if `sharp_binary_host` is set to `https://hostname/path`
-and the sharp version is `1.2.3` then the resultant URL will be
-`https://hostname/path/sharp-v1.2.3-napi-v5-platform-arch.tar.gz`.
-
-Filename example:
-if `sharp_local_prebuilds` is set to `/path`
-and the sharp version is `1.2.3` then the resultant filename will be
-`/path/sharp-v1.2.3-napi-v5-platform-arch.tar.gz`.
-
-### Prebuilt libvips binaries
-
-To install the prebuilt libvips binaries from a custom URL,
-set the `sharp_libvips_binary_host` npm config option
-or the `npm_config_sharp_libvips_binary_host` environment variable.
-
-To install the prebuilt libvips binaries from a directory on the local filesystem,
-set the `sharp_libvips_local_prebuilds` npm config option
-or the `npm_config_sharp_libvips_local_prebuilds` environment variable.
-
-The version subpath and filename are appended to these.
-
-URL example:
-if `sharp_libvips_binary_host` is set to `https://hostname/path`
-and the libvips version is `4.5.6` then the resultant URL will be
-`https://hostname/path/v4.5.6/libvips-4.5.6-platform-arch.tar.br`.
-
-Filename example:
-if `sharp_libvips_local_prebuilds` is set to `/path`
-and the libvips version is `4.5.6` then the resultant filename will be
-`/path/v4.5.6/libvips-4.5.6-platform-arch.tar.br`.
-
-See the Chinese mirror below for a further example.
-
-## Chinese mirror
-
-A mirror site based in China, provided by Alibaba, contains binaries for both sharp and libvips.
-
-To use this either set the following configuration:
+There is an install-time check for these dependencies.
+If `node-addon-api` or `node-gyp` cannot be found, try adding them via:
 
 ```sh
-npm config set sharp_binary_host "https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/sharp"
-npm config set sharp_libvips_binary_host "https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/sharp-libvips"
-npm install sharp
+npm install --save node-addon-api node-gyp
 ```
 
-or set the following environment variables:
-
-```sh
-npm_config_sharp_binary_host="https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/sharp" \
-  npm_config_sharp_libvips_binary_host="https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/sharp-libvips" \
-  npm install sharp
-```
+For cross-compiling, the `--platform`, `--arch` and `--libc` npm flags
+(or the `npm_config_platform`, `npm_config_arch` and `npm_config_libc` environment variables)
+can be used to configure the target environment.
 
 ## FreeBSD
 
@@ -227,34 +98,30 @@ the use of an alternative memory allocator such as
 Those using musl-based Linux (e.g. Alpine) and non-Linux systems are
 unaffected.
 
-## Heroku
-
-Add the
-[jemalloc buildpack](https://github.com/gaffneyc/heroku-buildpack-jemalloc)
-to reduce the effects of memory fragmentation.
-
-Set
-[NODE_MODULES_CACHE](https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/nodejs-support#cache-behavior)
-to `false` when using the `yarn` package manager.
-
 ## AWS Lambda
 
 The `node_modules` directory of the
 [deployment package](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/nodejs-package.html)
-must include binaries for the Linux x64 platform.
+must include binaries for either the linux-x64 or linux-arm64 platforms
+depending on the chosen architecture.
 
-When building your deployment package on machines other than Linux x64 (glibc),
-run the following additional command after `npm install`:
+When building your deployment package on a machine that differs from the target architecture,
+you will need to install either `@sharpen/sharp-linux-x64` or `@sharpen/sharp-linux-arm64` package.
 
 ```sh
-npm install
-rm -rf node_modules/sharp
-SHARP_IGNORE_GLOBAL_LIBVIPS=1 npm install --arch=x64 --platform=linux --libc=glibc sharp
+npm install --force @sharpen/sharp-linux-x64
+```
+
+```sh
+npm install --force @sharpen/sharp-linux-arm64
 ```
 
 To get the best performance select the largest memory available.
 A 1536 MB function provides ~12x more CPU time than a 128 MB function.
 
+When integrating with AWS API Gateway, ensure it is configured with the relevant
+[binary media types](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/apigateway/latest/developerguide/api-gateway-payload-encodings.html).
+
 ## Bundlers
 
 ### webpack
@@ -298,9 +165,20 @@ custom:
       - sharp
     packagerOptions:
       scripts:
-        - npm install --arch=x64 --platform=linux sharp
+        - npm install --force @sharpen/sharp-linux-x64
 ```
 
+## TypeScript
+
+TypeScript definitions are published as part of
+the `sharp` package from v0.32.0.
+
+Previously these were available via the `@types/sharp` package,
+which is now deprecated.
+
+When using Typescript, please ensure `devDependencies` includes
+the `@types/node` package.
+
 ## Fonts
 
 When creating text images or rendering SVG images that contain text elements,
@@ -343,11 +221,7 @@ Module did not self-register
 
 ### Canvas and Windows
 
-The prebuilt binaries provided by `canvas` for Windows depend on the unmaintained GTK 2, last updated in 2011.
-
-These conflict with the modern, up-to-date binaries provided by sharp.
-
-If both modules are used in the same Windows process, the following error will occur:
+If both `canvas` and `sharp` modules are used in the same Windows process, the following error may occur:
 ```
 The specified procedure could not be found.
 ```

docs/performance.md

@@ -2,48 +2,104 @@
 
 A test to benchmark the performance of this module relative to alternatives.
 
-## The contenders
-
-* [jimp](https://www.npmjs.com/package/jimp) v0.16.1 - Image processing in pure JavaScript. Provides bicubic interpolation.
-* [mapnik](https://www.npmjs.org/package/mapnik) v4.5.9 - Whilst primarily a map renderer, Mapnik contains bitmap image utilities.
-* [imagemagick](https://www.npmjs.com/package/imagemagick) v0.1.3 - Supports filesystem only and "*has been unmaintained for a long time*".
-* [gm](https://www.npmjs.com/package/gm) v1.23.1 - Fully featured wrapper around GraphicsMagick's `gm` command line utility.
-* [@squoosh/lib](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@squoosh/lib) v0.4.0 - Image libraries transpiled to WebAssembly, includes GPLv3 code.
-* [@squoosh/cli](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@squoosh/cli) v0.7.2 - Command line wrapper around `@squoosh/lib`, avoids GPLv3 by spawning process.
-* sharp v0.31.0 / libvips v8.13.1 - Caching within libvips disabled to ensure a fair comparison.
-
-## The task
-
-Decompress a 2725x2225 JPEG image,
-resize to 720x588 using Lanczos 3 resampling (where available),
-then compress to JPEG at a "quality" setting of 80.
-
-## Test environment
-
-* AWS EC2 eu-west-1 [c6a.xlarge](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/c6a/) (4x AMD EPYC 7R13)
-* Ubuntu 22.04 (ami-051f7c00cb18501ee)
-* Node.js 16.17.0
-
-## Results
-
-| Module             | Input  | Output | Ops/sec | Speed-up |
-| :----------------- | :----- | :----- | ------: | -------: |
-| jimp               | buffer | buffer |    0.96 |      1.0 |
-| squoosh-cli        | file   | file   |    1.10 |      1.1 |
-| squoosh-lib        | buffer | buffer |    1.87 |      1.9 |
-| mapnik             | buffer | buffer |    3.48 |      3.6 |
-| gm                 | buffer | buffer |    8.53 |      8.9 |
-| gm                 | file   | file   |    8.60 |      9.0 |
-| imagemagick        | file   | file   |    9.30 |      9.7 |
-| sharp              | stream | stream |   32.86 |     34.2 |
-| sharp              | file   | file   |   34.82 |     36.3 |
-| sharp              | buffer | buffer |   35.41 |     36.9 |
-
 Greater libvips performance can be expected with caching enabled (default)
 and using 8+ core machines, especially those with larger L1/L2 CPU caches.
 
 The I/O limits of the relevant (de)compression library will generally determine maximum throughput.
 
+## Contenders
+
+* [jimp](https://www.npmjs.com/package/jimp) v0.22.7 - Image processing in pure JavaScript.
+* [imagemagick](https://www.npmjs.com/package/imagemagick) v0.1.3 - Supports filesystem only and "*has been unmaintained for a long time*".
+* [gm](https://www.npmjs.com/package/gm) v1.25.0 - Fully featured wrapper around GraphicsMagick's `gm` command line utility.
+* [@squoosh/lib](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@squoosh/lib) v0.4.0 - Image libraries transpiled to WebAssembly, includes GPLv3 code, but "*Project no longer maintained*".
+* [@squoosh/cli](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@squoosh/cli) v0.7.3 - Command line wrapper around `@squoosh/lib`, avoids GPLv3 by spawning process, but "*Project no longer maintained*".
+* sharp v0.32.0 / libvips v8.14.2 - Caching within libvips disabled to ensure a fair comparison.
+
+## Environment
+
+### AMD64
+
+* AWS EC2 us-east-2 [c6a.xlarge](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/c6a/) (4x AMD EPYC 7R13)
+* Ubuntu 22.04 20230303 (ami-0122295b0eb922138)
+* Node.js 16.19.1
+
+### ARM64
+
+* AWS EC2 us-east-2 [c7g.xlarge](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/c7g/) (4x ARM Graviton3)
+* Ubuntu 22.04 20230303 (ami-0af198159897e7a29)
+* Node.js 16.19.1
+
+## Task: JPEG
+
+Decompress a 2725x2225 JPEG image,
+resize to 720x588 using Lanczos 3 resampling (where available),
+then compress to JPEG at a "quality" setting of 80.
+
+Note: jimp does not support Lanczos 3, bicubic resampling used instead.
+
+#### Results: JPEG (AMD64)
+
+| Module             | Input  | Output | Ops/sec | Speed-up |
+| :----------------- | :----- | :----- | ------: | -------: |
+| jimp               | buffer | buffer |    0.84 |      1.0 |
+| squoosh-cli        | file   | file   |    1.07 |      1.3 |
+| squoosh-lib        | buffer | buffer |    1.82 |      2.2 |
+| gm                 | buffer | buffer |    8.41 |     10.0 |
+| gm                 | file   | file   |    8.45 |     10.0 |
+| imagemagick        | file   | file   |    8.77 |     10.4 |
+| sharp              | stream | stream |   36.36 |     43.3 |
+| sharp              | file   | file   |   38.67 |     46.0 |
+| sharp              | buffer | buffer |   39.44 |     47.0 |
+
+#### Results: JPEG (ARM64)
+
+| Module             | Input  | Output | Ops/sec | Speed-up |
+| :----------------- | :----- | :----- | ------: | -------: |
+| jimp               | buffer | buffer |    1.02 |      1.0 |
+| squoosh-cli        | file   | file   |    1.11 |      1.1 |
+| squoosh-lib        | buffer | buffer |    2.08 |      2.0 |
+| gm                 | buffer | buffer |    8.80 |      8.6 |
+| gm                 | file   | file   |   10.05 |      9.9 |
+| imagemagick        | file   | file   |   10.28 |     10.1 |
+| sharp              | stream | stream |   26.87 |     26.3 |
+| sharp              | file   | file   |   27.88 |     27.3 |
+| sharp              | buffer | buffer |   28.40 |     27.8 |
+
+## Task: PNG
+
+Decompress a 2048x1536 RGBA PNG image,
+premultiply the alpha channel,
+resize to 720x540 using Lanczos 3 resampling (where available),
+unpremultiply then compress as PNG with a "default" zlib compression level of 6
+and without adaptive filtering.
+
+Note: jimp does not support premultiply/unpremultiply.
+
+### Results: PNG (AMD64)
+
+| Module             | Input  | Output | Ops/sec | Speed-up |
+| :----------------- | :----- | :----- | ------: | -------: |
+| squoosh-cli        | file   | file   |    0.40 |      1.0 |
+| squoosh-lib        | buffer | buffer |    0.47 |      1.2 |
+| gm                 | file   | file   |    6.47 |     16.2 |
+| jimp               | buffer | buffer |    6.60 |     16.5 |
+| imagemagick        | file   | file   |    7.08 |     17.7 |
+| sharp              | file   | file   |   17.80 |     44.5 |
+| sharp              | buffer | buffer |   18.02 |     45.0 |
+
+### Results: PNG (ARM64)
+
+| Module             | Input  | Output | Ops/sec | Speed-up |
+| :----------------- | :----- | :----- | ------: | -------: |
+| squoosh-cli        | file   | file   |    0.40 |      1.0 |
+| squoosh-lib        | buffer | buffer |    0.48 |      1.2 |
+| gm                 | file   | file   |    7.20 |     18.0 |
+| jimp               | buffer | buffer |    7.62 |     19.1 |
+| imagemagick        | file   | file   |    7.96 |     19.9 |
+| sharp              | file   | file   |   12.97 |     32.4 |
+| sharp              | buffer | buffer |   13.12 |     32.8 |
+
 ## Running the benchmark test
 
 Requires Docker.

docs/search-index/build.js

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
 const fs = require('fs');
@@ -37,7 +40,7 @@ for (const match of matches) {
 ].forEach((section) => {
   const contents = fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, '..', `api-${section}.md`), 'utf8');
   const matches = contents.matchAll(
-    /\n## (?<title>[A-Za-z]+)\n\n(?<firstparagraph>.+?)\n\n(?<parameters>### Parameters.+?Returns)?/gs
+    /## (?<title>[A-Za-z]+)\n[^\n]+\n(?<firstparagraph>.+?)\n\n.+?(?<parameters>\| Param .+?\n\n)?\*\*Example/gs
   );
   for (const match of matches) {
     const { title, firstparagraph, parameters } = match.groups;

docs/search-index/extract.js

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
 const stopWords = require('./stop-words');
@@ -13,8 +16,9 @@ const extractDescription = (str) =>
     .trim();
 
 const extractParameters = (str) =>
-  [...str.matchAll(/options\.(?<name>[^.`]+)/gs)]
+  [...str.matchAll(/options\.(?<name>[^.`\] ]+)/gs)]
     .map((match) => match.groups.name)
+    .map((name) => name.replace(/([A-Z])/g, ' $1').toLowerCase())
     .join(' ');
 
 const extractKeywords = (str) =>

docs/search-index/stop-words.js

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
 module.exports = [
@@ -12,9 +15,11 @@ module.exports = [
   'and',
   'any',
   'are',
+  'available',
   'based',
   'been',
   'before',
+  'best',
   'both',
   'call',
   'callback',
@@ -59,14 +64,20 @@ module.exports = [
   'must',
   'non',
   'not',
+  'now',
   'occur',
   'occurs',
+  'one',
   'options',
   'other',
   'out',
   'over',
+  'part',
   'perform',
   'performs',
+  'please',
+  'pre',
+  'previously',
   'produce',
   'provide',
   'provided',
@@ -74,10 +85,12 @@ module.exports = [
   'requires',
   'requiresharp',
   'returned',
+  'run',
   'same',
   'see',
   'set',
   'sets',
+  'sharp',
   'should',
   'since',
   'site',
@@ -109,6 +122,7 @@ module.exports = [
   'using',
   'value',
   'values',
+  'via',
   'were',
   'when',
   'which',
@@ -116,5 +130,6 @@ module.exports = [
   'will',
   'with',
   'without',
-  'you'
+  'you',
+  'your'
 ];

install/can-compile.js

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-'use strict';
-
-const libvips = require('../lib/libvips');
-
-try {
-  if (!(libvips.useGlobalLibvips() || libvips.hasVendoredLibvips())) {
-    process.exitCode = 1;
-  }
-} catch (err) {
-  process.exitCode = 1;
-}

install/check.js

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+'use strict';
+
+const { useGlobalLibvips, globalLibvipsVersion, log, spawnRebuild } = require('../lib/libvips');
+
+const buildFromSource = (msg) => {
+  log(msg);
+  log('Attempting to build from source via node-gyp');
+  try {
+    require('node-addon-api');
+    log('Found node-addon-api');
+  } catch (err) {
+    log('Please add node-addon-api to your dependencies');
+    return;
+  }
+  try {
+    const gyp = require('node-gyp');
+    log(`Found node-gyp version ${gyp().version}`);
+  } catch (err) {
+    log('Please add node-gyp to your dependencies');
+    return;
+  }
+  log('See https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install#building-from-source');
+  const status = spawnRebuild();
+  if (status !== 0) {
+    process.exit(status);
+  }
+};
+
+if (useGlobalLibvips()) {
+  buildFromSource(`Detected globally-installed libvips v${globalLibvipsVersion()}`);
+} else if (process.env.npm_config_build_from_source) {
+  buildFromSource('Detected --build-from-source flag');
+}

install/dll-copy.js

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-'use strict';
-
-const fs = require('fs');
-const path = require('path');
-
-const libvips = require('../lib/libvips');
-const platform = require('../lib/platform');
-
-const minimumLibvipsVersion = libvips.minimumLibvipsVersion;
-
-const platformAndArch = platform();
-
-if (platformAndArch.startsWith('win32')) {
-  const buildReleaseDir = path.join(__dirname, '..', 'build', 'Release');
-  libvips.log(`Creating ${buildReleaseDir}`);
-  try {
-    libvips.mkdirSync(buildReleaseDir);
-  } catch (err) {}
-  const vendorLibDir = path.join(__dirname, '..', 'vendor', minimumLibvipsVersion, platformAndArch, 'lib');
-  libvips.log(`Copying DLLs from ${vendorLibDir} to ${buildReleaseDir}`);
-  try {
-    fs
-      .readdirSync(vendorLibDir)
-      .filter(function (filename) {
-        return /\.dll$/.test(filename);
-      })
-      .forEach(function (filename) {
-        fs.copyFileSync(
-          path.join(vendorLibDir, filename),
-          path.join(buildReleaseDir, filename)
-        );
-      });
-  } catch (err) {
-    libvips.log(err);
-    process.exit(1);
-  }
-}

install/libvips.js

@@ -1,215 +0,0 @@
-'use strict';
-
-const fs = require('fs');
-const os = require('os');
-const path = require('path');
-const stream = require('stream');
-const zlib = require('zlib');
-const { createHash } = require('crypto');
-
-const detectLibc = require('detect-libc');
-const semverLessThan = require('semver/functions/lt');
-const semverSatisfies = require('semver/functions/satisfies');
-const simpleGet = require('simple-get');
-const tarFs = require('tar-fs');
-
-const agent = require('../lib/agent');
-const libvips = require('../lib/libvips');
-const platform = require('../lib/platform');
-
-const minimumGlibcVersionByArch = {
-  arm: '2.28',
-  arm64: '2.17',
-  x64: '2.17'
-};
-
-const hasSharpPrebuild = [
-  'darwin-x64',
-  'darwin-arm64',
-  'linux-arm64',
-  'linux-x64',
-  'linuxmusl-x64',
-  'linuxmusl-arm64',
-  'win32-ia32',
-  'win32-x64'
-];
-
-const { minimumLibvipsVersion, minimumLibvipsVersionLabelled } = libvips;
-const localLibvipsDir = process.env.npm_config_sharp_libvips_local_prebuilds || '';
-const distHost = process.env.npm_config_sharp_libvips_binary_host || 'https://github.com/lovell/sharp-libvips/releases/download';
-const distBaseUrl = process.env.npm_config_sharp_dist_base_url || process.env.SHARP_DIST_BASE_URL || `${distHost}/v${minimumLibvipsVersionLabelled}/`;
-const installationForced = !!(process.env.npm_config_sharp_install_force || process.env.SHARP_INSTALL_FORCE);
-
-const fail = function (err) {
-  libvips.log(err);
-  if (err.code === 'EACCES') {
-    libvips.log('Are you trying to install as a root or sudo user?');
-    libvips.log('- For npm <= v6, try again with the "--unsafe-perm" flag');
-    libvips.log('- For npm >= v8, the user must own the directory "npm install" is run in');
-  }
-  libvips.log('Please see https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install for required dependencies');
-  process.exit(1);
-};
-
-const handleError = function (err) {
-  if (installationForced) {
-    libvips.log(`Installation warning: ${err.message}`);
-  } else {
-    throw err;
-  }
-};
-
-const verifyIntegrity = function (platformAndArch) {
-  const expected = libvips.integrity(platformAndArch);
-  if (installationForced || !expected) {
-    libvips.log(`Integrity check skipped for ${platformAndArch}`);
-    return new stream.PassThrough();
-  }
-  const hash = createHash('sha512');
-  return new stream.Transform({
-    transform: function (chunk, _encoding, done) {
-      hash.update(chunk);
-      done(null, chunk);
-    },
-    flush: function (done) {
-      const digest = `sha512-${hash.digest('base64')}`;
-      if (expected !== digest) {
-        libvips.removeVendoredLibvips();
-        libvips.log(`Integrity expected: ${expected}`);
-        libvips.log(`Integrity received: ${digest}`);
-        done(new Error(`Integrity check failed for ${platformAndArch}`));
-      } else {
-        libvips.log(`Integrity check passed for ${platformAndArch}`);
-        done();
-      }
-    }
-  });
-};
-
-const extractTarball = function (tarPath, platformAndArch) {
-  const versionedVendorPath = path.join(__dirname, '..', 'vendor', minimumLibvipsVersion, platformAndArch);
-  libvips.mkdirSync(versionedVendorPath);
-
-  const ignoreVendorInclude = hasSharpPrebuild.includes(platformAndArch) && !process.env.npm_config_build_from_source;
-  const ignore = function (name) {
-    return ignoreVendorInclude && name.includes('include/');
-  };
-
-  stream.pipeline(
-    fs.createReadStream(tarPath),
-    verifyIntegrity(platformAndArch),
-    new zlib.BrotliDecompress(),
-    tarFs.extract(versionedVendorPath, { ignore }),
-    function (err) {
-      if (err) {
-        if (/unexpected end of file/.test(err.message)) {
-          fail(new Error(`Please delete ${tarPath} as it is not a valid tarball`));
-        }
-        fail(err);
-      }
-    }
-  );
-};
-
-try {
-  const useGlobalLibvips = libvips.useGlobalLibvips();
-
-  if (useGlobalLibvips) {
-    const globalLibvipsVersion = libvips.globalLibvipsVersion();
-    libvips.log(`Detected globally-installed libvips v${globalLibvipsVersion}`);
-    libvips.log('Building from source via node-gyp');
-    process.exit(1);
-  } else if (libvips.hasVendoredLibvips()) {
-    libvips.log(`Using existing vendored libvips v${minimumLibvipsVersion}`);
-  } else {
-    // Is this arch/platform supported?
-    const arch = process.env.npm_config_arch || process.arch;
-    const platformAndArch = platform();
-    if (arch === 'ia32' && !platformAndArch.startsWith('win32')) {
-      throw new Error(`Intel Architecture 32-bit systems require manual installation of libvips >= ${minimumLibvipsVersion}`);
-    }
-    if (platformAndArch === 'darwin-arm64') {
-      throw new Error("Please run 'brew install vips' to install libvips on Apple M1 (ARM64) systems");
-    }
-    if (platformAndArch === 'freebsd-x64' || platformAndArch === 'openbsd-x64' || platformAndArch === 'sunos-x64') {
-      throw new Error(`BSD/SunOS systems require manual installation of libvips >= ${minimumLibvipsVersion}`);
-    }
-    // Linux libc version check
-    const libcFamily = detectLibc.familySync();
-    const libcVersion = detectLibc.versionSync();
-    if (libcFamily === detectLibc.GLIBC && libcVersion && minimumGlibcVersionByArch[arch]) {
-      if (semverLessThan(`${libcVersion}.0`, `${minimumGlibcVersionByArch[arch]}.0`)) {
-        handleError(new Error(`Use with glibc ${libcVersion} requires manual installation of libvips >= ${minimumLibvipsVersion}`));
-      }
-    }
-    if (libcFamily === detectLibc.MUSL && libcVersion) {
-      if (semverLessThan(libcVersion, '1.1.24')) {
-        handleError(new Error(`Use with musl ${libcVersion} requires manual installation of libvips >= ${minimumLibvipsVersion}`));
-      }
-    }
-    // Node.js minimum version check
-    const supportedNodeVersion = process.env.npm_package_engines_node || require('../package.json').engines.node;
-    if (!semverSatisfies(process.versions.node, supportedNodeVersion)) {
-      handleError(new Error(`Expected Node.js version ${supportedNodeVersion} but found ${process.versions.node}`));
-    }
-
-    // Download to per-process temporary file
-    const tarFilename = ['libvips', minimumLibvipsVersionLabelled, platformAndArch].join('-') + '.tar.br';
-    const tarPathCache = path.join(libvips.cachePath(), tarFilename);
-    if (fs.existsSync(tarPathCache)) {
-      libvips.log(`Using cached ${tarPathCache}`);
-      extractTarball(tarPathCache, platformAndArch);
-    } else if (localLibvipsDir) {
-      // If localLibvipsDir is given try to use binaries from local directory
-      const tarPathLocal = path.join(path.resolve(localLibvipsDir), `v${minimumLibvipsVersionLabelled}`, tarFilename);
-      libvips.log(`Using local libvips from ${tarPathLocal}`);
-      extractTarball(tarPathLocal, platformAndArch);
-    } else {
-      const url = distBaseUrl + tarFilename;
-      libvips.log(`Downloading ${url}`);
-      simpleGet({ url: url, agent: agent() }, function (err, response) {
-        if (err) {
-          fail(err);
-        } else if (response.statusCode === 404) {
-          fail(new Error(`Prebuilt libvips ${minimumLibvipsVersion} binaries are not yet available for ${platformAndArch}`));
-        } else if (response.statusCode !== 200) {
-          fail(new Error(`Status ${response.statusCode} ${response.statusMessage}`));
-        } else {
-          const tarPathTemp = path.join(os.tmpdir(), `${process.pid}-${tarFilename}`);
-          const tmpFileStream = fs.createWriteStream(tarPathTemp);
-          response
-            .on('error', function (err) {
-              tmpFileStream.destroy(err);
-            })
-            .on('close', function () {
-              if (!response.complete) {
-                tmpFileStream.destroy(new Error('Download incomplete (connection was terminated)'));
-              }
-            })
-            .pipe(tmpFileStream);
-          tmpFileStream
-            .on('error', function (err) {
-              // Clean up temporary file
-              try {
-                fs.unlinkSync(tarPathTemp);
-              } catch (e) {}
-              fail(err);
-            })
-            .on('close', function () {
-              try {
-                // Attempt to rename
-                fs.renameSync(tarPathTemp, tarPathCache);
-              } catch (err) {
-                // Fall back to copy and unlink
-                fs.copyFileSync(tarPathTemp, tarPathCache);
-                fs.unlinkSync(tarPathTemp);
-              }
-              extractTarball(tarPathCache, platformAndArch);
-            });
-        }
-      });
-    }
-  }
-} catch (err) {
-  fail(err);
-}

lib/agent.js

@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-'use strict';
-
-const url = require('url');
-const tunnelAgent = require('tunnel-agent');
-
-const is = require('./is');
-
-const proxies = [
-  'HTTPS_PROXY',
-  'https_proxy',
-  'HTTP_PROXY',
-  'http_proxy',
-  'npm_config_https_proxy',
-  'npm_config_proxy'
-];
-
-function env (key) {
-  return process.env[key];
-}
-
-module.exports = function () {
-  try {
-    const proxy = new url.URL(proxies.map(env).find(is.string));
-    const tunnel = proxy.protocol === 'https:'
-      ? tunnelAgent.httpsOverHttps
-      : tunnelAgent.httpsOverHttp;
-    const proxyAuth = proxy.username && proxy.password
-      ? `${decodeURIComponent(proxy.username)}:${decodeURIComponent(proxy.password)}`
-      : null;
-    return tunnel({
-      proxy: {
-        port: Number(proxy.port),
-        host: proxy.hostname,
-        proxyAuth
-      }
-    });
-  } catch (err) {
-    return null;
-  }
-};

lib/channel.js

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
 const is = require('./is');
@@ -98,7 +101,7 @@ function extractChannel (channel) {
   } else {
     throw is.invalidParameterError('channel', 'integer or one of: red, green, blue, alpha', channel);
   }
-  return this.toColourspace('b-w');
+  return this;
 }
 
 /**

lib/colour.js

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
 const color = require('color');
@@ -67,7 +70,8 @@ function grayscale (grayscale) {
  * Set the pipeline colourspace.
  *
  * The input image will be converted to the provided colourspace at the start of the pipeline.
- * All operations will use this colourspace before converting to the output colourspace, as defined by {@link toColourspace}.
+ * All operations will use this colourspace before converting to the output colourspace,
+ * as defined by {@link #tocolourspace|toColourspace}.
  *
  * This feature is experimental and has not yet been fully-tested with all operations.
  *

lib/composite.js

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
 const is = require('./is');
@@ -43,7 +46,7 @@ const blend = {
  * The images to composite must be the same size or smaller than the processed image.
  * If both `top` and `left` options are provided, they take precedence over `gravity`.
  *
- * Any resize or rotate operations in the same processing pipeline
+ * Any resize, rotate or extract operations in the same processing pipeline
  * will always be applied to the input image before composition.
  *
  * The `blend` option can be one of `clear`, `source`, `over`, `in`, `out`, `atop`,
@@ -105,14 +108,14 @@ const blend = {
  * @param {string} [images[].input.text.align='left'] - text alignment (`'left'`, `'centre'`, `'center'`, `'right'`).
  * @param {boolean} [images[].input.text.justify=false] - set this to true to apply justification to the text.
  * @param {number} [images[].input.text.dpi=72] - the resolution (size) at which to render the text. Does not take effect if `height` is specified.
- * @param {boolean} [images[].input.text.rgba=false] - set this to true to enable RGBA output. This is useful for colour emoji rendering, or support for pango markup features like `<span foreground="red">Red!</span>`.
+ * @param {boolean} [images[].input.text.rgba=false] - set this to true to enable RGBA output. This is useful for colour emoji rendering, or support for Pango markup features like `<span foreground="red">Red!</span>`.
  * @param {number} [images[].input.text.spacing=0] - text line height in points. Will use the font line height if none is specified.
  * @param {String} [images[].blend='over'] - how to blend this image with the image below.
  * @param {String} [images[].gravity='centre'] - gravity at which to place the overlay.
  * @param {Number} [images[].top] - the pixel offset from the top edge.
  * @param {Number} [images[].left] - the pixel offset from the left edge.
  * @param {Boolean} [images[].tile=false] - set to true to repeat the overlay image across the entire image with the given `gravity`.
- * @param {Boolean} [images[].premultiplied=false] - set to true to avoid premultipling the image below. Equivalent to the `--premultiplied` vips option.
+ * @param {Boolean} [images[].premultiplied=false] - set to true to avoid premultiplying the image below. Equivalent to the `--premultiplied` vips option.
  * @param {Number} [images[].density=72] - number representing the DPI for vector overlay image.
  * @param {Object} [images[].raw] - describes overlay when using raw pixel data.
  * @param {Number} [images[].raw.width]

lib/constructor.js

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
-const util = require('util');
-const stream = require('stream');
+const util = require('node:util');
+const stream = require('node:stream');
 const is = require('./is');
 
-require('./libvips').hasVendoredLibvips();
 require('./sharp');
 
 // Use NODE_DEBUG=sharp to enable libvips warnings
@@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ const debuglog = util.debuglog('sharp');
  * readableStream.pipe(transformer).pipe(writableStream);
  *
  * @example
- * // Create a blank 300x200 PNG image of semi-transluent red pixels
+ * // Create a blank 300x200 PNG image of semi-translucent red pixels
  * sharp({
  *   create: {
  *     width: 300,
@@ -113,25 +115,25 @@ const debuglog = util.debuglog('sharp');
  *   }
  * }).toFile('text_rgba.png');
  *
- * @param {(Buffer|Uint8Array|Uint8ClampedArray|Int8Array|Uint16Array|Int16Array|Uint32Array|Int32Array|Float32Array|Float64Array|string)} [input] - if present, can be
- *  a Buffer / Uint8Array / Uint8ClampedArray containing JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, GIF, SVG or TIFF image data, or
+ * @param {(Buffer|ArrayBuffer|Uint8Array|Uint8ClampedArray|Int8Array|Uint16Array|Int16Array|Uint32Array|Int32Array|Float32Array|Float64Array|string)} [input] - if present, can be
+ *  a Buffer / ArrayBuffer / Uint8Array / Uint8ClampedArray containing JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, GIF, SVG or TIFF image data, or
  *  a TypedArray containing raw pixel image data, or
  *  a String containing the filesystem path to an JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, GIF, SVG or TIFF image file.
  *  JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, GIF, SVG, TIFF or raw pixel image data can be streamed into the object when not present.
  * @param {Object} [options] - if present, is an Object with optional attributes.
- * @param {string} [options.failOn='warning'] - level of sensitivity to invalid images, one of (in order of sensitivity): 'none' (least), 'truncated', 'error' or 'warning' (most), highers level imply lower levels.
+ * @param {string} [options.failOn='warning'] - when to abort processing of invalid pixel data, one of (in order of sensitivity): 'none' (least), 'truncated', 'error' or 'warning' (most), higher levels imply lower levels, invalid metadata will always abort.
  * @param {number|boolean} [options.limitInputPixels=268402689] - Do not process input images where the number of pixels
  *  (width x height) exceeds this limit. Assumes image dimensions contained in the input metadata can be trusted.
  *  An integral Number of pixels, zero or false to remove limit, true to use default limit of 268402689 (0x3FFF x 0x3FFF).
  * @param {boolean} [options.unlimited=false] - Set this to `true` to remove safety features that help prevent memory exhaustion (JPEG, PNG, SVG, HEIF).
- * @param {boolean} [options.sequentialRead=false] - Set this to `true` to use sequential rather than random access where possible.
- *  This can reduce memory usage and might improve performance on some systems.
+ * @param {boolean} [options.sequentialRead=true] - Set this to `false` to use random access rather than sequential read. Some operations will do this automatically.
  * @param {number} [options.density=72] - number representing the DPI for vector images in the range 1 to 100000.
- * @param {number} [options.pages=1] - number of pages to extract for multi-page input (GIF, WebP, AVIF, TIFF, PDF), use -1 for all pages.
- * @param {number} [options.page=0] - page number to start extracting from for multi-page input (GIF, WebP, AVIF, TIFF, PDF), zero based.
+ * @param {number} [options.ignoreIcc=false] - should the embedded ICC profile, if any, be ignored.
+ * @param {number} [options.pages=1] - Number of pages to extract for multi-page input (GIF, WebP, TIFF), use -1 for all pages.
+ * @param {number} [options.page=0] - Page number to start extracting from for multi-page input (GIF, WebP, TIFF), zero based.
  * @param {number} [options.subifd=-1] - subIFD (Sub Image File Directory) to extract for OME-TIFF, defaults to main image.
  * @param {number} [options.level=0] - level to extract from a multi-level input (OpenSlide), zero based.
- * @param {boolean} [options.animated=false] - Set to `true` to read all frames/pages of an animated image (equivalent of setting `pages` to `-1`).
+ * @param {boolean} [options.animated=false] - Set to `true` to read all frames/pages of an animated image (GIF, WebP, TIFF), equivalent of setting `pages` to `-1`.
  * @param {Object} [options.raw] - describes raw pixel input image data. See `raw()` for pixel ordering.
  * @param {number} [options.raw.width] - integral number of pixels wide.
  * @param {number} [options.raw.height] - integral number of pixels high.
@@ -151,13 +153,14 @@ const debuglog = util.debuglog('sharp');
  * @param {string} [options.text.text] - text to render as a UTF-8 string. It can contain Pango markup, for example `<i>Le</i>Monde`.
  * @param {string} [options.text.font] - font name to render with.
  * @param {string} [options.text.fontfile] - absolute filesystem path to a font file that can be used by `font`.
- * @param {number} [options.text.width=0] - integral number of pixels to word-wrap at. Lines of text wider than this will be broken at word boundaries.
- * @param {number} [options.text.height=0] - integral number of pixels high. When defined, `dpi` will be ignored and the text will automatically fit the pixel resolution defined by `width` and `height`. Will be ignored if `width` is not specified or set to 0.
- * @param {string} [options.text.align='left'] - text alignment (`'left'`, `'centre'`, `'center'`, `'right'`).
+ * @param {number} [options.text.width=0] - Integral number of pixels to word-wrap at. Lines of text wider than this will be broken at word boundaries.
+ * @param {number} [options.text.height=0] - Maximum integral number of pixels high. When defined, `dpi` will be ignored and the text will automatically fit the pixel resolution defined by `width` and `height`. Will be ignored if `width` is not specified or set to 0.
+ * @param {string} [options.text.align='left'] - Alignment style for multi-line text (`'left'`, `'centre'`, `'center'`, `'right'`).
  * @param {boolean} [options.text.justify=false] - set this to true to apply justification to the text.
  * @param {number} [options.text.dpi=72] - the resolution (size) at which to render the text. Does not take effect if `height` is specified.
  * @param {boolean} [options.text.rgba=false] - set this to true to enable RGBA output. This is useful for colour emoji rendering, or support for pango markup features like `<span foreground="red">Red!</span>`.
  * @param {number} [options.text.spacing=0] - text line height in points. Will use the font line height if none is specified.
+ * @param {string} [options.text.wrap='word'] - word wrapping style when width is provided, one of: 'word', 'char', 'charWord' (prefer char, fallback to word) or 'none'.
  * @returns {Sharp}
  * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters
  */
@@ -196,6 +199,7 @@ const Sharp = function (input, options) {
     extendLeft: 0,
     extendRight: 0,
     extendBackground: [0, 0, 0, 255],
+    extendWith: 'background',
     withoutEnlargement: false,
     withoutReduction: false,
     affineMatrix: [],
@@ -212,6 +216,7 @@ const Sharp = function (input, options) {
     tintB: 128,
     flatten: false,
     flattenBackground: [0, 0, 0],
+    unflatten: false,
     negate: false,
     negateAlpha: true,
     medianSize: 0,
@@ -230,6 +235,8 @@ const Sharp = function (input, options) {
     gammaOut: 0,
     greyscale: false,
     normalise: false,
+    normaliseLower: 1,
+    normaliseUpper: 99,
     claheWidth: 0,
     claheHeight: 0,
     claheMaxSlope: 3,
@@ -283,13 +290,17 @@ const Sharp = function (input, options) {
     webpLossless: false,
     webpNearLossless: false,
     webpSmartSubsample: false,
+    webpPreset: 'default',
     webpEffort: 4,
     webpMinSize: false,
     webpMixed: false,
     gifBitdepth: 8,
     gifEffort: 7,
     gifDither: 1,
-    gifReoptimise: false,
+    gifInterFrameMaxError: 0,
+    gifInterPaletteMaxError: 3,
+    gifReuse: true,
+    gifProgressive: false,
     tiffQuality: 80,
     tiffCompression: 'jpeg',
     tiffPredictor: 'horizontal',
@@ -306,6 +317,10 @@ const Sharp = function (input, options) {
     heifCompression: 'av1',
     heifEffort: 4,
     heifChromaSubsampling: '4:4:4',
+    jxlDistance: 1,
+    jxlDecodingTier: 0,
+    jxlEffort: 7,
+    jxlLossless: false,
     rawDepth: 'uchar',
     tileSize: 256,
     tileOverlap: 0,

lib/index.js

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
 const Sharp = require('./constructor');

lib/input.js

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
 const color = require('color');
@@ -21,9 +24,9 @@ const align = {
  * @private
  */
 function _inputOptionsFromObject (obj) {
-  const { raw, density, limitInputPixels, unlimited, sequentialRead, failOn, failOnError, animated, page, pages, subifd } = obj;
-  return [raw, density, limitInputPixels, unlimited, sequentialRead, failOn, failOnError, animated, page, pages, subifd].some(is.defined)
-    ? { raw, density, limitInputPixels, unlimited, sequentialRead, failOn, failOnError, animated, page, pages, subifd }
+  const { raw, density, limitInputPixels, ignoreIcc, unlimited, sequentialRead, failOn, failOnError, animated, page, pages, subifd } = obj;
+  return [raw, density, limitInputPixels, ignoreIcc, unlimited, sequentialRead, failOn, failOnError, animated, page, pages, subifd].some(is.defined)
+    ? { raw, density, limitInputPixels, ignoreIcc, unlimited, sequentialRead, failOn, failOnError, animated, page, pages, subifd }
     : undefined;
 }
 
@@ -35,8 +38,9 @@ function _createInputDescriptor (input, inputOptions, containerOptions) {
   const inputDescriptor = {
     failOn: 'warning',
     limitInputPixels: Math.pow(0x3FFF, 2),
+    ignoreIcc: false,
     unlimited: false,
-    sequentialRead: false
+    sequentialRead: true
   };
   if (is.string(input)) {
     // filesystem
@@ -47,6 +51,11 @@ function _createInputDescriptor (input, inputOptions, containerOptions) {
       throw Error('Input Buffer is empty');
     }
     inputDescriptor.buffer = input;
+  } else if (is.arrayBuffer(input)) {
+    if (input.byteLength === 0) {
+      throw Error('Input bit Array is empty');
+    }
+    inputDescriptor.buffer = Buffer.from(input, 0, input.byteLength);
   } else if (is.typedArray(input)) {
     if (input.length === 0) {
       throw Error('Input Bit Array is empty');
@@ -92,6 +101,14 @@ function _createInputDescriptor (input, inputOptions, containerOptions) {
         throw is.invalidParameterError('density', 'number between 1 and 100000', inputOptions.density);
       }
     }
+    // Ignore embeddded ICC profile
+    if (is.defined(inputOptions.ignoreIcc)) {
+      if (is.bool(inputOptions.ignoreIcc)) {
+        inputDescriptor.ignoreIcc = inputOptions.ignoreIcc;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('ignoreIcc', 'boolean', inputOptions.ignoreIcc);
+      }
+    }
     // limitInputPixels
     if (is.defined(inputOptions.limitInputPixels)) {
       if (is.bool(inputOptions.limitInputPixels)) {
@@ -327,6 +344,13 @@ function _createInputDescriptor (input, inputOptions, containerOptions) {
             throw is.invalidParameterError('text.spacing', 'number', inputOptions.text.spacing);
           }
         }
+        if (is.defined(inputOptions.text.wrap)) {
+          if (is.string(inputOptions.text.wrap) && is.inArray(inputOptions.text.wrap, ['word', 'char', 'wordChar', 'none'])) {
+            inputDescriptor.textWrap = inputOptions.text.wrap;
+          } else {
+            throw is.invalidParameterError('text.wrap', 'one of: word, char, wordChar, none', inputOptions.text.wrap);
+          }
+        }
         delete inputDescriptor.buffer;
       } else {
         throw new Error('Expected a valid string to create an image with text.');
@@ -387,8 +411,9 @@ function _isStreamInput () {
 /**
  * Fast access to (uncached) image metadata without decoding any compressed pixel data.
  *
- * This is taken from the header of the input image.
- * It does not include operations, such as resize, to be applied to the output image.
+ * This is read from the header of the input image.
+ * It does not take into consideration any operations to be applied to the output image,
+ * such as resize or rotate.
  *
  * Dimensions in the response will respect the `page` and `pages` properties of the
  * {@link /api-constructor#parameters|constructor parameters}.
@@ -407,6 +432,7 @@ function _isStreamInput () {
  * - `isProgressive`: Boolean indicating whether the image is interlaced using a progressive scan
  * - `pages`: Number of pages/frames contained within the image, with support for TIFF, HEIF, PDF, animated GIF and animated WebP
  * - `pageHeight`: Number of pixels high each page in a multi-page image will be.
+ * - `paletteBitDepth`: Bit depth of palette-based image (GIF, PNG).
  * - `loop`: Number of times to loop an animated image, zero refers to a continuous loop.
  * - `delay`: Delay in ms between each page in an animated image, provided as an array of integers.
  * - `pagePrimary`: Number of the primary page in a HEIF image
@@ -423,6 +449,7 @@ function _isStreamInput () {
  * - `iptc`: Buffer containing raw IPTC data, if present
  * - `xmp`: Buffer containing raw XMP data, if present
  * - `tifftagPhotoshop`: Buffer containing raw TIFFTAG_PHOTOSHOP data, if present
+ * - `formatMagick`: String containing format for images loaded via *magick
  *
  * @example
  * const metadata = await sharp(input).metadata();
@@ -469,7 +496,7 @@ function metadata (callback) {
   } else {
     if (this._isStreamInput()) {
       return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-        this.on('finish', () => {
+        const finished = () => {
           this._flattenBufferIn();
           sharp.metadata(this.options, (err, metadata) => {
             if (err) {
@@ -478,7 +505,12 @@ function metadata (callback) {
               resolve(metadata);
             }
           });
-        });
+        };
+        if (this.writableFinished) {
+          finished();
+        } else {
+          this.once('finish', finished);
+        }
       });
     } else {
       return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {

lib/is.js

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
 /**
@@ -71,6 +74,14 @@ const typedArray = function (val) {
   return false;
 };
 
+/**
+ * Is this value an ArrayBuffer object?
+ * @private
+ */
+const arrayBuffer = function (val) {
+  return val instanceof ArrayBuffer;
+};
+
 /**
  * Is this value a non-empty string?
  * @private
@@ -127,17 +138,18 @@ const invalidParameterError = function (name, expected, actual) {
 };
 
 module.exports = {
-  defined: defined,
-  object: object,
-  plainObject: plainObject,
-  fn: fn,
-  bool: bool,
-  buffer: buffer,
-  typedArray: typedArray,
-  string: string,
-  number: number,
-  integer: integer,
-  inRange: inRange,
-  inArray: inArray,
-  invalidParameterError: invalidParameterError
+  defined,
+  object,
+  plainObject,
+  fn,
+  bool,
+  buffer,
+  typedArray,
+  arrayBuffer,
+  string,
+  number,
+  integer,
+  inRange,
+  inArray,
+  invalidParameterError
 };

lib/libvips.js

@@ -1,52 +1,32 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
-const fs = require('fs');
-const os = require('os');
-const path = require('path');
-const spawnSync = require('child_process').spawnSync;
+const { spawnSync } = require('node:child_process');
 const semverCoerce = require('semver/functions/coerce');
 const semverGreaterThanOrEqualTo = require('semver/functions/gte');
+const detectLibc = require('detect-libc');
 
-const platform = require('./platform');
-const { config } = require('../package.json');
+const { engines } = require('../package.json');
 
-const env = process.env;
-const minimumLibvipsVersionLabelled = env.npm_package_config_libvips || /* istanbul ignore next */
-  config.libvips;
+const minimumLibvipsVersionLabelled = process.env.npm_package_config_libvips || /* istanbul ignore next */
+  engines.libvips;
 const minimumLibvipsVersion = semverCoerce(minimumLibvipsVersionLabelled).version;
 
+const prebuiltPlatforms = [
+  'darwin-arm64', 'darwin-x64',
+  'linux-arm', 'linux-arm64', 'linux-x64',
+  'linuxmusl-arm64', 'linuxmusl-x64',
+  'win32-ia32', 'win32-x64'
+];
+
 const spawnSyncOptions = {
   encoding: 'utf8',
   shell: true
 };
 
-const vendorPath = path.join(__dirname, '..', 'vendor', minimumLibvipsVersion, platform());
-
-const mkdirSync = function (dirPath) {
-  try {
-    fs.mkdirSync(dirPath, { recursive: true });
-  } catch (err) {
-    /* istanbul ignore next */
-    if (err.code !== 'EEXIST') {
-      throw err;
-    }
-  }
-};
-
-const cachePath = function () {
-  const npmCachePath = env.npm_config_cache || /* istanbul ignore next */
-    (env.APPDATA ? path.join(env.APPDATA, 'npm-cache') : path.join(os.homedir(), '.npm'));
-  mkdirSync(npmCachePath);
-  const libvipsCachePath = path.join(npmCachePath, '_libvips');
-  mkdirSync(libvipsCachePath);
-  return libvipsCachePath;
-};
-
-const integrity = function (platformAndArch) {
-  return env[`npm_package_config_integrity_${platformAndArch.replace('-', '_')}`] || config.integrity[platformAndArch];
-};
-
-const log = function (item) {
+const log = (item) => {
   if (item instanceof Error) {
     console.error(`sharp: Installation error: ${item.message}`);
   } else {
@@ -54,7 +34,43 @@ const log = function (item) {
   }
 };
 
-const isRosetta = function () {
+/* istanbul ignore next */
+const runtimeLibc = () => detectLibc.isNonGlibcLinuxSync() ? detectLibc.familySync() : '';
+
+const runtimePlatformArch = () => `${process.platform}${runtimeLibc()}-${process.arch}`;
+
+/* istanbul ignore next */
+const buildPlatformArch = () => {
+  /* eslint camelcase: ["error", { allow: ["^npm_config_"] }] */
+  const { npm_config_arch, npm_config_platform, npm_config_libc } = process.env;
+  return `${npm_config_platform || process.platform}${npm_config_libc || runtimeLibc()}-${npm_config_arch || process.arch}`;
+};
+
+const buildSharpLibvipsIncludeDir = () => {
+  try {
+    return require('@sharpen/sharp-libvips-dev/include');
+  } catch {}
+  /* istanbul ignore next */
+  return '';
+};
+
+const buildSharpLibvipsCPlusPlusDir = () => {
+  try {
+    return require('@sharpen/sharp-libvips-dev/cplusplus');
+  } catch {}
+  /* istanbul ignore next */
+  return '';
+};
+
+const buildSharpLibvipsLibDir = () => {
+  try {
+    return require(`@sharpen/sharp-libvips-${buildPlatformArch()}/lib`);
+  } catch {}
+  /* istanbul ignore next */
+  return '';
+};
+
+const isRosetta = () => {
   /* istanbul ignore next */
   if (process.platform === 'darwin' && process.arch === 'x64') {
     const translated = spawnSync('sysctl sysctl.proc_translated', spawnSyncOptions).stdout;
@@ -63,12 +79,19 @@ const isRosetta = function () {
   return false;
 };
 
-const globalLibvipsVersion = function () {
+/* istanbul ignore next */
+const spawnRebuild = () =>
+  spawnSync('node-gyp rebuild --directory=src', {
+    ...spawnSyncOptions,
+    stdio: 'inherit'
+  }).status;
+
+const globalLibvipsVersion = () => {
   if (process.platform !== 'win32') {
     const globalLibvipsVersion = spawnSync('pkg-config --modversion vips-cpp', {
       ...spawnSyncOptions,
       env: {
-        ...env,
+        ...process.env,
         PKG_CONFIG_PATH: pkgConfigPath()
       }
     }).stdout;
@@ -79,18 +102,8 @@ const globalLibvipsVersion = function () {
   }
 };
 
-const hasVendoredLibvips = function () {
-  return fs.existsSync(vendorPath);
-};
-
 /* istanbul ignore next */
-const removeVendoredLibvips = function () {
-  const rm = fs.rmSync ? fs.rmSync : fs.rmdirSync;
-  rm(vendorPath, { recursive: true, maxRetries: 3, force: true });
-};
-
-/* istanbul ignore next */
-const pkgConfigPath = function () {
+const pkgConfigPath = () => {
   if (process.platform !== 'win32') {
     const brewPkgConfigPath = spawnSync(
       'which brew >/dev/null 2>&1 && brew environment --plain | grep PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR | cut -d" " -f2',
@@ -98,7 +111,7 @@ const pkgConfigPath = function () {
     ).stdout || '';
     return [
       brewPkgConfigPath.trim(),
-      env.PKG_CONFIG_PATH,
+      process.env.PKG_CONFIG_PATH,
       '/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig',
       '/usr/lib/pkgconfig',
       '/usr/local/libdata/pkgconfig',
@@ -109,12 +122,14 @@ const pkgConfigPath = function () {
   }
 };
 
-const useGlobalLibvips = function () {
-  if (Boolean(env.SHARP_IGNORE_GLOBAL_LIBVIPS) === true) {
+const useGlobalLibvips = () => {
+  if (Boolean(process.env.SHARP_IGNORE_GLOBAL_LIBVIPS) === true) {
+    log('Detected SHARP_IGNORE_GLOBAL_LIBVIPS, skipping search for globally-installed libvips');
     return false;
   }
   /* istanbul ignore next */
   if (isRosetta()) {
+    log('Detected Rosetta, skipping search for globally-installed libvips');
     return false;
   }
   const globalVipsVersion = globalLibvipsVersion();
@@ -124,14 +139,15 @@ const useGlobalLibvips = function () {
 
 module.exports = {
   minimumLibvipsVersion,
-  minimumLibvipsVersionLabelled,
-  cachePath,
-  integrity,
+  prebuiltPlatforms,
+  buildPlatformArch,
+  buildSharpLibvipsIncludeDir,
+  buildSharpLibvipsCPlusPlusDir,
+  buildSharpLibvipsLibDir,
+  runtimePlatformArch,
   log,
+  spawnRebuild,
   globalLibvipsVersion,
-  hasVendoredLibvips,
-  removeVendoredLibvips,
   pkgConfigPath,
-  useGlobalLibvips,
-  mkdirSync
+  useGlobalLibvips
 };

lib/operation.js

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
 const color = require('color');
@@ -8,7 +11,7 @@ const is = require('./is');
  * or auto-orient based on the EXIF `Orientation` tag.
  *
  * If an angle is provided, it is converted to a valid positive degree rotation.
- * For example, `-450` will produce a 270deg rotation.
+ * For example, `-450` will produce a 270 degree rotation.
  *
  * When rotating by an angle other than a multiple of 90,
  * the background colour can be provided with the `background` option.
@@ -16,7 +19,7 @@ const is = require('./is');
  * If no angle is provided, it is determined from the EXIF data.
  * Mirroring is supported and may infer the use of a flip operation.
  *
- * The use of `rotate` implies the removal of the EXIF `Orientation` tag, if any.
+ * The use of `rotate` without an angle will remove the EXIF `Orientation` tag, if any.
  *
  * Only one rotation can occur per pipeline.
  * Previous calls to `rotate` in the same pipeline will be ignored.
@@ -77,8 +80,10 @@ function rotate (angle, options) {
 }
 
 /**
- * Flip the image about the vertical Y axis. This always occurs before rotation, if any.
- * The use of `flip` implies the removal of the EXIF `Orientation` tag, if any.
+ * Mirror the image vertically (up-down) about the x-axis.
+ * This always occurs before rotation, if any.
+ *
+ * This operation does not work correctly with multi-page images.
  *
  * @example
  * const output = await sharp(input).flip().toBuffer();
@@ -92,8 +97,8 @@ function flip (flip) {
 }
 
 /**
- * Flop the image about the horizontal X axis. This always occurs before rotation, if any.
- * The use of `flop` implies the removal of the EXIF `Orientation` tag, if any.
+ * Mirror the image horizontally (left-right) about the y-axis.
+ * This always occurs before rotation, if any.
  *
  * @example
  * const output = await sharp(input).flop().toBuffer();
@@ -111,7 +116,7 @@ function flop (flop) {
  *
  * You must provide an array of length 4 or a 2x2 affine transformation matrix.
  * By default, new pixels are filled with a black background. You can provide a background color with the `background` option.
- * A particular interpolator may also be specified. Set the `interpolator` option to an attribute of the `sharp.interpolator` Object e.g. `sharp.interpolator.nohalo`.
+ * A particular interpolator may also be specified. Set the `interpolator` option to an attribute of the `sharp.interpolators` Object e.g. `sharp.interpolators.nohalo`.
  *
  * In the case of a 2x2 matrix, the transform is:
  * - X = `matrix[0, 0]` \* (x + `idx`) + `matrix[0, 1]` \* (y + `idy`) + `odx`
@@ -128,7 +133,7 @@ function flop (flop) {
  * const pipeline = sharp()
  *   .affine([[1, 0.3], [0.1, 0.7]], {
  *      background: 'white',
- *      interpolate: sharp.interpolators.nohalo
+ *      interpolator: sharp.interpolators.nohalo
  *   })
  *   .toBuffer((err, outputBuffer, info) => {
  *      // outputBuffer contains the transformed image
@@ -205,9 +210,11 @@ function affine (matrix, options) {
 
 /**
  * Sharpen the image.
+ *
  * When used without parameters, performs a fast, mild sharpen of the output image.
+ *
  * When a `sigma` is provided, performs a slower, more accurate sharpen of the L channel in the LAB colour space.
- * Separate control over the level of sharpening in "flat" and "jagged" areas is available.
+ * Fine-grained control over the level of sharpening in "flat" (m1) and "jagged" (m2) areas is available.
  *
  * See {@link https://www.libvips.org/API/current/libvips-convolution.html#vips-sharpen|libvips sharpen} operation.
  *
@@ -229,13 +236,13 @@ function affine (matrix, options) {
  *   })
  *   .toBuffer();
  *
- * @param {Object|number} [options] - if present, is an Object with attributes or (deprecated) a number for `options.sigma`.
- * @param {number} [options.sigma] - the sigma of the Gaussian mask, where `sigma = 1 + radius / 2`.
- * @param {number} [options.m1=1.0] - the level of sharpening to apply to "flat" areas.
- * @param {number} [options.m2=2.0] - the level of sharpening to apply to "jagged" areas.
- * @param {number} [options.x1=2.0] - threshold between "flat" and "jagged"
- * @param {number} [options.y2=10.0] - maximum amount of brightening.
- * @param {number} [options.y3=20.0] - maximum amount of darkening.
+ * @param {Object|number} [options] - if present, is an Object with attributes
+ * @param {number} [options.sigma] - the sigma of the Gaussian mask, where `sigma = 1 + radius / 2`, between 0.000001 and 10
+ * @param {number} [options.m1=1.0] - the level of sharpening to apply to "flat" areas, between 0 and 1000000
+ * @param {number} [options.m2=2.0] - the level of sharpening to apply to "jagged" areas, between 0 and 1000000
+ * @param {number} [options.x1=2.0] - threshold between "flat" and "jagged", between 0 and 1000000
+ * @param {number} [options.y2=10.0] - maximum amount of brightening, between 0 and 1000000
+ * @param {number} [options.y3=20.0] - maximum amount of darkening, between 0 and 1000000
  * @param {number} [flat] - (deprecated) see `options.m1`.
  * @param {number} [jagged] - (deprecated) see `options.m2`.
  * @returns {Sharp}
@@ -268,44 +275,44 @@ function sharpen (options, flat, jagged) {
       }
     }
   } else if (is.plainObject(options)) {
-    if (is.number(options.sigma) && is.inRange(options.sigma, 0.01, 10000)) {
+    if (is.number(options.sigma) && is.inRange(options.sigma, 0.000001, 10)) {
       this.options.sharpenSigma = options.sigma;
     } else {
-      throw is.invalidParameterError('options.sigma', 'number between 0.01 and 10000', options.sigma);
+      throw is.invalidParameterError('options.sigma', 'number between 0.000001 and 10', options.sigma);
     }
     if (is.defined(options.m1)) {
-      if (is.number(options.m1) && is.inRange(options.m1, 0, 10000)) {
+      if (is.number(options.m1) && is.inRange(options.m1, 0, 1000000)) {
         this.options.sharpenM1 = options.m1;
       } else {
-        throw is.invalidParameterError('options.m1', 'number between 0 and 10000', options.m1);
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('options.m1', 'number between 0 and 1000000', options.m1);
       }
     }
     if (is.defined(options.m2)) {
-      if (is.number(options.m2) && is.inRange(options.m2, 0, 10000)) {
+      if (is.number(options.m2) && is.inRange(options.m2, 0, 1000000)) {
         this.options.sharpenM2 = options.m2;
       } else {
-        throw is.invalidParameterError('options.m2', 'number between 0 and 10000', options.m2);
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('options.m2', 'number between 0 and 1000000', options.m2);
       }
     }
     if (is.defined(options.x1)) {
-      if (is.number(options.x1) && is.inRange(options.x1, 0, 10000)) {
+      if (is.number(options.x1) && is.inRange(options.x1, 0, 1000000)) {
         this.options.sharpenX1 = options.x1;
       } else {
-        throw is.invalidParameterError('options.x1', 'number between 0 and 10000', options.x1);
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('options.x1', 'number between 0 and 1000000', options.x1);
       }
     }
     if (is.defined(options.y2)) {
-      if (is.number(options.y2) && is.inRange(options.y2, 0, 10000)) {
+      if (is.number(options.y2) && is.inRange(options.y2, 0, 1000000)) {
         this.options.sharpenY2 = options.y2;
       } else {
-        throw is.invalidParameterError('options.y2', 'number between 0 and 10000', options.y2);
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('options.y2', 'number between 0 and 1000000', options.y2);
       }
     }
     if (is.defined(options.y3)) {
-      if (is.number(options.y3) && is.inRange(options.y3, 0, 10000)) {
+      if (is.number(options.y3) && is.inRange(options.y3, 0, 1000000)) {
         this.options.sharpenY3 = options.y3;
       } else {
-        throw is.invalidParameterError('options.y3', 'number between 0 and 10000', options.y3);
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('options.y3', 'number between 0 and 1000000', options.y3);
       }
     }
   } else {
@@ -400,6 +407,32 @@ function flatten (options) {
   return this;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Ensure the image has an alpha channel
+ * with all white pixel values made fully transparent.
+ *
+ * Existing alpha channel values for non-white pixels remain unchanged.
+ *
+ * This feature is experimental and the API may change.
+ *
+ * @since 0.32.1
+ *
+ * @example
+ * await sharp(rgbInput)
+ *   .unflatten()
+ *   .toBuffer();
+ *
+ * @example
+ * await sharp(rgbInput)
+ *   .threshold(128, { grayscale: false }) // converter bright pixels to white
+ *   .unflatten()
+ *   .toBuffer();
+ */
+function unflatten () {
+  this.options.unflatten = true;
+  return this;
+}
+
 /**
  * Apply a gamma correction by reducing the encoding (darken) pre-resize at a factor of `1/gamma`
  * then increasing the encoding (brighten) post-resize at a factor of `gamma`.
@@ -464,16 +497,50 @@ function negate (options) {
 }
 
 /**
- * Enhance output image contrast by stretching its luminance to cover the full dynamic range.
+ * Enhance output image contrast by stretching its luminance to cover a full dynamic range.
+ *
+ * Uses a histogram-based approach, taking a default range of 1% to 99% to reduce sensitivity to noise at the extremes.
+ *
+ * Luminance values below the `lower` percentile will be underexposed by clipping to zero.
+ * Luminance values above the `upper` percentile will be overexposed by clipping to the max pixel value.
  *
  * @example
- * const output = await sharp(input).normalise().toBuffer();
+ * const output = await sharp(input)
+ *   .normalise()
+ *   .toBuffer();
  *
- * @param {Boolean} [normalise=true]
+ * @example
+ * const output = await sharp(input)
+ *   .normalise({ lower: 0, upper: 100 })
+ *   .toBuffer();
+ *
+ * @param {Object} [options]
+ * @param {number} [options.lower=1] - Percentile below which luminance values will be underexposed.
+ * @param {number} [options.upper=99] - Percentile above which luminance values will be overexposed.
  * @returns {Sharp}
  */
-function normalise (normalise) {
-  this.options.normalise = is.bool(normalise) ? normalise : true;
+function normalise (options) {
+  if (is.plainObject(options)) {
+    if (is.defined(options.lower)) {
+      if (is.number(options.lower) && is.inRange(options.lower, 0, 99)) {
+        this.options.normaliseLower = options.lower;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('lower', 'number between 0 and 99', options.lower);
+      }
+    }
+    if (is.defined(options.upper)) {
+      if (is.number(options.upper) && is.inRange(options.upper, 1, 100)) {
+        this.options.normaliseUpper = options.upper;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('upper', 'number between 1 and 100', options.upper);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  if (this.options.normaliseLower >= this.options.normaliseUpper) {
+    throw is.invalidParameterError('range', 'lower to be less than upper',
+      `${this.options.normaliseLower} >= ${this.options.normaliseUpper}`);
+  }
+  this.options.normalise = true;
   return this;
 }
 
@@ -481,13 +548,17 @@ function normalise (normalise) {
  * Alternative spelling of normalise.
  *
  * @example
- * const output = await sharp(input).normalize().toBuffer();
+ * const output = await sharp(input)
+ *   .normalize()
+ *   .toBuffer();
  *
- * @param {Boolean} [normalize=true]
+ * @param {Object} [options]
+ * @param {number} [options.lower=1] - Percentile below which luminance values will be underexposed.
+ * @param {number} [options.upper=99] - Percentile above which luminance values will be overexposed.
  * @returns {Sharp}
  */
-function normalize (normalize) {
-  return this.normalise(normalize);
+function normalize (options) {
+  return this.normalise(options);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -507,35 +578,34 @@ function normalize (normalize) {
  *   .toBuffer();
  *
  * @param {Object} options
- * @param {number} options.width - integer width of the region in pixels.
- * @param {number} options.height - integer height of the region in pixels.
- * @param {number} [options.maxSlope=3] - maximum value for the slope of the
- *  cumulative histogram. A value of 0 disables contrast limiting. Valid values
- *  are integers in the range 0-100 (inclusive)
+ * @param {number} options.width - Integral width of the search window, in pixels.
+ * @param {number} options.height - Integral height of the search window, in pixels.
+ * @param {number} [options.maxSlope=3] - Integral level of brightening, between 0 and 100, where 0 disables contrast limiting.
  * @returns {Sharp}
  * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters
  */
 function clahe (options) {
-  if (!is.plainObject(options)) {
+  if (is.plainObject(options)) {
+    if (is.integer(options.width) && options.width > 0) {
+      this.options.claheWidth = options.width;
+    } else {
+      throw is.invalidParameterError('width', 'integer greater than zero', options.width);
+    }
+    if (is.integer(options.height) && options.height > 0) {
+      this.options.claheHeight = options.height;
+    } else {
+      throw is.invalidParameterError('height', 'integer greater than zero', options.height);
+    }
+    if (is.defined(options.maxSlope)) {
+      if (is.integer(options.maxSlope) && is.inRange(options.maxSlope, 0, 100)) {
+        this.options.claheMaxSlope = options.maxSlope;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('maxSlope', 'integer between 0 and 100', options.maxSlope);
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
     throw is.invalidParameterError('options', 'plain object', options);
   }
-  if (!('width' in options) || !is.integer(options.width) || options.width <= 0) {
-    throw is.invalidParameterError('width', 'integer above zero', options.width);
-  } else {
-    this.options.claheWidth = options.width;
-  }
-  if (!('height' in options) || !is.integer(options.height) || options.height <= 0) {
-    throw is.invalidParameterError('height', 'integer above zero', options.height);
-  } else {
-    this.options.claheHeight = options.height;
-  }
-  if (!is.defined(options.maxSlope)) {
-    this.options.claheMaxSlope = 3;
-  } else if (!is.integer(options.maxSlope) || options.maxSlope < 0 || options.maxSlope > 100) {
-    throw is.invalidParameterError('maxSlope', 'integer 0-100', options.maxSlope);
-  } else {
-    this.options.claheMaxSlope = options.maxSlope;
-  }
   return this;
 }
 
@@ -698,7 +768,7 @@ function linear (a, b) {
 }
 
 /**
- * Recomb the image with the specified matrix.
+ * Recombine the image with the specified matrix.
  *
  * @since 0.21.1
  *
@@ -711,7 +781,7 @@ function linear (a, b) {
  *   ])
  *   .raw()
  *   .toBuffer(function(err, data, info) {
- *     // data contains the raw pixel data after applying the recomb
+ *     // data contains the raw pixel data after applying the matrix
  *     // With this example input, a sepia filter has been applied
  *   });
  *
@@ -768,7 +838,7 @@ function recomb (inputMatrix) {
  *   .toBuffer();
  *
  * @example
- * // decreate brightness and saturation while also hue-rotating by 90 degrees
+ * // decrease brightness and saturation while also hue-rotating by 90 degrees
  * const output = await sharp(input)
  *   .modulate({
  *     brightness: 0.5,
@@ -833,6 +903,7 @@ module.exports = function (Sharp) {
     median,
     blur,
     flatten,
+    unflatten,
     gamma,
     negate,
     normalise,

lib/output.js

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
-const path = require('path');
+const path = require('node:path');
 const is = require('./is');
 const sharp = require('./sharp');
 
@@ -22,10 +25,13 @@ const formats = new Map([
   ['jp2', 'jp2'],
   ['jpx', 'jp2'],
   ['j2k', 'jp2'],
-  ['j2c', 'jp2']
+  ['j2c', 'jp2'],
+  ['jxl', 'jxl']
 ]);
 
-const errJp2Save = new Error('JP2 output requires libvips with support for OpenJPEG');
+const jp2Regex = /\.(jp[2x]|j2[kc])$/i;
+
+const errJp2Save = () => new Error('JP2 output requires libvips with support for OpenJPEG');
 
 const bitdepthFromColourCount = (colours) => 1 << 31 - Math.clz32(Math.ceil(Math.log2(colours)));
 
@@ -37,7 +43,7 @@ const bitdepthFromColourCount = (colours) => 1 << 31 - Math.clz32(Math.ceil(Math
  * Note that raw pixel data is only supported for buffer output.
  *
  * By default all metadata will be removed, which includes EXIF-based orientation.
- * See {@link withMetadata} for control over this.
+ * See {@link #withmetadata|withMetadata} for control over this.
  *
  * The caller is responsible for ensuring directory structures and permissions exist.
  *
@@ -58,6 +64,7 @@ const bitdepthFromColourCount = (colours) => 1 << 31 - Math.clz32(Math.ceil(Math
  * `info` contains the output image `format`, `size` (bytes), `width`, `height`,
  * `channels` and `premultiplied` (indicating if premultiplication was used).
  * When using a crop strategy also contains `cropOffsetLeft` and `cropOffsetTop`.
+ * When using the attention crop strategy also contains `attentionX` and `attentionY`, the focal point of the cropped region.
  * May also contain `textAutofitDpi` (dpi the font was rendered at) if image was created from text.
  * @returns {Promise<Object>} - when no callback is provided
  * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters
@@ -68,6 +75,8 @@ function toFile (fileOut, callback) {
     err = new Error('Missing output file path');
   } else if (is.string(this.options.input.file) && path.resolve(this.options.input.file) === path.resolve(fileOut)) {
     err = new Error('Cannot use same file for input and output');
+  } else if (jp2Regex.test(path.extname(fileOut)) && !this.constructor.format.jp2k.output.file) {
+    err = errJp2Save();
   }
   if (err) {
     if (is.fn(callback)) {
@@ -86,12 +95,12 @@ function toFile (fileOut, callback) {
  * Write output to a Buffer.
  * JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF, TIFF, GIF and raw pixel data output are supported.
  *
- * Use {@link toFormat} or one of the format-specific functions such as {@link jpeg}, {@link png} etc. to set the output format.
+ * Use {@link #toformat|toFormat} or one of the format-specific functions such as {@link jpeg}, {@link png} etc. to set the output format.
  *
  * If no explicit format is set, the output format will match the input image, except SVG input which becomes PNG output.
  *
  * By default all metadata will be removed, which includes EXIF-based orientation.
- * See {@link withMetadata} for control over this.
+ * See {@link #withmetadata|withMetadata} for control over this.
  *
  * `callback`, if present, gets three arguments `(err, data, info)` where:
  * - `err` is an error, if any.
@@ -153,8 +162,8 @@ function toBuffer (options, callback) {
 
 /**
  * Include all metadata (EXIF, XMP, IPTC) from the input image in the output image.
- * This will also convert to and add a web-friendly sRGB ICC profile unless a custom
- * output profile is provided.
+ * This will also convert to and add a web-friendly sRGB ICC profile if appropriate,
+ * unless a custom output profile is provided.
  *
  * The default behaviour, when `withMetadata` is not used, is to convert to the device-independent
  * sRGB colour space and strip all metadata, including the removal of any ICC profile.
@@ -168,12 +177,18 @@ function toBuffer (options, callback) {
  *   .then(info => { ... });
  *
  * @example
- * // Set "IFD0-Copyright" in output EXIF metadata
+ * // Set output EXIF metadata
  * const data = await sharp(input)
  *   .withMetadata({
  *     exif: {
  *       IFD0: {
- *         Copyright: 'Wernham Hogg'
+ *         Copyright: 'The National Gallery'
+ *       },
+ *       IFD3: {
+ *         GPSLatitudeRef: 'N',
+ *         GPSLatitude: '51/1 30/1 3230/100',
+ *         GPSLongitudeRef: 'W',
+ *         GPSLongitude: '0/1 7/1 4366/100'
  *       }
  *     }
  *   })
@@ -187,7 +202,7 @@ function toBuffer (options, callback) {
  *
  * @param {Object} [options]
  * @param {number} [options.orientation] value between 1 and 8, used to update the EXIF `Orientation` tag.
- * @param {string} [options.icc] filesystem path to output ICC profile, defaults to sRGB.
+ * @param {string} [options.icc='srgb'] Filesystem path to output ICC profile, relative to `process.cwd()`, defaults to built-in sRGB.
  * @param {Object<Object>} [options.exif={}] Object keyed by IFD0, IFD1 etc. of key/value string pairs to write as EXIF data.
  * @param {number} [options.density] Number of pixels per inch (DPI).
  * @returns {Sharp}
@@ -468,6 +483,7 @@ function png (options) {
  * @param {boolean} [options.lossless=false] - use lossless compression mode
  * @param {boolean} [options.nearLossless=false] - use near_lossless compression mode
  * @param {boolean} [options.smartSubsample=false] - use high quality chroma subsampling
+ * @param {string} [options.preset='default'] - named preset for preprocessing/filtering, one of: default, photo, picture, drawing, icon, text
  * @param {number} [options.effort=4] - CPU effort, between 0 (fastest) and 6 (slowest)
  * @param {number} [options.loop=0] - number of animation iterations, use 0 for infinite animation
  * @param {number|number[]} [options.delay] - delay(s) between animation frames (in milliseconds)
@@ -502,6 +518,13 @@ function webp (options) {
     if (is.defined(options.smartSubsample)) {
       this._setBooleanOption('webpSmartSubsample', options.smartSubsample);
     }
+    if (is.defined(options.preset)) {
+      if (is.string(options.preset) && is.inArray(options.preset, ['default', 'photo', 'picture', 'drawing', 'icon', 'text'])) {
+        this.options.webpPreset = options.preset;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('preset', 'one of: default, photo, picture, drawing, icon, text', options.preset);
+      }
+    }
     if (is.defined(options.effort)) {
       if (is.integer(options.effort) && is.inRange(options.effort, 0, 6)) {
         this.options.webpEffort = options.effort;
@@ -547,13 +570,21 @@ function webp (options) {
  *   .gif({ dither: 0 })
  *   .toBuffer();
  *
+ * @example
+ * // Lossy file size reduction of animated GIF
+ * await sharp('in.gif', { animated: true })
+ *   .gif({ interFrameMaxError: 8 })
+ *   .toFile('optim.gif');
+ *
  * @param {Object} [options] - output options
- * @param {boolean} [options.reoptimise=false] - always generate new palettes (slow), re-use existing by default
- * @param {boolean} [options.reoptimize=false] - alternative spelling of `options.reoptimise`
+ * @param {boolean} [options.reuse=true] - re-use existing palette, otherwise generate new (slow)
+ * @param {boolean} [options.progressive=false] - use progressive (interlace) scan
  * @param {number} [options.colours=256] - maximum number of palette entries, including transparency, between 2 and 256
  * @param {number} [options.colors=256] - alternative spelling of `options.colours`
  * @param {number} [options.effort=7] - CPU effort, between 1 (fastest) and 10 (slowest)
  * @param {number} [options.dither=1.0] - level of Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion, between 0 (least) and 1 (most)
+ * @param {number} [options.interFrameMaxError=0] - maximum inter-frame error for transparency, between 0 (lossless) and 32
+ * @param {number} [options.interPaletteMaxError=3] - maximum inter-palette error for palette reuse, between 0 and 256
  * @param {number} [options.loop=0] - number of animation iterations, use 0 for infinite animation
  * @param {number|number[]} [options.delay] - delay(s) between animation frames (in milliseconds)
  * @param {boolean} [options.force=true] - force GIF output, otherwise attempt to use input format
@@ -562,10 +593,11 @@ function webp (options) {
  */
 function gif (options) {
   if (is.object(options)) {
-    if (is.defined(options.reoptimise)) {
-      this._setBooleanOption('gifReoptimise', options.reoptimise);
-    } else if (is.defined(options.reoptimize)) {
-      this._setBooleanOption('gifReoptimise', options.reoptimize);
+    if (is.defined(options.reuse)) {
+      this._setBooleanOption('gifReuse', options.reuse);
+    }
+    if (is.defined(options.progressive)) {
+      this._setBooleanOption('gifProgressive', options.progressive);
     }
     const colours = options.colours || options.colors;
     if (is.defined(colours)) {
@@ -589,11 +621,26 @@ function gif (options) {
         throw is.invalidParameterError('dither', 'number between 0.0 and 1.0', options.dither);
       }
     }
+    if (is.defined(options.interFrameMaxError)) {
+      if (is.number(options.interFrameMaxError) && is.inRange(options.interFrameMaxError, 0, 32)) {
+        this.options.gifInterFrameMaxError = options.interFrameMaxError;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('interFrameMaxError', 'number between 0.0 and 32.0', options.interFrameMaxError);
+      }
+    }
+    if (is.defined(options.interPaletteMaxError)) {
+      if (is.number(options.interPaletteMaxError) && is.inRange(options.interPaletteMaxError, 0, 256)) {
+        this.options.gifInterPaletteMaxError = options.interPaletteMaxError;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('interPaletteMaxError', 'number between 0.0 and 256.0', options.interPaletteMaxError);
+      }
+    }
   }
   trySetAnimationOptions(options, this.options);
   return this._updateFormatOut('gif', options);
 }
 
+/* istanbul ignore next */
 /**
  * Use these JP2 options for output image.
  *
@@ -627,10 +674,9 @@ function gif (options) {
  * @returns {Sharp}
  * @throws {Error} Invalid options
  */
-/* istanbul ignore next */
 function jp2 (options) {
   if (!this.constructor.format.jp2k.output.buffer) {
-    throw errJp2Save;
+    throw errJp2Save();
   }
   if (is.object(options)) {
     if (is.defined(options.quality)) {
@@ -663,7 +709,7 @@ function jp2 (options) {
     }
     if (is.defined(options.chromaSubsampling)) {
       if (is.string(options.chromaSubsampling) && is.inArray(options.chromaSubsampling, ['4:2:0', '4:4:4'])) {
-        this.options.heifChromaSubsampling = options.chromaSubsampling;
+        this.options.jp2ChromaSubsampling = options.chromaSubsampling;
       } else {
         throw is.invalidParameterError('chromaSubsampling', 'one of: 4:2:0, 4:4:4', options.chromaSubsampling);
       }
@@ -708,7 +754,8 @@ function trySetAnimationOptions (source, target) {
 /**
  * Use these TIFF options for output image.
  *
- * The `density` can be set in pixels/inch via {@link withMetadata} instead of providing `xres` and `yres` in pixels/mm.
+ * The `density` can be set in pixels/inch via {@link #withmetadata|withMetadata}
+ * instead of providing `xres` and `yres` in pixels/mm.
  *
  * @example
  * // Convert SVG input to LZW-compressed, 1 bit per pixel TIFF output
@@ -820,9 +867,6 @@ function tiff (options) {
 /**
  * Use these AVIF options for output image.
  *
- * Whilst it is possible to create AVIF images smaller than 16x16 pixels,
- * most web browsers do not display these properly.
- *
  * AVIF image sequences are not supported.
  *
  * @example
@@ -862,9 +906,9 @@ function avif (options) {
  *
  * @since 0.23.0
  *
- * @param {Object} [options] - output options
+ * @param {Object} options - output options
+ * @param {string} options.compression - compression format: av1, hevc
  * @param {number} [options.quality=50] - quality, integer 1-100
- * @param {string} [options.compression='av1'] - compression format: av1, hevc
  * @param {boolean} [options.lossless=false] - use lossless compression
  * @param {number} [options.effort=4] - CPU effort, between 0 (fastest) and 9 (slowest)
  * @param {string} [options.chromaSubsampling='4:4:4'] - set to '4:2:0' to use chroma subsampling
@@ -873,6 +917,11 @@ function avif (options) {
  */
 function heif (options) {
   if (is.object(options)) {
+    if (is.string(options.compression) && is.inArray(options.compression, ['av1', 'hevc'])) {
+      this.options.heifCompression = options.compression;
+    } else {
+      throw is.invalidParameterError('compression', 'one of: av1, hevc', options.compression);
+    }
     if (is.defined(options.quality)) {
       if (is.integer(options.quality) && is.inRange(options.quality, 1, 100)) {
         this.options.heifQuality = options.quality;
@@ -887,13 +936,6 @@ function heif (options) {
         throw is.invalidParameterError('lossless', 'boolean', options.lossless);
       }
     }
-    if (is.defined(options.compression)) {
-      if (is.string(options.compression) && is.inArray(options.compression, ['av1', 'hevc'])) {
-        this.options.heifCompression = options.compression;
-      } else {
-        throw is.invalidParameterError('compression', 'one of: av1, hevc', options.compression);
-      }
-    }
     if (is.defined(options.effort)) {
       if (is.integer(options.effort) && is.inRange(options.effort, 0, 9)) {
         this.options.heifEffort = options.effort;
@@ -908,10 +950,77 @@ function heif (options) {
         throw is.invalidParameterError('chromaSubsampling', 'one of: 4:2:0, 4:4:4', options.chromaSubsampling);
       }
     }
+  } else {
+    throw is.invalidParameterError('options', 'Object', options);
   }
   return this._updateFormatOut('heif', options);
 }
 
+/**
+ * Use these JPEG-XL (JXL) options for output image.
+ *
+ * This feature is experimental, please do not use in production systems.
+ *
+ * Requires libvips compiled with support for libjxl.
+ * The prebuilt binaries do not include this - see
+ * {@link https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install#custom-libvips installing a custom libvips}.
+ *
+ * Image metadata (EXIF, XMP) is unsupported.
+ *
+ * @since 0.31.3
+ *
+ * @param {Object} [options] - output options
+ * @param {number} [options.distance=1.0] - maximum encoding error, between 0 (highest quality) and 15 (lowest quality)
+ * @param {number} [options.quality] - calculate `distance` based on JPEG-like quality, between 1 and 100, overrides distance if specified
+ * @param {number} [options.decodingTier=0] - target decode speed tier, between 0 (highest quality) and 4 (lowest quality)
+ * @param {boolean} [options.lossless=false] - use lossless compression
+ * @param {number} [options.effort=7] - CPU effort, between 3 (fastest) and 9 (slowest)
+ * @returns {Sharp}
+ * @throws {Error} Invalid options
+ */
+function jxl (options) {
+  if (is.object(options)) {
+    if (is.defined(options.quality)) {
+      if (is.integer(options.quality) && is.inRange(options.quality, 1, 100)) {
+        // https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl/blob/0aeea7f180bafd6893c1db8072dcb67d2aa5b03d/tools/cjxl_main.cc#L640-L644
+        this.options.jxlDistance = options.quality >= 30
+          ? 0.1 + (100 - options.quality) * 0.09
+          : 53 / 3000 * options.quality * options.quality - 23 / 20 * options.quality + 25;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('quality', 'integer between 1 and 100', options.quality);
+      }
+    } else if (is.defined(options.distance)) {
+      if (is.number(options.distance) && is.inRange(options.distance, 0, 15)) {
+        this.options.jxlDistance = options.distance;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('distance', 'number between 0.0 and 15.0', options.distance);
+      }
+    }
+    if (is.defined(options.decodingTier)) {
+      if (is.integer(options.decodingTier) && is.inRange(options.decodingTier, 0, 4)) {
+        this.options.jxlDecodingTier = options.decodingTier;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('decodingTier', 'integer between 0 and 4', options.decodingTier);
+      }
+    }
+    if (is.defined(options.lossless)) {
+      if (is.bool(options.lossless)) {
+        this.options.jxlLossless = options.lossless;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('lossless', 'boolean', options.lossless);
+      }
+    }
+    if (is.defined(options.effort)) {
+      if (is.integer(options.effort) && is.inRange(options.effort, 3, 9)) {
+        this.options.jxlEffort = options.effort;
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('effort', 'integer between 3 and 9', options.effort);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return this._updateFormatOut('jxl', options);
+}
+
 /**
  * Force output to be raw, uncompressed pixel data.
  * Pixel ordering is left-to-right, top-to-bottom, without padding.
@@ -934,6 +1043,7 @@ function heif (options) {
  *
  * @param {Object} [options] - output options
  * @param {string} [options.depth='uchar'] - bit depth, one of: char, uchar (default), short, ushort, int, uint, float, complex, double, dpcomplex
+ * @returns {Sharp}
  * @throws {Error} Invalid options
  */
 function raw (options) {
@@ -959,6 +1069,10 @@ function raw (options) {
  *
  * The container will be set to `zip` when the output is a Buffer or Stream, otherwise it will default to `fs`.
  *
+ * Requires libvips compiled with support for libgsf.
+ * The prebuilt binaries do not include this - see
+ * {@link https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install#custom-libvips installing a custom libvips}.
+ *
  * @example
  *  sharp('input.tiff')
  *   .png()
@@ -1253,7 +1367,7 @@ function _pipeline (callback) {
             reject(err);
           } else {
             if (this.options.resolveWithObject) {
-              resolve({ data: data, info: info });
+              resolve({ data, info });
             } else {
               resolve(data);
             }
@@ -1282,6 +1396,7 @@ module.exports = function (Sharp) {
     tiff,
     avif,
     heif,
+    jxl,
     gif,
     raw,
     tile,

lib/platform.js

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-'use strict';
-
-const detectLibc = require('detect-libc');
-
-const env = process.env;
-
-module.exports = function () {
-  const arch = env.npm_config_arch || process.arch;
-  const platform = env.npm_config_platform || process.platform;
-  const libc = process.env.npm_config_libc ||
-    /* istanbul ignore next */
-    (detectLibc.isNonGlibcLinuxSync() ? detectLibc.familySync() : '');
-  const libcId = platform !== 'linux' || libc === detectLibc.GLIBC ? '' : libc;
-
-  const platformId = [`${platform}${libcId}`];
-
-  if (arch === 'arm') {
-    const fallback = process.versions.electron ? '7' : '6';
-    platformId.push(`armv${env.npm_config_arm_version || process.config.variables.arm_version || fallback}`);
-  } else if (arch === 'arm64') {
-    platformId.push(`arm64v${env.npm_config_arm_version || '8'}`);
-  } else {
-    platformId.push(arch);
-  }
-
-  return platformId.join('-');
-};

lib/resize.js

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
 const is = require('./is');
@@ -36,6 +39,18 @@ const position = {
   'left top': 8
 };
 
+/**
+ * How to extend the image.
+ * @member
+ * @private
+ */
+const extendWith = {
+  background: 'background',
+  copy: 'copy',
+  repeat: 'repeat',
+  mirror: 'mirror'
+};
+
 /**
  * Strategies for automagic cover behaviour.
  * @member
@@ -103,7 +118,7 @@ function isResizeExpected (options) {
  * Resize image to `width`, `height` or `width x height`.
  *
  * When both a `width` and `height` are provided, the possible methods by which the image should **fit** these are:
- * - `cover`: (default) Preserving aspect ratio, ensure the image covers both provided dimensions by cropping/clipping to fit.
+ * - `cover`: (default) Preserving aspect ratio, attempt to ensure the image covers both provided dimensions by cropping/clipping to fit.
  * - `contain`: Preserving aspect ratio, contain within both provided dimensions using "letterboxing" where necessary.
  * - `fill`: Ignore the aspect ratio of the input and stretch to both provided dimensions.
  * - `inside`: Preserving aspect ratio, resize the image to be as large as possible while ensuring its dimensions are less than or equal to both those specified.
@@ -111,6 +126,8 @@ function isResizeExpected (options) {
  *
  * Some of these values are based on the [object-fit](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/object-fit) CSS property.
  *
+ * <img alt="Examples of various values for the fit property when resizing" width="100%" style="aspect-ratio: 998/243" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/lovell/sharp@main/docs/image/api-resize-fit.svg">
+ *
  * When using a **fit** of `cover` or `contain`, the default **position** is `centre`. Other options are:
  * - `sharp.position`: `top`, `right top`, `right`, `right bottom`, `bottom`, `left bottom`, `left`, `left top`.
  * - `sharp.gravity`: `north`, `northeast`, `east`, `southeast`, `south`, `southwest`, `west`, `northwest`, `center` or `centre`.
@@ -214,32 +231,35 @@ function isResizeExpected (options) {
  *     .toBuffer()
  *   );
  *
- * @param {number} [width] - pixels wide the resultant image should be. Use `null` or `undefined` to auto-scale the width to match the height.
- * @param {number} [height] - pixels high the resultant image should be. Use `null` or `undefined` to auto-scale the height to match the width.
+ * @param {number} [width] - How many pixels wide the resultant image should be. Use `null` or `undefined` to auto-scale the width to match the height.
+ * @param {number} [height] - How many pixels high the resultant image should be. Use `null` or `undefined` to auto-scale the height to match the width.
  * @param {Object} [options]
- * @param {String} [options.width] - alternative means of specifying `width`. If both are present this take priority.
- * @param {String} [options.height] - alternative means of specifying `height`. If both are present this take priority.
- * @param {String} [options.fit='cover'] - how the image should be resized to fit both provided dimensions, one of `cover`, `contain`, `fill`, `inside` or `outside`.
- * @param {String} [options.position='centre'] - position, gravity or strategy to use when `fit` is `cover` or `contain`.
+ * @param {number} [options.width] - An alternative means of specifying `width`. If both are present this takes priority.
+ * @param {number} [options.height] - An alternative means of specifying `height`. If both are present this takes priority.
+ * @param {String} [options.fit='cover'] - How the image should be resized/cropped to fit the target dimension(s), one of `cover`, `contain`, `fill`, `inside` or `outside`.
+ * @param {String} [options.position='centre'] - A position, gravity or strategy to use when `fit` is `cover` or `contain`.
  * @param {String|Object} [options.background={r: 0, g: 0, b: 0, alpha: 1}] - background colour when `fit` is `contain`, parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module, defaults to black without transparency.
- * @param {String} [options.kernel='lanczos3'] - the kernel to use for image reduction.
- * @param {Boolean} [options.withoutEnlargement=false] - do not enlarge if the width *or* height are already less than the specified dimensions, equivalent to GraphicsMagick's `>` geometry option.
- * @param {Boolean} [options.withoutReduction=false] - do not reduce if the width *or* height are already greater than the specified dimensions, equivalent to GraphicsMagick's `<` geometry option.
- * @param {Boolean} [options.fastShrinkOnLoad=true] - take greater advantage of the JPEG and WebP shrink-on-load feature, which can lead to a slight moiré pattern on some images.
+ * @param {String} [options.kernel='lanczos3'] - The kernel to use for image reduction. Use the `fastShrinkOnLoad` option to control kernel vs shrink-on-load.
+ * @param {Boolean} [options.withoutEnlargement=false] - Do not scale up if the width *or* height are already less than the target dimensions, equivalent to GraphicsMagick's `>` geometry option. This may result in output dimensions smaller than the target dimensions.
+ * @param {Boolean} [options.withoutReduction=false] - Do not scale down if the width *or* height are already greater than the target dimensions, equivalent to GraphicsMagick's `<` geometry option. This may still result in a crop to reach the target dimensions.
+ * @param {Boolean} [options.fastShrinkOnLoad=true] - Take greater advantage of the JPEG and WebP shrink-on-load feature, which can lead to a slight moiré pattern or round-down of an auto-scaled dimension.
  * @returns {Sharp}
  * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters
  */
-function resize (width, height, options) {
+function resize (widthOrOptions, height, options) {
   if (isResizeExpected(this.options)) {
     this.options.debuglog('ignoring previous resize options');
   }
-  if (is.defined(width)) {
-    if (is.object(width) && !is.defined(options)) {
-      options = width;
-    } else if (is.integer(width) && width > 0) {
-      this.options.width = width;
+  if (this.options.widthPost !== -1) {
+    this.options.debuglog('operation order will be: extract, resize, extract');
+  }
+  if (is.defined(widthOrOptions)) {
+    if (is.object(widthOrOptions) && !is.defined(options)) {
+      options = widthOrOptions;
+    } else if (is.integer(widthOrOptions) && widthOrOptions > 0) {
+      this.options.width = widthOrOptions;
     } else {
-      throw is.invalidParameterError('width', 'positive integer', width);
+      throw is.invalidParameterError('width', 'positive integer', widthOrOptions);
     }
   } else {
     this.options.width = -1;
@@ -320,7 +340,8 @@ function resize (width, height, options) {
 }
 
 /**
- * Extends/pads the edges of the image with the provided background colour.
+ * Extend / pad / extrude one or more edges of the image with either
+ * the provided background colour or pixels derived from the image.
  * This operation will always occur after resizing and extraction, if any.
  *
  * @example
@@ -346,11 +367,21 @@ function resize (width, height, options) {
  *   })
  *   ...
  *
+ * @example
+ * // Extrude image by 8 pixels to the right, mirroring existing right hand edge
+ * sharp(input)
+ *   .extend({
+ *     right: 8,
+ *     background: 'mirror'
+ *   })
+ *   ...
+ *
  * @param {(number|Object)} extend - single pixel count to add to all edges or an Object with per-edge counts
  * @param {number} [extend.top=0]
  * @param {number} [extend.left=0]
  * @param {number} [extend.bottom=0]
  * @param {number} [extend.right=0]
+ * @param {String} [extend.extendWith='background'] - populate new pixels using this method, one of: background, copy, repeat, mirror.
  * @param {String|Object} [extend.background={r: 0, g: 0, b: 0, alpha: 1}] - background colour, parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module, defaults to black without transparency.
  * @returns {Sharp}
  * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters
@@ -391,6 +422,13 @@ function extend (extend) {
       }
     }
     this._setBackgroundColourOption('extendBackground', extend.background);
+    if (is.defined(extend.extendWith)) {
+      if (is.string(extendWith[extend.extendWith])) {
+        this.options.extendWith = extendWith[extend.extendWith];
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('extendWith', 'one of: background, copy, repeat, mirror', extend.extendWith);
+      }
+    }
   } else {
     throw is.invalidParameterError('extend', 'integer or object', extend);
   }
@@ -402,7 +440,7 @@ function extend (extend) {
  *
  * - Use `extract` before `resize` for pre-resize extraction.
  * - Use `extract` after `resize` for post-resize extraction.
- * - Use `extract` before and after for both.
+ * - Use `extract` twice and `resize` once for extract-then-resize-then-extract in a fixed operation order.
  *
  * @example
  * sharp(input)

lib/sharp.js

@@ -1,35 +1,69 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
-const platformAndArch = require('./platform')();
+// Inspects the runtime environment and exports the relevant sharp.node binary
+
+const { familySync, versionSync } = require('detect-libc');
+
+const { runtimePlatformArch, prebuiltPlatforms, minimumLibvipsVersion } = require('./libvips');
+const runtimePlatform = runtimePlatformArch();
+const [isLinux, isMacOs, isWindows] = ['linux', 'darwin', 'win32'].map(os => runtimePlatform.startsWith(os));
 
 /* istanbul ignore next */
 try {
-  module.exports = require(`../build/Release/sharp-${platformAndArch}.node`);
-} catch (err) {
-  // Bail early if bindings aren't available
-  const help = ['', 'Something went wrong installing the "sharp" module', '', err.message, '', 'Possible solutions:'];
-  if (/dylib/.test(err.message) && /Incompatible library version/.test(err.message)) {
-    help.push('- Update Homebrew: "brew update && brew upgrade vips"');
-  } else {
-    const [platform, arch] = platformAndArch.split('-');
-    if (platform === 'linux' && /Module did not self-register/.test(err.message)) {
-      help.push('- Using worker threads? See https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install#worker-threads');
+  // Check for local build
+  module.exports = require(`../src/build/Release/sharp-${runtimePlatform}.node`);
+} catch (errLocal) {
+  try {
+    // Check for runtime package
+    module.exports = require(`@sharpen/sharp-${runtimePlatform}/sharp.node`);
+  } catch (errPackage) {
+    const help = ['Could not load the "sharp" module at runtime'];
+    if (errLocal.code !== 'MODULE_NOT_FOUND') {
+      help.push(`${errLocal.code}: ${errLocal.message}`);
     }
-    help.push(
-      '- Install with verbose logging and look for errors: "npm install --ignore-scripts=false --foreground-scripts --verbose sharp"',
-      `- Install for the current ${platformAndArch} runtime: "npm install --platform=${platform} --arch=${arch} sharp"`
-    );
-  }
-  help.push(
-    '- Consult the installation documentation: https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install'
-  );
-  // Check loaded
-  if (process.platform === 'win32' || /symbol/.test(err.message)) {
-    const loadedModule = Object.keys(require.cache).find((i) => /[\\/]build[\\/]Release[\\/]sharp(.*)\.node$/.test(i));
-    if (loadedModule) {
-      const [, loadedPackage] = loadedModule.match(/node_modules[\\/]([^\\/]+)[\\/]/);
-      help.push(`- Ensure the version of sharp aligns with the ${loadedPackage} package: "npm ls sharp"`);
+    if (errPackage.code !== 'MODULE_NOT_FOUND') {
+      help.push(`${errPackage.code}: ${errPackage.message}`);
     }
+    help.push('Possible solutions:');
+    // Common error messages
+    if (prebuiltPlatforms.includes(runtimePlatform)) {
+      help.push('- Add an explicit dependency for the runtime platform:');
+      help.push(`    npm install --force @sharpen/sharp-${runtimePlatform}"`);
+    } else {
+      help.push(`- The ${runtimePlatform} platform requires manual installation of libvips >= ${minimumLibvipsVersion}`);
+    }
+    if (isLinux && /symbol not found/i.test(errPackage)) {
+      try {
+        const { engines } = require(`@sharpen/sharp-libvips-${runtimePlatform}/package`);
+        const libcFound = `${familySync()} ${versionSync()}`;
+        const libcRequires = `${engines.musl ? 'musl' : 'glibc'} ${engines.musl || engines.glibc}`;
+        help.push('- Update your OS:');
+        help.push(`    Found ${libcFound}`);
+        help.push(`    Requires ${libcRequires}`);
+      } catch (errEngines) {}
+    }
+    if (isMacOs && /Incompatible library version/.test(errLocal.message)) {
+      help.push('- Update Homebrew:');
+      help.push('    brew update && brew upgrade vips');
+    }
+    if (errPackage.code === 'ERR_DLOPEN_DISABLED') {
+      help.push('- Run Node.js without using the --no-addons flag');
+    }
+    if (process.versions.pnp) {
+      help.push('- Use a supported yarn linker, either pnpm or node-modules:');
+      help.push('    yarn config set nodeLinker node-modules');
+    }
+    // Link to installation docs
+    if (isLinux && /Module did not self-register/.test(errLocal.message + errPackage.message)) {
+      help.push('- Using worker threads on Linux? See https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install#worker-threads');
+    } else if (isWindows && /The specified procedure could not be found/.test(errPackage.message)) {
+      help.push('- Using the canvas package on Windows? See https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install#canvas-and-windows');
+    } else {
+      help.push('- Consult the installation documentation: https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install');
+    }
+    throw new Error(help.join('\n'));
   }
-  throw new Error(help.join('\n'));
 }

lib/utility.js

@@ -1,14 +1,18 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
-const fs = require('fs');
-const path = require('path');
-const events = require('events');
+const events = require('node:events');
 const detectLibc = require('detect-libc');
 
 const is = require('./is');
-const platformAndArch = require('./platform')();
+const { runtimePlatformArch } = require('./libvips');
 const sharp = require('./sharp');
 
+const runtimePlatform = runtimePlatformArch();
+const libvipsVersion = sharp.libvipsVersion();
+
 /**
  * An Object containing nested boolean values representing the available input and output formats/methods.
  * @member
@@ -43,32 +47,27 @@ const interpolators = {
 };
 
 /**
- * An Object containing the version numbers of libvips and its dependencies.
+ * An Object containing the version numbers of sharp, libvips
+ * and (when using prebuilt binaries) its dependencies.
+ *
  * @member
  * @example
  * console.log(sharp.versions);
  */
 let versions = {
-  vips: sharp.libvipsVersion()
+  vips: libvipsVersion.semver
 };
-try {
-  versions = require(`../vendor/${versions.vips}/${platformAndArch}/versions.json`);
-} catch (_err) { /* ignore */ }
-
-/**
- * An Object containing the platform and architecture
- * of the current and installed vendored binaries.
- * @member
- * @example
- * console.log(sharp.vendor);
- */
-const vendor = {
-  current: platformAndArch,
-  installed: []
-};
-try {
-  vendor.installed = fs.readdirSync(path.join(__dirname, `../vendor/${versions.vips}`));
-} catch (_err) { /* ignore */ }
+/* istanbul ignore next */
+if (!libvipsVersion.isGlobal) {
+  try {
+    versions = require(`@sharpen/sharp-${runtimePlatform}/versions`);
+  } catch (_) {
+    try {
+      versions = require(`@sharpen/sharp-libvips-${runtimePlatform}/versions`);
+    } catch (_) {}
+  }
+}
+versions.sharp = require('../package.json').version;
 
 /**
  * Gets or, when options are provided, sets the limits of _libvips'_ operation cache.
@@ -198,6 +197,72 @@ function simd (simd) {
 }
 simd(true);
 
+/**
+ * Block libvips operations at runtime.
+ *
+ * This is in addition to the `VIPS_BLOCK_UNTRUSTED` environment variable,
+ * which when set will block all "untrusted" operations.
+ *
+ * @since 0.32.4
+ *
+ * @example <caption>Block all TIFF input.</caption>
+ * sharp.block({
+ *   operation: ['VipsForeignLoadTiff']
+ * });
+ *
+ * @param {Object} options
+ * @param {Array<string>} options.operation - List of libvips low-level operation names to block.
+ */
+function block (options) {
+  if (is.object(options)) {
+    if (Array.isArray(options.operation) && options.operation.every(is.string)) {
+      sharp.block(options.operation, true);
+    } else {
+      throw is.invalidParameterError('operation', 'Array<string>', options.operation);
+    }
+  } else {
+    throw is.invalidParameterError('options', 'object', options);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Unblock libvips operations at runtime.
+ *
+ * This is useful for defining a list of allowed operations.
+ *
+ * @since 0.32.4
+ *
+ * @example <caption>Block all input except WebP from the filesystem.</caption>
+ * sharp.block({
+ *   operation: ['VipsForeignLoad']
+ * });
+ * sharp.unblock({
+ *   operation: ['VipsForeignLoadWebpFile']
+ * });
+ *
+ * @example <caption>Block all input except JPEG and PNG from a Buffer or Stream.</caption>
+ * sharp.block({
+ *   operation: ['VipsForeignLoad']
+ * });
+ * sharp.unblock({
+ *   operation: ['VipsForeignLoadJpegBuffer', 'VipsForeignLoadPngBuffer']
+ * });
+ *
+ * @param {Object} options
+ * @param {Array<string>} options.operation - List of libvips low-level operation names to unblock.
+ */
+function unblock (options) {
+  if (is.object(options)) {
+    if (Array.isArray(options.operation) && options.operation.every(is.string)) {
+      sharp.block(options.operation, false);
+    } else {
+      throw is.invalidParameterError('operation', 'Array<string>', options.operation);
+    }
+  } else {
+    throw is.invalidParameterError('options', 'object', options);
+  }
+}
+
 /**
  * Decorate the Sharp class with utility-related functions.
  * @private
@@ -210,6 +275,7 @@ module.exports = function (Sharp) {
   Sharp.format = format;
   Sharp.interpolators = interpolators;
   Sharp.versions = versions;
-  Sharp.vendor = vendor;
   Sharp.queue = queue;
+  Sharp.block = block;
+  Sharp.unblock = unblock;
 };

npm/darwin-arm64/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+{
+  "name": "@sharpen/sharp-darwin-arm64",
+  "version": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with macOS ARM64",
+  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git+https://github.com/lovell/sharp.git",
+    "directory": "npm/darwin-arm64"
+  },
+  "license": "Apache-2.0",
+  "funding": {
+    "url": "https://opencollective.com/libvips"
+  },
+  "preferUnplugged": true,
+  "optionalDependencies": {
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-darwin-arm64": "0.0.1-alpha.2"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "lib"
+  ],
+  "publishConfig": {
+    "access": "public"
+  },
+  "type": "commonjs",
+  "exports": {
+    "./sharp.node": "./lib/sharp-darwin-arm64.node",
+    "./package": "./package.json"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": "^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0",
+    "npm": ">=9.6.5",
+    "yarn": ">=3.2.0",
+    "pnpm": ">=7.1.0",
+    "glibc": ">=2.26"
+  },
+  "os": [
+    "darwin"
+  ],
+  "cpu": [
+    "arm64"
+  ]
+}

npm/darwin-x64/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+{
+  "name": "@sharpen/sharp-darwin-x64",
+  "version": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with macOS x64",
+  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git+https://github.com/lovell/sharp.git",
+    "directory": "npm/darwin-x64"
+  },
+  "license": "Apache-2.0",
+  "funding": {
+    "url": "https://opencollective.com/libvips"
+  },
+  "preferUnplugged": true,
+  "optionalDependencies": {
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-darwin-x64": "0.0.1-alpha.2"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "lib"
+  ],
+  "publishConfig": {
+    "access": "public"
+  },
+  "type": "commonjs",
+  "exports": {
+    "./sharp.node": "./lib/sharp-darwin-x64.node",
+    "./package": "./package.json"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": "^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0",
+    "npm": ">=9.6.5",
+    "yarn": ">=3.2.0",
+    "pnpm": ">=7.1.0",
+    "glibc": ">=2.26"
+  },
+  "os": [
+    "darwin"
+  ],
+  "cpu": [
+    "x64"
+  ]
+}

npm/from-github-release.js

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+'use strict';
+
+// Populate contents of all packages with the current GitHub release
+
+const { writeFile, copyFile, rm } = require('node:fs/promises');
+const path = require('node:path');
+const { Readable } = require('node:stream');
+const { pipeline } = require('node:stream/promises');
+const { createGunzip } = require('node:zlib');
+const { extract } = require('tar-fs');
+
+const { workspaces } = require('./package.json');
+const { version } = require('../package.json');
+
+const mapTarballEntry = (header) => {
+  header.name = path.basename(header.name);
+  return header;
+};
+
+const licensing = `
+## Licensing
+
+Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+[https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0](https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+`;
+
+workspaces.map(async platform => {
+  const url = `https://github.com/lovell/sharp/releases/download/v${version}/sharp-v${version}-napi-v9-${platform}.tar.gz`;
+  const dir = path.join(__dirname, platform);
+  const response = await fetch(url);
+  if (!response.ok) {
+    console.log(`Skipping ${platform}: ${response.statusText}`);
+    return;
+  }
+  // Extract prebuild tarball
+  const lib = path.join(dir, 'lib');
+  await rm(lib, { recursive: true });
+  await pipeline(
+    Readable.fromWeb(response.body),
+    createGunzip(),
+    extract(lib, { map: mapTarballEntry })
+  );
+  // Generate README
+  const { name, description } = require(`./${platform}/package.json`);
+  await writeFile(path.join(dir, 'README.md'), `# \`${name}\`\n\n${description}.\n${licensing}`);
+  // Copy Apache-2.0 LICENSE
+  await copyFile(path.join(__dirname, '..', 'LICENSE'), path.join(dir, 'LICENSE'));
+  // Copy Windows-specific files
+  if (platform.startsWith('win32-')) {
+    const sharpLibvipsDir = path.join(require(`@sharpen/sharp-libvips-${platform}/lib`), '..');
+    await Promise.all(
+      ['versions.json', 'THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.md'].map(
+        filename => copyFile(path.join(sharpLibvipsDir, filename), path.join(dir, filename))
+      )
+    );
+  }
+});

npm/from-local-build.js

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+'use strict';
+
+// Populate contents of a single npm/sharpen-sharp-<build-platform> package
+// with the local/CI build directory for local/CI prebuild testing
+
+const fs = require('node:fs');
+const path = require('node:path');
+
+const { buildPlatformArch } = require('../lib/libvips');
+const platform = buildPlatformArch();
+const dest = path.join(__dirname, platform);
+
+// Use same config as prebuild to copy binary files
+const release = path.join(__dirname, '..', 'src', 'build', 'Release');
+const prebuildrc = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, '..', '.prebuildrc'), 'utf8'));
+const include = new RegExp(prebuildrc['include-regex'], 'i');
+fs.cpSync(release, path.join(dest, 'lib'), {
+  recursive: true,
+  filter: (file) => {
+    const name = path.basename(file);
+    return name === 'Release' || include.test(name);
+  }
+});

npm/linux-arm/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+{
+  "name": "@sharpen/sharp-linux-arm",
+  "version": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with Linux (glibc) ARM (32-bit)",
+  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git+https://github.com/lovell/sharp.git",
+    "directory": "npm/linux-arm"
+  },
+  "license": "Apache-2.0",
+  "funding": {
+    "url": "https://opencollective.com/libvips"
+  },
+  "preferUnplugged": true,
+  "optionalDependencies": {
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-linux-arm": "0.0.1-alpha.2"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "lib"
+  ],
+  "publishConfig": {
+    "access": "public"
+  },
+  "type": "commonjs",
+  "exports": {
+    "./sharp.node": "./lib/sharp-linux-arm.node",
+    "./package": "./package.json"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": "^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0",
+    "npm": ">=9.6.5",
+    "yarn": ">=3.2.0",
+    "pnpm": ">=7.1.0",
+    "glibc": ">=2.28"
+  },
+  "os": [
+    "linux"
+  ],
+  "libc": [
+    "glibc"
+  ],
+  "cpu": [
+    "arm"
+  ]
+}

npm/linux-arm64/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+{
+  "name": "@sharpen/sharp-linux-arm64",
+  "version": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with Linux (glibc) ARM64",
+  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git+https://github.com/lovell/sharp.git",
+    "directory": "npm/linux-arm64"
+  },
+  "license": "Apache-2.0",
+  "funding": {
+    "url": "https://opencollective.com/libvips"
+  },
+  "preferUnplugged": true,
+  "optionalDependencies": {
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-linux-arm64": "0.0.1-alpha.2"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "lib"
+  ],
+  "publishConfig": {
+    "access": "public"
+  },
+  "type": "commonjs",
+  "exports": {
+    "./sharp.node": "./lib/sharp-linux-arm64.node",
+    "./package": "./package.json"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": "^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0",
+    "npm": ">=9.6.5",
+    "yarn": ">=3.2.0",
+    "pnpm": ">=7.1.0",
+    "glibc": ">=2.26"
+  },
+  "os": [
+    "linux"
+  ],
+  "libc": [
+    "glibc"
+  ],
+  "cpu": [
+    "arm64"
+  ]
+}

npm/linux-x64/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+{
+  "name": "@sharpen/sharp-linux-x64",
+  "version": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with Linux (glibc) x64",
+  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git+https://github.com/lovell/sharp.git",
+    "directory": "npm/linux-x64"
+  },
+  "license": "Apache-2.0",
+  "funding": {
+    "url": "https://opencollective.com/libvips"
+  },
+  "preferUnplugged": true,
+  "optionalDependencies": {
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-linux-x64": "0.0.1-alpha.2"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "lib"
+  ],
+  "publishConfig": {
+    "access": "public"
+  },
+  "type": "commonjs",
+  "exports": {
+    "./sharp.node": "./lib/sharp-linux-x64.node",
+    "./package": "./package.json"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": "^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0",
+    "npm": ">=9.6.5",
+    "yarn": ">=3.2.0",
+    "pnpm": ">=7.1.0",
+    "glibc": ">=2.26"
+  },
+  "os": [
+    "linux"
+  ],
+  "libc": [
+    "glibc"
+  ],
+  "cpu": [
+    "x64"
+  ]
+}

npm/linuxmusl-arm64/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+{
+  "name": "@sharpen/sharp-linuxmusl-arm64",
+  "version": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with Linux (musl) ARM64",
+  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git+https://github.com/lovell/sharp.git",
+    "directory": "npm/linuxmusl-arm64"
+  },
+  "license": "Apache-2.0",
+  "funding": {
+    "url": "https://opencollective.com/libvips"
+  },
+  "preferUnplugged": true,
+  "optionalDependencies": {
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-arm64": "0.0.1-alpha.2"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "lib"
+  ],
+  "publishConfig": {
+    "access": "public"
+  },
+  "type": "commonjs",
+  "exports": {
+    "./sharp.node": "./lib/sharp-linuxmusl-arm64.node",
+    "./package": "./package.json"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": "^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0",
+    "npm": ">=9.6.5",
+    "yarn": ">=3.2.0",
+    "pnpm": ">=7.1.0",
+    "musl": ">=1.2.2"
+  },
+  "os": [
+    "linux"
+  ],
+  "libc": [
+    "musl"
+  ],
+  "cpu": [
+    "arm64"
+  ]
+}

npm/linuxmusl-x64/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+{
+  "name": "@sharpen/sharp-linuxmusl-x64",
+  "version": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with Linux (musl) x64",
+  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git+https://github.com/lovell/sharp.git",
+    "directory": "npm/linuxmusl-x64"
+  },
+  "license": "Apache-2.0",
+  "funding": {
+    "url": "https://opencollective.com/libvips"
+  },
+  "preferUnplugged": true,
+  "optionalDependencies": {
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-x64": "0.0.1-alpha.2"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "lib"
+  ],
+  "publishConfig": {
+    "access": "public"
+  },
+  "type": "commonjs",
+  "exports": {
+    "./sharp.node": "./lib/sharp-linuxmusl-x64.node",
+    "./package": "./package.json"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": "^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0",
+    "npm": ">=9.6.5",
+    "yarn": ">=3.2.0",
+    "pnpm": ">=7.1.0",
+    "musl": ">=1.2.2"
+  },
+  "os": [
+    "linux"
+  ],
+  "libc": [
+    "musl"
+  ],
+  "cpu": [
+    "x64"
+  ]
+}

npm/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+{
+  "name": "@sharpen/sharp",
+  "version": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+  "private": "true",
+  "workspaces": [
+    "darwin-x64",
+    "darwin-arm64",
+    "linux-arm",
+    "linux-arm64",
+    "linuxmusl-arm64",
+    "linuxmusl-x64",
+    "linux-x64",
+    "win32-ia32",
+    "win32-x64"
+  ]
+}

npm/win32-ia32/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+{
+  "name": "@sharpen/sharp-win32-ia32",
+  "version": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with Windows x86 (32-bit)",
+  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git+https://github.com/lovell/sharp.git",
+    "directory": "npm/win32-ia32"
+  },
+  "license": "Apache-2.0 AND LGPL-3.0-or-later",
+  "funding": {
+    "url": "https://opencollective.com/libvips"
+  },
+  "preferUnplugged": true,
+  "files": [
+    "lib",
+    "versions.json",
+    "THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.md"
+  ],
+  "publishConfig": {
+    "access": "public"
+  },
+  "type": "commonjs",
+  "exports": {
+    "./sharp.node": "./lib/sharp-win32-ia32.node",
+    "./package": "./package.json",
+    "./versions": "./versions.json"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": "^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0",
+    "npm": ">=9.6.5",
+    "yarn": ">=3.2.0",
+    "pnpm": ">=7.1.0"
+  },
+  "os": [
+    "win32"
+  ],
+  "cpu": [
+    "ia32"
+  ]
+}

npm/win32-x64/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+{
+  "name": "@sharpen/sharp-win32-x64",
+  "version": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with Windows x64",
+  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git+https://github.com/lovell/sharp.git",
+    "directory": "npm/win32-x64"
+  },
+  "license": "Apache-2.0 AND LGPL-3.0-or-later",
+  "funding": {
+    "url": "https://opencollective.com/libvips"
+  },
+  "preferUnplugged": true,
+  "files": [
+    "lib",
+    "versions.json",
+    "THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.md"
+  ],
+  "publishConfig": {
+    "access": "public"
+  },
+  "type": "commonjs",
+  "exports": {
+    "./sharp.node": "./lib/sharp-win32-x64.node",
+    "./package": "./package.json"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": "^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0",
+    "npm": ">=9.6.5",
+    "yarn": ">=3.2.0",
+    "pnpm": ">=7.1.0"
+  },
+  "os": [
+    "win32"
+  ],
+  "cpu": [
+    "x64"
+  ]
+}

package.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "name": "sharp",
   "description": "High performance Node.js image processing, the fastest module to resize JPEG, PNG, WebP, GIF, AVIF and TIFF images",
-  "version": "0.31.2",
+  "version": "0.33.0-alpha.8",
   "author": "Lovell Fuller <npm@lovell.info>",
   "homepage": "https://github.com/lovell/sharp",
   "contributors": [
@@ -85,30 +85,35 @@
     "Brodan <christopher.hranj@gmail.com",
     "Ankur Parihar <ankur.github@gmail.com>",
     "Brahim Ait elhaj <brahima@gmail.com>",
-    "Mart Jansink <m.jansink@gmail.com>"
+    "Mart Jansink <m.jansink@gmail.com>",
+    "Lachlan Newman <lachnewman007@gmail.com>"
   ],
   "scripts": {
-    "install": "(node install/libvips && node install/dll-copy && prebuild-install) || (node install/can-compile && node-gyp rebuild && node install/dll-copy)",
-    "clean": "rm -rf node_modules/ build/ vendor/ .nyc_output/ coverage/ test/fixtures/output.*",
-    "test": "npm run test-lint && npm run test-unit && npm run test-licensing",
+    "install": "node install/check",
+    "clean": "rm -rf src/build/ .nyc_output/ coverage/ test/fixtures/output.*",
+    "test": "npm run test-lint && npm run test-unit && npm run test-licensing && npm run test-types",
     "test-lint": "semistandard && cpplint",
-    "test-unit": "nyc --reporter=lcov --reporter=text --check-coverage --branches=100 mocha --slow=1000 --timeout=30000 ./test/unit/*.js",
-    "test-licensing": "license-checker --production --summary --onlyAllow=\"Apache-2.0;BSD;ISC;MIT\"",
+    "test-unit": "nyc --reporter=lcov --reporter=text --check-coverage --branches=100 mocha",
+    "test-licensing": "license-checker --production --summary --onlyAllow=\"Apache-2.0;BSD;ISC;LGPL-3.0-or-later;MIT\"",
     "test-leak": "./test/leak/leak.sh",
-    "docs-build": "documentation lint lib && node docs/build && node docs/search-index/build",
+    "test-types": "tsd",
+    "package-from-local-build": "node npm/from-local-build",
+    "package-from-github-release": "node npm/from-github-release",
+    "docs-build": "node docs/build && node docs/search-index/build",
     "docs-serve": "cd docs && npx serve",
     "docs-publish": "cd docs && npx firebase-tools deploy --project pixelplumbing --only hosting:pixelplumbing-sharp"
   },
+  "type": "commonjs",
   "main": "lib/index.js",
+  "types": "lib/index.d.ts",
   "files": [
-    "binding.gyp",
-    "install/**",
-    "lib/**",
-    "src/**"
+    "install",
+    "lib",
+    "src/*.{cc,h,gyp}"
   ],
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
-    "url": "git://github.com/lovell/sharp"
+    "url": "git://github.com/lovell/sharp.git"
   },
   "keywords": [
     "jpeg",
@@ -130,57 +135,58 @@
   ],
   "dependencies": {
     "color": "^4.2.3",
-    "detect-libc": "^2.0.1",
-    "node-addon-api": "^5.0.0",
-    "prebuild-install": "^7.1.1",
-    "semver": "^7.3.8",
-    "simple-get": "^4.0.1",
-    "tar-fs": "^2.1.1",
-    "tunnel-agent": "^0.6.0"
+    "detect-libc": "^2.0.2",
+    "semver": "^7.5.4"
+  },
+  "optionalDependencies": {
+    "@sharpen/sharp-darwin-arm64": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-darwin-x64": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-darwin-arm64": "0.0.1-alpha.2",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-darwin-x64": "0.0.1-alpha.2",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-linux-arm": "0.0.1-alpha.2",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-linux-arm64": "0.0.1-alpha.2",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-linux-x64": "0.0.1-alpha.2",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-arm64": "0.0.1-alpha.2",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-x64": "0.0.1-alpha.2",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-linux-arm": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-linux-arm64": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-linux-x64": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-linuxmusl-arm64": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-linuxmusl-x64": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-win32-ia32": "0.0.1-alpha.8",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-win32-x64": "0.0.1-alpha.8"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-dev": "0.0.1-alpha.2",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-win32-ia32": "0.0.1-alpha.2",
+    "@sharpen/sharp-libvips-win32-x64": "0.0.1-alpha.2",
+    "@types/node": "*",
     "async": "^3.2.4",
     "cc": "^3.0.1",
-    "documentation": "^14.0.0",
-    "exif-reader": "^1.0.3",
+    "exif-reader": "^2.0.0",
     "extract-zip": "^2.0.1",
-    "icc": "^2.0.0",
+    "icc": "^3.0.0",
+    "jsdoc-to-markdown": "^8.0.0",
     "license-checker": "^25.0.1",
-    "mocha": "^10.1.0",
-    "mock-fs": "^5.2.0",
+    "mocha": "^10.2.0",
+    "node-addon-api": "^7.0.0",
     "nyc": "^15.1.0",
-    "prebuild": "^11.0.4",
-    "rimraf": "^3.0.2",
-    "semistandard": "^16.0.1"
+    "prebuild": "^12.1.0",
+    "semistandard": "^17.0.0",
+    "tar-fs": "^3.0.4",
+    "tsd": "^0.29.0"
   },
   "license": "Apache-2.0",
-  "config": {
-    "libvips": "8.13.3",
-    "integrity": {
-      "darwin-arm64v8": "sha512-xFgYt7CtQSZcWoyUdzPTDNHbioZIrZSEU+gkMxzH4Cgjhi4/N49UsonnIZhKQoTBGloAqEexHeMx4rYTQ2Kgvw==",
-      "darwin-x64": "sha512-6SivWKzu15aUMMohe0wg7sNYMPETVnOe40BuWsnKOgzl3o5FpQqNSgs+68Mi8Za3Qti9/DaR+H/fyD0x48Af2w==",
-      "linux-arm64v8": "sha512-b+iI9V/ehgDabXYRQcvqa5CEysh+1FQsgFmYc358StCrJCDahwNmsQdsiH1GOVd5WaWh5wHUGByPwMmFOO16Aw==",
-      "linux-armv6": "sha512-zRP2F+EiustLE4bXSH8AHCxwfemh9d+QuvmPjira/HL6uJOUuA7SyQgVV1TPwTQle2ioCNnKPm7FEB/MAiT+ug==",
-      "linux-armv7": "sha512-6OCChowE5lBXXXAZrnGdA9dVktg7UdODEBpE5qTroiAJYZv4yXRMgyDFYajok7du2NTgoklhxGk8d9+4vGv5hg==",
-      "linux-x64": "sha512-OTmlmP2r8ozGKdB96X+K5oQE1ojVZanqLqqKlwDpEnfixyIaDGYbVzcjWBNGU3ai/26bvkaCkjynnc2ecYcsuA==",
-      "linuxmusl-arm64v8": "sha512-Qh5Wi+bkKTohFYHzSPssfjMhIkD6z6EHbVmnwmWSsgY9zsUBStFp6+mKcNTQfP5YM5Mz06vJOkLHX2OzEr5TzA==",
-      "linuxmusl-x64": "sha512-DwB4Fs3+ISw9etaLCANkueZDdk758iOS+wNp4TKZkHdq0al6B/3Pk7OHLR8a9E3H6wYDD328u++dcJzip5tacA==",
-      "win32-arm64v8": "sha512-96r3W+O4BtX602B1MtxU5Ru4lKzRRTZqM4OQEBJ//TNL3fiCZdd9agD+RQBjaeR4KFIyBSt3F7IE425ZWmxz+w==",
-      "win32-ia32": "sha512-qfN1MsfQGek1QQd1UNW7JT+5K5Ne1suFQ2GpgpYm3JLSpIve/tz2vOGEGzvTVssOBADJvAkTDFt+yIi3PgU9pA==",
-      "win32-x64": "sha512-eb3aAmjbVVBVRbiYgebQwoxkAt69WI8nwmKlilSQ3kWqoc0pXfIe322rF2UR8ebbISCGvYRUfzD2r1k92RXISQ=="
-    },
-    "runtime": "napi",
-    "target": 7
-  },
   "engines": {
-    "node": ">=14.15.0"
+    "node": "^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0",
+    "libvips": ">=8.14.5"
   },
   "funding": {
     "url": "https://opencollective.com/libvips"
   },
   "binary": {
     "napi_versions": [
-      7
+      9
     ]
   },
   "semistandard": {
@@ -193,5 +199,8 @@
     "filter": [
       "build/include"
     ]
+  },
+  "tsd": {
+    "directory": "test/types/"
   }
 }

src/binding.gyp

@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 {
   'variables': {
-    'vips_version': '<!(node -p "require(\'./lib/libvips\').minimumLibvipsVersion")',
-    'platform_and_arch': '<!(node -p "require(\'./lib/platform\')()")',
-    'sharp_vendor_dir': './vendor/<(vips_version)/<(platform_and_arch)'
+    'vips_version': '<!(node -p "require(\'../lib/libvips\').minimumLibvipsVersion")',
+    'platform_and_arch': '<!(node -p "require(\'../lib/libvips\').buildPlatformArch()")',
+    'sharp_libvips_include_dir': '<!(node -p "require(\'../lib/libvips\').buildSharpLibvipsIncludeDir()")',
+    'sharp_libvips_cplusplus_dir': '<!(node -p "require(\'../lib/libvips\').buildSharpLibvipsCPlusPlusDir()")',
+    'sharp_libvips_lib_dir': '<!(node -p "require(\'../lib/libvips\').buildSharpLibvipsLibDir()")'
   },
   'targets': [{
     'target_name': 'libvips-cpp',
@@ -15,19 +20,19 @@
           '_ALLOW_KEYWORD_MACROS'
         ],
         'sources': [
-          'src/libvips/cplusplus/VConnection.cpp',
-          'src/libvips/cplusplus/VError.cpp',
-          'src/libvips/cplusplus/VImage.cpp',
-          'src/libvips/cplusplus/VInterpolate.cpp',
-          'src/libvips/cplusplus/VRegion.cpp'
+          '<(sharp_libvips_cplusplus_dir)/VConnection.cpp',
+          '<(sharp_libvips_cplusplus_dir)/VError.cpp',
+          '<(sharp_libvips_cplusplus_dir)/VImage.cpp',
+          '<(sharp_libvips_cplusplus_dir)/VInterpolate.cpp',
+          '<(sharp_libvips_cplusplus_dir)/VRegion.cpp'
         ],
         'include_dirs': [
-          '<(sharp_vendor_dir)/include',
-          '<(sharp_vendor_dir)/include/glib-2.0',
-          '<(sharp_vendor_dir)/lib/glib-2.0/include'
+          '<(sharp_libvips_include_dir)',
+          '<(sharp_libvips_include_dir)/glib-2.0',
+          '<(sharp_libvips_lib_dir)/glib-2.0/include'
         ],
         'link_settings': {
-          'library_dirs': ['<(sharp_vendor_dir)/lib'],
+          'library_dirs': ['<(sharp_libvips_lib_dir)'],
           'libraries': [
             'libvips.lib',
             'libglib-2.0.lib',
@@ -70,18 +75,19 @@
   }, {
     'target_name': 'sharp-<(platform_and_arch)',
     'defines': [
-      'NAPI_VERSION=7'
+      'NAPI_VERSION=9',
+      'NODE_ADDON_API_DISABLE_DEPRECATED',
+      'NODE_API_SWALLOW_UNTHROWABLE_EXCEPTIONS'
     ],
     'dependencies': [
       '<!(node -p "require(\'node-addon-api\').gyp")',
       'libvips-cpp'
     ],
     'variables': {
-      'runtime_link%': 'shared',
       'conditions': [
         ['OS != "win"', {
-          'pkg_config_path': '<!(node -p "require(\'./lib/libvips\').pkgConfigPath()")',
-          'use_global_libvips': '<!(node -p "Boolean(require(\'./lib/libvips\').useGlobalLibvips()).toString()")'
+          'pkg_config_path': '<!(node -p "require(\'../lib/libvips\').pkgConfigPath()")',
+          'use_global_libvips': '<!(node -p "Boolean(require(\'../lib/libvips\').useGlobalLibvips()).toString()")'
         }, {
           'pkg_config_path': '',
           'use_global_libvips': ''
@@ -89,13 +95,13 @@
       ]
     },
     'sources': [
-      'src/common.cc',
-      'src/metadata.cc',
-      'src/stats.cc',
-      'src/operations.cc',
-      'src/pipeline.cc',
-      'src/utilities.cc',
-      'src/sharp.cc'
+      'common.cc',
+      'metadata.cc',
+      'stats.cc',
+      'operations.cc',
+      'pipeline.cc',
+      'utilities.cc',
+      'sharp.cc'
     ],
     'include_dirs': [
       '<!(node -p "require(\'node-addon-api\').include_dir")',
@@ -104,12 +110,11 @@
       ['use_global_libvips == "true"', {
         # Use pkg-config for include and lib
         'include_dirs': ['<!@(PKG_CONFIG_PATH="<(pkg_config_path)" pkg-config --cflags-only-I vips-cpp vips glib-2.0 | sed s\/-I//g)'],
+        'libraries': ['<!@(PKG_CONFIG_PATH="<(pkg_config_path)" pkg-config --libs vips-cpp)'],
+        'defines': [
+          'SHARP_USE_GLOBAL_LIBVIPS'
+        ],
         'conditions': [
-          ['runtime_link == "static"', {
-            'libraries': ['<!@(PKG_CONFIG_PATH="<(pkg_config_path)" pkg-config --libs --static vips-cpp)']
-          }, {
-            'libraries': ['<!@(PKG_CONFIG_PATH="<(pkg_config_path)" pkg-config --libs vips-cpp)']
-          }],
           ['OS == "linux"', {
             'defines': [
               # Inspect libvips-cpp.so to determine which C++11 ABI version was used and set _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI accordingly. This is quite horrible.
@@ -120,9 +125,9 @@
       }, {
         # Use pre-built libvips stored locally within node_modules
         'include_dirs': [
-          '<(sharp_vendor_dir)/include',
-          '<(sharp_vendor_dir)/include/glib-2.0',
-          '<(sharp_vendor_dir)/lib/glib-2.0/include'
+          '<(sharp_libvips_include_dir)',
+          '<(sharp_libvips_include_dir)/glib-2.0',
+          '<(sharp_libvips_lib_dir)/glib-2.0/include'
         ],
         'conditions': [
           ['OS == "win"', {
@@ -131,7 +136,7 @@
               '_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64'
             ],
             'link_settings': {
-              'library_dirs': ['<(sharp_vendor_dir)/lib'],
+              'library_dirs': ['<(sharp_libvips_lib_dir)'],
               'libraries': [
                 'libvips.lib',
                 'libglib-2.0.lib',
@@ -141,7 +146,9 @@
           }],
           ['OS == "mac"', {
             'link_settings': {
-              'library_dirs': ['../<(sharp_vendor_dir)/lib'],
+              'library_dirs': [
+                '<(sharp_libvips_lib_dir)'
+              ],
               'libraries': [
                 'libvips-cpp.42.dylib'
               ]
@@ -149,7 +156,9 @@
             'xcode_settings': {
               'OTHER_LDFLAGS': [
                 # Ensure runtime linking is relative to sharp.node
-                '-Wl,-rpath,\'@loader_path/../../<(sharp_vendor_dir)/lib\''
+                '-Wl,-rpath,\'@loader_path/../../sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\'',
+                '-Wl,-rpath,\'@loader_path/../../node_modules/@sharpen/sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\'',
+                '-Wl,-rpath,\'@loader_path/../../../node_modules/@sharpen/sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\''
               ]
             }
           }],
@@ -158,13 +167,19 @@
               '_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1'
             ],
             'link_settings': {
-              'library_dirs': ['../<(sharp_vendor_dir)/lib'],
+              'library_dirs': [
+                '<(sharp_libvips_lib_dir)'
+              ],
               'libraries': [
                 '-l:libvips-cpp.so.42'
               ],
               'ldflags': [
                 # Ensure runtime linking is relative to sharp.node
-                '-Wl,-s -Wl,--disable-new-dtags -Wl,-rpath=\'$$ORIGIN/../../<(sharp_vendor_dir)/lib\''
+                '-Wl,-s',
+                '-Wl,--disable-new-dtags',
+                '-Wl,-rpath=\'$$ORIGIN/../../sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\'',
+                '-Wl,-rpath=\'$$ORIGIN/../../node_modules/@sharpen/sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\'',
+                '-Wl,-rpath=\'$$ORIGIN/../../../node_modules/@sharpen/sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\''
               ]
             }
           }]
@@ -179,7 +194,7 @@
     ],
     'xcode_settings': {
       'CLANG_CXX_LANGUAGE_STANDARD': 'c++11',
-      'MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET': '10.9',
+      'MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET': '10.13',
       'GCC_ENABLE_CPP_EXCEPTIONS': 'YES',
       'GCC_ENABLE_CPP_RTTI': 'YES',
       'OTHER_CPLUSPLUSFLAGS': [
@@ -230,5 +245,23 @@
         ]
       }
     },
+  }, {
+    'target_name': 'copy-dll',
+    'type': 'none',
+    'dependencies': [
+      'sharp-<(platform_and_arch)'
+    ],
+    'conditions': [
+      ['OS == "win"', {
+        'copies': [{
+          'destination': 'build/Release',
+          'files': [
+            '<(sharp_libvips_lib_dir)/libvips-42.dll',
+            '<(sharp_libvips_lib_dir)/libglib-2.0-0.dll',
+            '<(sharp_libvips_lib_dir)/libgobject-2.0-0.dll'
+          ]
+        }]
+      }]
+    ]
   }]
 }

src/common.cc

@@ -1,16 +1,5 @@
-// Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Lovell Fuller and contributors.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <string>
@@ -93,6 +82,10 @@ namespace sharp {
     if (HasAttr(input, "density")) {
       descriptor->density = AttrAsDouble(input, "density");
     }
+    // Should we ignore any embedded ICC profile
+    if (HasAttr(input, "ignoreIcc")) {
+      descriptor->ignoreIcc = AttrAsBool(input, "ignoreIcc");
+    }
     // Raw pixel input
     if (HasAttr(input, "rawChannels")) {
       descriptor->rawDepth = AttrAsEnum<VipsBandFormat>(input, "rawDepth", VIPS_TYPE_BAND_FORMAT);
@@ -159,6 +152,9 @@ namespace sharp {
       if (HasAttr(input, "textSpacing")) {
         descriptor->textSpacing = AttrAsUint32(input, "textSpacing");
       }
+      if (HasAttr(input, "textWrap")) {
+        descriptor->textWrap = AttrAsEnum<VipsTextWrap>(input, "textWrap", VIPS_TYPE_TEXT_WRAP);
+      }
     }
     // Limit input images to a given number of pixels, where pixels = width * height
     descriptor->limitInputPixels = static_cast<uint64_t>(AttrAsInt64(input, "limitInputPixels"));
@@ -170,10 +166,10 @@ namespace sharp {
   }
 
   // How many tasks are in the queue?
-  volatile int counterQueue = 0;
+  std::atomic<int> counterQueue{0};
 
   // How many tasks are being processed?
-  volatile int counterProcess = 0;
+  std::atomic<int> counterProcess{0};
 
   // Filename extension checkers
   static bool EndsWith(std::string const &str, std::string const &end) {
@@ -207,6 +203,9 @@ namespace sharp {
   bool IsAvif(std::string const &str) {
     return EndsWith(str, ".avif") || EndsWith(str, ".AVIF");
   }
+  bool IsJxl(std::string const &str) {
+    return EndsWith(str, ".jxl") || EndsWith(str, ".JXL");
+  }
   bool IsDz(std::string const &str) {
     return EndsWith(str, ".dzi") || EndsWith(str, ".DZI");
   }
@@ -217,6 +216,13 @@ namespace sharp {
     return EndsWith(str, ".v") || EndsWith(str, ".V") || EndsWith(str, ".vips") || EndsWith(str, ".VIPS");
   }
 
+  /*
+    Trim space from end of string.
+  */
+  std::string TrimEnd(std::string const &str) {
+    return str.substr(0, str.find_last_not_of(" \n\r\f") + 1);
+  }
+
   /*
     Provide a string identifier for the given image type.
   */
@@ -237,6 +243,7 @@ namespace sharp {
       case ImageType::PPM: id = "ppm"; break;
       case ImageType::FITS: id = "fits"; break;
       case ImageType::EXR: id = "exr"; break;
+      case ImageType::JXL: id = "jxl"; break;
       case ImageType::VIPS: id = "vips"; break;
       case ImageType::RAW: id = "raw"; break;
       case ImageType::UNKNOWN: id = "unknown"; break;
@@ -281,6 +288,8 @@ namespace sharp {
     { "VipsForeignLoadPpmFile", ImageType::PPM },
     { "VipsForeignLoadFitsFile", ImageType::FITS },
     { "VipsForeignLoadOpenexr", ImageType::EXR },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadJxlFile", ImageType::JXL },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadJxlBuffer", ImageType::JXL },
     { "VipsForeignLoadVips", ImageType::VIPS },
     { "VipsForeignLoadVipsFile", ImageType::VIPS },
     { "VipsForeignLoadRaw", ImageType::RAW }
@@ -354,12 +363,13 @@ namespace sharp {
     if (descriptor->isBuffer) {
       if (descriptor->rawChannels > 0) {
         // Raw, uncompressed pixel data
+        bool const is8bit = vips_band_format_is8bit(descriptor->rawDepth);
         image = VImage::new_from_memory(descriptor->buffer, descriptor->bufferLength,
           descriptor->rawWidth, descriptor->rawHeight, descriptor->rawChannels, descriptor->rawDepth);
         if (descriptor->rawChannels < 3) {
-          image.get_image()->Type = VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W;
+          image.get_image()->Type = is8bit ? VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W : VIPS_INTERPRETATION_GREY16;
         } else {
-          image.get_image()->Type = VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB;
+          image.get_image()->Type = is8bit ? VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB : VIPS_INTERPRETATION_RGB16;
         }
         if (descriptor->rawPremultiplied) {
           image = image.unpremultiply();
@@ -440,6 +450,7 @@ namespace sharp {
           ->set("justify", descriptor->textJustify)
           ->set("rgba", descriptor->textRgba)
           ->set("spacing", descriptor->textSpacing)
+          ->set("wrap", descriptor->textWrap)
           ->set("autofit_dpi", &descriptor->textAutofitDpi);
         if (descriptor->textWidth > 0) {
           textOptions->set("width", descriptor->textWidth);
@@ -598,6 +609,15 @@ namespace sharp {
     return copy;
   }
 
+  /*
+    Remove GIF palette from image.
+  */
+  VImage RemoveGifPalette(VImage image) {
+    VImage copy = image.copy();
+    copy.remove("gif-palette");
+    return copy;
+  }
+
   /*
     Does this image have a non-default density?
   */
@@ -650,6 +670,10 @@ namespace sharp {
       if (image.width() > 65535 || height > 65535) {
         throw vips::VError("Processed image is too large for the GIF format");
       }
+    } else if (imageType == ImageType::HEIF) {
+      if (image.width() > 16384 || height > 16384) {
+        throw vips::VError("Processed image is too large for the HEIF format");
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -913,7 +937,7 @@ namespace sharp {
     // Add non-transparent alpha channel, if required
     if (colour[3] < 255.0 && !HasAlpha(image)) {
       image = image.bandjoin(
-        VImage::new_matrix(image.width(), image.height()).new_from_image(255 * multiplier));
+        VImage::new_matrix(image.width(), image.height()).new_from_image(255 * multiplier).cast(image.format()));
     }
     return std::make_tuple(image, alphaColour);
   }
@@ -941,12 +965,7 @@ namespace sharp {
   }
 
   std::pair<double, double> ResolveShrink(int width, int height, int targetWidth, int targetHeight,
-    Canvas canvas, bool swap, bool withoutEnlargement, bool withoutReduction) {
-    if (swap && canvas != Canvas::IGNORE_ASPECT) {
-      // Swap input width and height when requested.
-      std::swap(width, height);
-    }
-
+    Canvas canvas, bool withoutEnlargement, bool withoutReduction) {
     double hshrink = 1.0;
     double vshrink = 1.0;
 
@@ -1012,4 +1031,13 @@ namespace sharp {
     return std::make_pair(hshrink, vshrink);
   }
 
+  /*
+    Ensure decoding remains sequential.
+  */
+  VImage StaySequential(VImage image, VipsAccess access, bool condition) {
+    if (access == VIPS_ACCESS_SEQUENTIAL && condition) {
+      return image.copy_memory();
+    }
+    return image;
+  }
 }  // namespace sharp

src/common.h

@@ -1,16 +1,5 @@
-// Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Lovell Fuller and contributors.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
 #ifndef SRC_COMMON_H_
 #define SRC_COMMON_H_
@@ -18,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <tuple>
 #include <vector>
+#include <atomic>
 
 #include <napi.h>
 #include <vips/vips8>
@@ -25,9 +15,9 @@
 // Verify platform and compiler compatibility
 
 #if (VIPS_MAJOR_VERSION < 8) || \
-  (VIPS_MAJOR_VERSION == 8 && VIPS_MINOR_VERSION < 13) || \
-  (VIPS_MAJOR_VERSION == 8 && VIPS_MINOR_VERSION == 13 && VIPS_MICRO_VERSION < 3)
-#error "libvips version 8.13.3+ is required - please see https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install"
+  (VIPS_MAJOR_VERSION == 8 && VIPS_MINOR_VERSION < 14) || \
+  (VIPS_MAJOR_VERSION == 8 && VIPS_MINOR_VERSION == 14 && VIPS_MICRO_VERSION < 5)
+#error "libvips version 8.14.5+ is required - please see https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install"
 #endif
 
 #if ((!defined(__clang__)) && defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ < 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ < 6)))
@@ -55,6 +45,7 @@ namespace sharp {
     size_t bufferLength;
     bool isBuffer;
     double density;
+    bool ignoreIcc;
     VipsBandFormat rawDepth;
     int rawChannels;
     int rawWidth;
@@ -81,6 +72,7 @@ namespace sharp {
     int textDpi;
     bool textRgba;
     int textSpacing;
+    VipsTextWrap textWrap;
     int textAutofitDpi;
 
     InputDescriptor():
@@ -92,6 +84,7 @@ namespace sharp {
       bufferLength(0),
       isBuffer(FALSE),
       density(72.0),
+      ignoreIcc(FALSE),
       rawDepth(VIPS_FORMAT_UCHAR),
       rawChannels(0),
       rawWidth(0),
@@ -114,6 +107,7 @@ namespace sharp {
       textDpi(72),
       textRgba(FALSE),
       textSpacing(0),
+      textWrap(VIPS_TEXT_WRAP_WORD),
       textAutofitDpi(0) {}
   };
 
@@ -152,6 +146,7 @@ namespace sharp {
     PPM,
     FITS,
     EXR,
+    JXL,
     VIPS,
     RAW,
     UNKNOWN,
@@ -167,10 +162,10 @@ namespace sharp {
   };
 
   // How many tasks are in the queue?
-  extern volatile int counterQueue;
+  extern std::atomic<int> counterQueue;
 
   // How many tasks are being processed?
-  extern volatile int counterProcess;
+  extern std::atomic<int> counterProcess;
 
   // Filename extension checkers
   bool IsJpeg(std::string const &str);
@@ -182,10 +177,16 @@ namespace sharp {
   bool IsHeic(std::string const &str);
   bool IsHeif(std::string const &str);
   bool IsAvif(std::string const &str);
+  bool IsJxl(std::string const &str);
   bool IsDz(std::string const &str);
   bool IsDzZip(std::string const &str);
   bool IsV(std::string const &str);
 
+  /*
+    Trim space from end of string.
+  */
+  std::string TrimEnd(std::string const &str);
+
   /*
     Provide a string identifier for the given image type.
   */
@@ -252,6 +253,11 @@ namespace sharp {
   */
   VImage RemoveAnimationProperties(VImage image);
 
+  /*
+    Remove GIF palette from image.
+  */
+  VImage RemoveGifPalette(VImage image);
+
   /*
     Does this image have a non-default density?
   */
@@ -357,13 +363,15 @@ namespace sharp {
   VImage EnsureAlpha(VImage image, double const value);
 
   /*
-    Calculate the shrink factor, taking into account auto-rotate, the canvas
-    mode, and so on. The hshrink/vshrink are the amount to shrink the input
-    image axes by in order for the output axes (ie. after rotation) to match
-    the required thumbnail width/height and canvas mode.
+    Calculate the horizontal and vertical shrink factors, taking the canvas mode into account.
   */
   std::pair<double, double> ResolveShrink(int width, int height, int targetWidth, int targetHeight,
-    Canvas canvas, bool swap, bool withoutEnlargement, bool withoutReduction);
+    Canvas canvas, bool withoutEnlargement, bool withoutReduction);
+
+  /*
+    Ensure decoding remains sequential.
+  */
+  VImage StaySequential(VImage image, VipsAccess access, bool condition = TRUE);
 
 }  // namespace sharp
 

src/libvips/cplusplus/VConnection.cpp

@@ -1,151 +0,0 @@
-/* Object part of the VSource and VTarget class
- */
-
-/*
-
-    Copyright (C) 1991-2001 The National Gallery
-
-    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
-    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
-    02110-1301  USA
-
- */
-
-/*
-
-    These files are distributed with VIPS - http://www.vips.ecs.soton.ac.uk
-
- */
-
-#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
-#include <config.h>
-#endif /*HAVE_CONFIG_H*/
-
-#include <vips/vips8>
-
-#include <vips/debug.h>
-
-/*
-#define VIPS_DEBUG
-#define VIPS_DEBUG_VERBOSE
- */
-
-VIPS_NAMESPACE_START
-
-VSource 
-VSource::new_from_descriptor( int descriptor )
-{
-	VipsSource *input;
-
-	if( !(input = vips_source_new_from_descriptor( descriptor )) )
-		throw VError();
-
-	VSource out( input ); 
-
-	return( out ); 
-}
-
-VSource 
-VSource::new_from_file( const char *filename )
-{
-	VipsSource *input;
-
-	if( !(input = vips_source_new_from_file( filename )) )
-		throw VError();
-
-	VSource out( input ); 
-
-	return( out ); 
-}
-
-VSource 
-VSource::new_from_blob( VipsBlob *blob )
-{
-	VipsSource *input;
-
-	if( !(input = vips_source_new_from_blob( blob )) )
-		throw VError();
-
-	VSource out( input ); 
-
-	return( out ); 
-}
-
-VSource 
-VSource::new_from_memory( const void *data, 
-	size_t size )
-{
-	VipsSource *input;
-
-	if( !(input = vips_source_new_from_memory( data, size )) )
-		throw VError();
-
-	VSource out( input ); 
-
-	return( out ); 
-}
-
-VSource 
-VSource::new_from_options( const char *options )
-{
-	VipsSource *input;
-
-	if( !(input = vips_source_new_from_options( options )) )
-		throw VError();
-
-	VSource out( input ); 
-
-	return( out ); 
-}
-
-VTarget 
-VTarget::new_to_descriptor( int descriptor )
-{
-	VipsTarget *output;
-
-	if( !(output = vips_target_new_to_descriptor( descriptor )) )
-		throw VError();
-
-	VTarget out( output ); 
-
-	return( out ); 
-}
-
-VTarget 
-VTarget::new_to_file( const char *filename )
-{
-	VipsTarget *output;
-
-	if( !(output = vips_target_new_to_file( filename )) )
-		throw VError();
-
-	VTarget out( output ); 
-
-	return( out ); 
-}
-
-VTarget 
-VTarget::new_to_memory()
-{
-	VipsTarget *output;
-
-	if( !(output = vips_target_new_to_memory()) )
-		throw VError();
-
-	VTarget out( output ); 
-
-	return( out ); 
-}
-
-VIPS_NAMESPACE_END

src/libvips/cplusplus/VError.cpp

@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-// Code for error type
-
-/*
-
-    Copyright (C) 1991-2001 The National Gallery
-
-    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
-    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
-    02110-1301  USA
-
- */
-
-/*
-
-    These files are distributed with VIPS - http://www.vips.ecs.soton.ac.uk
-
- */
-
-#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
-#include <config.h>
-#endif /*HAVE_CONFIG_H*/
-
-#include <vips/vips8>
-
-VIPS_NAMESPACE_START
-
-std::ostream &operator<<( std::ostream &file, const VError &err )
-{
-	err.ostream_print( file );
-	return( file );
-}
-
-void VError::ostream_print( std::ostream &file ) const
-{
-	file << _what;
-}
-
-VIPS_NAMESPACE_END

src/libvips/cplusplus/VInterpolate.cpp

@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-/* Object part of VInterpolate class
- */
-
-/*
-
-    Copyright (C) 1991-2001 The National Gallery
-
-    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
-    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
-    02110-1301  USA
-
- */
-
-/*
-
-    These files are distributed with VIPS - http://www.vips.ecs.soton.ac.uk
-
- */
-
-#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
-#include <config.h>
-#endif /*HAVE_CONFIG_H*/
-
-#include <vips/vips8>
-
-#include <vips/debug.h>
-
-/*
-#define VIPS_DEBUG
-#define VIPS_DEBUG_VERBOSE
- */
-
-VIPS_NAMESPACE_START
-
-VInterpolate 
-VInterpolate::new_from_name( const char *name, VOption *options )
-{
-	VipsInterpolate *interp;
-
-	if( !(interp = vips_interpolate_new( name )) ) {
-		delete options; 
-		throw VError(); 
-	}
-	delete options; 
-
-	VInterpolate out( interp ); 
-
-	return( out ); 
-}
-
-VIPS_NAMESPACE_END

src/libvips/cplusplus/VRegion.cpp

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-// Object part of VRegion class
-
-#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
-#include <config.h>
-#endif /*HAVE_CONFIG_H*/
-
-#include <vips/vips8>
-
-#include <vips/debug.h>
-
-VIPS_NAMESPACE_START
-
-VRegion
-VRegion::new_from_image( VImage image )
-{
-	VipsRegion *region;
-
-	if( !(region = vips_region_new( image.get_image() )) ) {
-		throw VError();
-	}
-
-	VRegion out( region );
-
-	return( out );
-}
-
-VIPS_NAMESPACE_END

src/metadata.cc

@@ -1,16 +1,5 @@
-// Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Lovell Fuller and contributors.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
 #include <numeric>
 #include <vector>
@@ -29,7 +18,7 @@ class MetadataWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
 
   void Execute() {
     // Decrement queued task counter
-    g_atomic_int_dec_and_test(&sharp::counterQueue);
+    sharp::counterQueue--;
 
     vips::VImage image;
     sharp::ImageType imageType = sharp::ImageType::UNKNOWN;
@@ -80,6 +69,9 @@ class MetadataWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
       if (image.get_typeof(VIPS_META_RESOLUTION_UNIT) == VIPS_TYPE_REF_STRING) {
         baton->resolutionUnit = image.get_string(VIPS_META_RESOLUTION_UNIT);
       }
+      if (image.get_typeof("magick-format") == VIPS_TYPE_REF_STRING) {
+        baton->formatMagick = image.get_string("magick-format");
+      }
       if (image.get_typeof("openslide.level-count") == VIPS_TYPE_REF_STRING) {
         int const levels = std::stoi(image.get_string("openslide.level-count"));
         for (int l = 0; l < levels; l++) {
@@ -153,7 +145,7 @@ class MetadataWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
     // Handle warnings
     std::string warning = sharp::VipsWarningPop();
     while (!warning.empty()) {
-      debuglog.Call({ Napi::String::New(env, warning) });
+      debuglog.MakeCallback(Receiver().Value(), { Napi::String::New(env, warning) });
       warning = sharp::VipsWarningPop();
     }
 
@@ -204,6 +196,9 @@ class MetadataWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
       if (!baton->resolutionUnit.empty()) {
         info.Set("resolutionUnit", baton->resolutionUnit == "in" ? "inch" : baton->resolutionUnit);
       }
+      if (!baton->formatMagick.empty()) {
+        info.Set("formatMagick", baton->formatMagick);
+      }
       if (!baton->levels.empty()) {
         int i = 0;
         Napi::Array levels = Napi::Array::New(env, static_cast<size_t>(baton->levels.size()));
@@ -235,24 +230,25 @@ class MetadataWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
         info.Set("orientation", baton->orientation);
       }
       if (baton->exifLength > 0) {
-        info.Set("exif", Napi::Buffer<char>::New(env, baton->exif, baton->exifLength, sharp::FreeCallback));
+        info.Set("exif", Napi::Buffer<char>::NewOrCopy(env, baton->exif, baton->exifLength, sharp::FreeCallback));
       }
       if (baton->iccLength > 0) {
-        info.Set("icc", Napi::Buffer<char>::New(env, baton->icc, baton->iccLength, sharp::FreeCallback));
+        info.Set("icc", Napi::Buffer<char>::NewOrCopy(env, baton->icc, baton->iccLength, sharp::FreeCallback));
       }
       if (baton->iptcLength > 0) {
-        info.Set("iptc", Napi::Buffer<char>::New(env, baton->iptc, baton->iptcLength, sharp::FreeCallback));
+        info.Set("iptc", Napi::Buffer<char>::NewOrCopy(env, baton->iptc, baton->iptcLength, sharp::FreeCallback));
       }
       if (baton->xmpLength > 0) {
-        info.Set("xmp", Napi::Buffer<char>::New(env, baton->xmp, baton->xmpLength, sharp::FreeCallback));
+        info.Set("xmp", Napi::Buffer<char>::NewOrCopy(env, baton->xmp, baton->xmpLength, sharp::FreeCallback));
       }
       if (baton->tifftagPhotoshopLength > 0) {
         info.Set("tifftagPhotoshop",
-          Napi::Buffer<char>::New(env, baton->tifftagPhotoshop, baton->tifftagPhotoshopLength, sharp::FreeCallback));
+          Napi::Buffer<char>::NewOrCopy(env, baton->tifftagPhotoshop,
+            baton->tifftagPhotoshopLength, sharp::FreeCallback));
       }
       Callback().MakeCallback(Receiver().Value(), { env.Null(), info });
     } else {
-      Callback().MakeCallback(Receiver().Value(), { Napi::Error::New(env, baton->err).Value() });
+      Callback().MakeCallback(Receiver().Value(), { Napi::Error::New(env, sharp::TrimEnd(baton->err)).Value() });
     }
 
     delete baton->input;
@@ -270,7 +266,7 @@ class MetadataWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
 Napi::Value metadata(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   // V8 objects are converted to non-V8 types held in the baton struct
   MetadataBaton *baton = new MetadataBaton;
-  Napi::Object options = info[0].As<Napi::Object>();
+  Napi::Object options = info[size_t(0)].As<Napi::Object>();
 
   // Input
   baton->input = sharp::CreateInputDescriptor(options.Get("input").As<Napi::Object>());
@@ -279,13 +275,13 @@ Napi::Value metadata(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   Napi::Function debuglog = options.Get("debuglog").As<Napi::Function>();
 
   // Join queue for worker thread
-  Napi::Function callback = info[1].As<Napi::Function>();
+  Napi::Function callback = info[size_t(1)].As<Napi::Function>();
   MetadataWorker *worker = new MetadataWorker(callback, baton, debuglog);
   worker->Receiver().Set("options", options);
   worker->Queue();
 
   // Increment queued task counter
-  g_atomic_int_inc(&sharp::counterQueue);
+  sharp::counterQueue++;
 
   return info.Env().Undefined();
 }

src/metadata.h

@@ -1,16 +1,5 @@
-// Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Lovell Fuller and contributors.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
 #ifndef SRC_METADATA_H_
 #define SRC_METADATA_H_
@@ -41,6 +30,7 @@ struct MetadataBaton {
   int pagePrimary;
   std::string compression;
   std::string resolutionUnit;
+  std::string formatMagick;
   std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> levels;
   int subifds;
   std::vector<double> background;

src/operations.cc

@@ -1,23 +1,11 @@
-// Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Lovell Fuller and contributors.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
 #include <tuple>
 #include <vector>
-
 #include <vips/vips8>
 
 #include "common.h"
@@ -57,7 +45,7 @@ namespace sharp {
   /*
    * Stretch luminance to cover full dynamic range.
    */
-  VImage Normalise(VImage image) {
+  VImage Normalise(VImage image, int const lower, int const upper) {
     // Get original colourspace
     VipsInterpretation typeBeforeNormalize = image.interpretation();
     if (typeBeforeNormalize == VIPS_INTERPRETATION_RGB) {
@@ -67,9 +55,11 @@ namespace sharp {
     VImage lab = image.colourspace(VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LAB);
     // Extract luminance
     VImage luminance = lab[0];
+
     // Find luminance range
-    int const min = luminance.percent(1);
-    int const max = luminance.percent(99);
+    int const min = lower == 0 ? luminance.min() : luminance.percent(lower);
+    int const max = upper == 100 ? luminance.max() : luminance.percent(upper);
+
     if (std::abs(max - min) > 1) {
       // Extract chroma
       VImage chroma = lab.extract_band(1, VImage::option()->set("n", 2));
@@ -196,6 +186,7 @@ namespace sharp {
 
   VImage Modulate(VImage image, double const brightness, double const saturation,
                   int const hue, double const lightness) {
+    VipsInterpretation colourspaceBeforeModulate = image.interpretation();
     if (HasAlpha(image)) {
       // Separate alpha channel
       VImage alpha = image[image.bands() - 1];
@@ -205,7 +196,7 @@ namespace sharp {
           { brightness, saturation, 1},
           { lightness, 0.0, static_cast<double>(hue) }
         )
-        .colourspace(VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB)
+        .colourspace(colourspaceBeforeModulate)
         .bandjoin(alpha);
     } else {
       return image
@@ -214,7 +205,7 @@ namespace sharp {
           { brightness, saturation, 1 },
           { lightness, 0.0, static_cast<double>(hue) }
         )
-        .colourspace(VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB);
+        .colourspace(colourspaceBeforeModulate);
     }
   }
 
@@ -278,30 +269,20 @@ namespace sharp {
     if (image.width() < 3 && image.height() < 3) {
       throw VError("Image to trim must be at least 3x3 pixels");
     }
-
-    // Scale up 8-bit values to match 16-bit input image
-    double multiplier = sharp::Is16Bit(image.interpretation()) ? 256.0 : 1.0;
-    threshold *= multiplier;
-
-    std::vector<double> backgroundAlpha(1);
     if (background.size() == 0) {
       // Top-left pixel provides the default background colour if none is given
       background = image.extract_area(0, 0, 1, 1)(0, 0);
-      multiplier = 1.0;
+    } else if (sharp::Is16Bit(image.interpretation())) {
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < background.size(); i++) {
+        background[i] *= 256.0;
+      }
+      threshold *= 256.0;
     }
-    if (HasAlpha(image) && background.size() == 4) {
-      // Just discard the alpha because flattening the background colour with
-      // itself (effectively what find_trim() does) gives the same result
-      backgroundAlpha[0] = background[3] * multiplier;
-    }
-    if (image.bands() > 2) {
-      background = {
-        background[0] * multiplier,
-        background[1] * multiplier,
-        background[2] * multiplier
-      };
+    std::vector<double> backgroundAlpha({ background.back() });
+    if (HasAlpha(image)) {
+      background.pop_back();
     } else {
-      background[0] = background[0] * multiplier;
+      background.resize(image.bands());
     }
     int left, top, width, height;
     left = image.find_trim(&top, &width, &height, VImage::option()
@@ -342,12 +323,26 @@ namespace sharp {
     if (a.size() > bands) {
       throw VError("Band expansion using linear is unsupported");
     }
+    bool const uchar = !Is16Bit(image.interpretation());
     if (HasAlpha(image) && a.size() != bands && (a.size() == 1 || a.size() == bands - 1 || bands - 1 == 1)) {
       // Separate alpha channel
       VImage alpha = image[bands - 1];
-      return RemoveAlpha(image).linear(a, b).bandjoin(alpha);
+      return RemoveAlpha(image).linear(a, b, VImage::option()->set("uchar", uchar)).bandjoin(alpha);
     } else {
-      return image.linear(a, b);
+      return image.linear(a, b, VImage::option()->set("uchar", uchar));
+    }
+  }
+
+  /*
+   * Unflatten
+   */
+  VImage Unflatten(VImage image) {
+    if (HasAlpha(image)) {
+      VImage alpha = image[image.bands() - 1];
+      VImage noAlpha = RemoveAlpha(image);
+      return noAlpha.bandjoin(alpha & (noAlpha.colourspace(VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W) < 255));
+    } else {
+      return image.bandjoin(image.colourspace(VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W) < 255);
     }
   }
 
@@ -395,11 +390,11 @@ namespace sharp {
    * Split into frames, embed each frame, reassemble, and update pageHeight.
    */
   VImage EmbedMultiPage(VImage image, int left, int top, int width, int height,
-                        std::vector<double> background, int nPages, int *pageHeight) {
+                        VipsExtend extendWith, std::vector<double> background, int nPages, int *pageHeight) {
     if (top == 0 && height == *pageHeight) {
       // Fast path; no need to adjust the height of the multi-page image
       return image.embed(left, 0, width, image.height(), VImage::option()
-        ->set("extend", VIPS_EXTEND_BACKGROUND)
+        ->set("extend", extendWith)
         ->set("background", background));
     } else if (left == 0 && width == image.width()) {
       // Fast path; no need to adjust the width of the multi-page image
@@ -411,7 +406,7 @@ namespace sharp {
 
       // Do the embed on the wide image
       image = image.embed(0, top, image.width(), height, VImage::option()
-        ->set("extend", VIPS_EXTEND_BACKGROUND)
+        ->set("extend", extendWith)
         ->set("background", background));
 
       // Split the wide image into frames
@@ -441,7 +436,7 @@ namespace sharp {
       // Embed each frame in the target size
       for (int i = 0; i < nPages; i++) {
         pages[i] = pages[i].embed(left, top, width, height, VImage::option()
-          ->set("extend", VIPS_EXTEND_BACKGROUND)
+          ->set("extend", extendWith)
           ->set("background", background));
       }
 

src/operations.h

@@ -1,16 +1,5 @@
-// Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Lovell Fuller and contributors.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
 #ifndef SRC_OPERATIONS_H_
 #define SRC_OPERATIONS_H_
@@ -33,7 +22,7 @@ namespace sharp {
   /*
    * Stretch luminance to cover full dynamic range.
    */
-  VImage Normalise(VImage image);
+  VImage Normalise(VImage image, int const lower, int const upper);
 
   /*
    * Contrast limiting adapative histogram equalization (CLAHE)
@@ -97,6 +86,11 @@ namespace sharp {
    */
   VImage Linear(VImage image, std::vector<double> const a,  std::vector<double> const b);
 
+  /*
+   * Unflatten
+   */
+  VImage Unflatten(VImage image);
+
   /*
    * Recomb with a Matrix of the given bands/channel size.
    * Eg. RGB will be a 3x3 matrix.
@@ -124,7 +118,7 @@ namespace sharp {
    * Split into frames, embed each frame, reassemble, and update pageHeight.
    */
   VImage EmbedMultiPage(VImage image, int left, int top, int width, int height,
-                        std::vector<double> background, int nPages, int *pageHeight);
+                        VipsExtend extendWith, std::vector<double> background, int nPages, int *pageHeight);
 
 }  // namespace sharp
 

src/pipeline.cc

@@ -1,16 +1,5 @@
-// Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Lovell Fuller and contributors.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cmath>
@@ -31,18 +20,15 @@
 #include "operations.h"
 #include "pipeline.h"
 
-#if defined(WIN32)
+#ifdef _WIN32
 #define STAT64_STRUCT __stat64
 #define STAT64_FUNCTION _stat64
-#elif defined(__APPLE__)
-#define STAT64_STRUCT stat
-#define STAT64_FUNCTION stat
-#elif defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__NetBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__)
-#define STAT64_STRUCT stat
-#define STAT64_FUNCTION stat
-#else
+#elif defined(_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE)
 #define STAT64_STRUCT stat64
 #define STAT64_FUNCTION stat64
+#else
+#define STAT64_STRUCT stat
+#define STAT64_FUNCTION stat
 #endif
 
 class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
@@ -58,15 +44,16 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
   // libuv worker
   void Execute() {
     // Decrement queued task counter
-    g_atomic_int_dec_and_test(&sharp::counterQueue);
+    sharp::counterQueue--;
     // Increment processing task counter
-    g_atomic_int_inc(&sharp::counterProcess);
+    sharp::counterProcess++;
 
     try {
       // Open input
       vips::VImage image;
       sharp::ImageType inputImageType;
       std::tie(image, inputImageType) = sharp::OpenInput(baton->input);
+      VipsAccess access = baton->input->access;
       image = sharp::EnsureColourspace(image, baton->colourspaceInput);
 
       int nPages = baton->input->pages;
@@ -85,6 +72,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
       VipsAngle autoRotation = VIPS_ANGLE_D0;
       bool autoFlip = FALSE;
       bool autoFlop = FALSE;
+
       if (baton->useExifOrientation) {
         // Rotate and flip image according to Exif orientation
         std::tie(autoRotation, autoFlip, autoFlop) = CalculateExifRotationAndFlip(sharp::ExifOrientation(image));
@@ -100,6 +88,13 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
           baton->rotationAngle != 0.0);
 
       if (shouldRotateBefore) {
+        image = sharp::StaySequential(image, access,
+          rotation != VIPS_ANGLE_D0 ||
+          autoRotation != VIPS_ANGLE_D0 ||
+          autoFlip ||
+          baton->flip ||
+          baton->rotationAngle != 0.0);
+
         if (autoRotation != VIPS_ANGLE_D0) {
           image = image.rot(autoRotation);
           autoRotation = VIPS_ANGLE_D0;
@@ -126,13 +121,14 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
           MultiPageUnsupported(nPages, "Rotate");
           std::vector<double> background;
           std::tie(image, background) = sharp::ApplyAlpha(image, baton->rotationBackground, FALSE);
-          image = image.rotate(baton->rotationAngle, VImage::option()->set("background", background));
+          image = image.rotate(baton->rotationAngle, VImage::option()->set("background", background)).copy_memory();
         }
       }
 
       // Trim
       if (baton->trimThreshold > 0.0) {
         MultiPageUnsupported(nPages, "Trim");
+        image = sharp::StaySequential(image, access);
         image = sharp::Trim(image, baton->trimBackground, baton->trimThreshold);
         baton->trimOffsetLeft = image.xoffset();
         baton->trimOffsetTop = image.yoffset();
@@ -161,15 +157,18 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
       int targetResizeWidth = baton->width;
       int targetResizeHeight = baton->height;
 
-      // Swap input output width and height when rotating by 90 or 270 degrees
-      bool swap = !baton->rotateBeforePreExtract &&
-        (rotation == VIPS_ANGLE_D90 || rotation == VIPS_ANGLE_D270 ||
-          autoRotation == VIPS_ANGLE_D90 || autoRotation == VIPS_ANGLE_D270);
+      // When auto-rotating by 90 or 270 degrees, swap the target width and
+      // height to ensure the behavior aligns with how it would have been if
+      // the rotation had taken place *before* resizing.
+      if (!baton->rotateBeforePreExtract &&
+        (autoRotation == VIPS_ANGLE_D90 || autoRotation == VIPS_ANGLE_D270)) {
+        std::swap(targetResizeWidth, targetResizeHeight);
+      }
 
       // Shrink to pageHeight, so we work for multi-page images
       std::tie(hshrink, vshrink) = sharp::ResolveShrink(
         inputWidth, pageHeight, targetResizeWidth, targetResizeHeight,
-        baton->canvas, swap, baton->withoutEnlargement, baton->withoutReduction);
+        baton->canvas, baton->withoutEnlargement, baton->withoutReduction);
 
       // The jpeg preload shrink.
       int jpegShrinkOnLoad = 1;
@@ -205,7 +204,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
           if (jpegShrinkOnLoad > 1 && static_cast<int>(shrink) == jpegShrinkOnLoad) {
             jpegShrinkOnLoad /= 2;
           }
-        } else if (inputImageType == sharp::ImageType::WEBP && shrink > 1.0) {
+        } else if (inputImageType == sharp::ImageType::WEBP && baton->fastShrinkOnLoad && shrink > 1.0) {
           // Avoid upscaling via webp
           scale = 1.0 / shrink;
         } else if (inputImageType == sharp::ImageType::SVG ||
@@ -219,7 +218,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
       // pdfload* and svgload*
       if (jpegShrinkOnLoad > 1) {
         vips::VOption *option = VImage::option()
-          ->set("access", baton->input->access)
+          ->set("access", access)
           ->set("shrink", jpegShrinkOnLoad)
           ->set("unlimited", baton->input->unlimited)
           ->set("fail_on", baton->input->failOn);
@@ -234,7 +233,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
         }
       } else if (scale != 1.0) {
         vips::VOption *option = VImage::option()
-          ->set("access", baton->input->access)
+          ->set("access", access)
           ->set("scale", scale)
           ->set("fail_on", baton->input->failOn);
         if (inputImageType == sharp::ImageType::WEBP) {
@@ -303,7 +302,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
       // Shrink to pageHeight, so we work for multi-page images
       std::tie(hshrink, vshrink) = sharp::ResolveShrink(
         inputWidth, pageHeight, targetResizeWidth, targetResizeHeight,
-        baton->canvas, swap, baton->withoutEnlargement, baton->withoutReduction);
+        baton->canvas, baton->withoutEnlargement, baton->withoutReduction);
 
       int targetHeight = static_cast<int>(std::rint(static_cast<double>(pageHeight) / vshrink));
       int targetPageHeight = targetHeight;
@@ -320,18 +319,22 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
       if (
         sharp::HasProfile(image) &&
         image.interpretation() != VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LABS &&
-        image.interpretation() != VIPS_INTERPRETATION_GREY16
+        image.interpretation() != VIPS_INTERPRETATION_GREY16 &&
+        !baton->input->ignoreIcc
       ) {
         // Convert to sRGB/P3 using embedded profile
         try {
           image = image.icc_transform(processingProfile, VImage::option()
             ->set("embedded", TRUE)
-            ->set("depth", image.interpretation() == VIPS_INTERPRETATION_RGB16 ? 16 : 8)
+            ->set("depth", sharp::Is16Bit(image.interpretation()) ? 16 : 8)
             ->set("intent", VIPS_INTENT_PERCEPTUAL));
         } catch(...) {
-          // Ignore failure of embedded profile
+          sharp::VipsWarningCallback(nullptr, G_LOG_LEVEL_WARNING, "Invalid embedded profile", nullptr);
         }
-      } else if (image.interpretation() == VIPS_INTERPRETATION_CMYK) {
+      } else if (
+        image.interpretation() == VIPS_INTERPRETATION_CMYK &&
+        baton->colourspaceInput != VIPS_INTERPRETATION_CMYK
+      ) {
         image = image.icc_transform(processingProfile, VImage::option()
           ->set("input_profile", "cmyk")
           ->set("intent", VIPS_INTENT_PERCEPTUAL));
@@ -367,11 +370,12 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
         image = sharp::EnsureAlpha(image, 1);
       }
 
+      VipsBandFormat premultiplyFormat = image.format();
       bool const shouldPremultiplyAlpha = sharp::HasAlpha(image) &&
         (shouldResize || shouldBlur || shouldConv || shouldSharpen);
 
       if (shouldPremultiplyAlpha) {
-        image = image.premultiply();
+        image = image.premultiply().cast(premultiplyFormat);
       }
 
       // Resize
@@ -381,15 +385,20 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
           ->set("kernel", baton->kernel));
       }
 
+      image = sharp::StaySequential(image, access,
+        autoRotation != VIPS_ANGLE_D0 ||
+        baton->flip ||
+        autoFlip ||
+        rotation != VIPS_ANGLE_D0);
       // Auto-rotate post-extract
       if (autoRotation != VIPS_ANGLE_D0) {
         image = image.rot(autoRotation);
       }
-      // Flip (mirror about Y axis)
+      // Mirror vertically (up-down) about the x-axis
       if (baton->flip || autoFlip) {
         image = image.flip(VIPS_DIRECTION_VERTICAL);
       }
-      // Flop (mirror about X axis)
+      // Mirror horizontally (left-right) about the y-axis
       if (baton->flop || autoFlop) {
         image = image.flip(VIPS_DIRECTION_HORIZONTAL);
       }
@@ -399,16 +408,18 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
       }
 
       // Join additional color channels to the image
-      if (baton->joinChannelIn.size() > 0) {
+      if (!baton->joinChannelIn.empty()) {
         VImage joinImage;
         sharp::ImageType joinImageType = sharp::ImageType::UNKNOWN;
 
         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < baton->joinChannelIn.size(); i++) {
+          baton->joinChannelIn[i]->access = access;
           std::tie(joinImage, joinImageType) = sharp::OpenInput(baton->joinChannelIn[i]);
           joinImage = sharp::EnsureColourspace(joinImage, baton->colourspaceInput);
           image = image.bandjoin(joinImage);
         }
         image = image.copy(VImage::option()->set("interpretation", baton->colourspace));
+        image = sharp::RemoveGifPalette(image);
       }
 
       inputWidth = image.width();
@@ -438,7 +449,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
 
           image = nPages > 1
             ? sharp::EmbedMultiPage(image,
-                left, top, width, height, background, nPages, &targetPageHeight)
+                left, top, width, height, VIPS_EXTEND_BACKGROUND, background, nPages, &targetPageHeight)
             : image.embed(left, top, width, height, VImage::option()
               ->set("extend", VIPS_EXTEND_BACKGROUND)
               ->set("background", background));
@@ -455,6 +466,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
             // Gravity-based crop
             int left;
             int top;
+
             std::tie(left, top) = sharp::CalculateCrop(
               inputWidth, inputHeight, baton->width, baton->height, baton->position);
             int width = std::min(inputWidth, baton->width);
@@ -465,16 +477,25 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
                   left, top, width, height, nPages, &targetPageHeight)
               : image.extract_area(left, top, width, height);
           } else {
+            int attention_x;
+            int attention_y;
+
             // Attention-based or Entropy-based crop
             MultiPageUnsupported(nPages, "Resize strategy");
-            image = image.tilecache(VImage::option()
-              ->set("access", VIPS_ACCESS_RANDOM)
-              ->set("threaded", TRUE));
+            image = sharp::StaySequential(image, access);
             image = image.smartcrop(baton->width, baton->height, VImage::option()
-              ->set("interesting", baton->position == 16 ? VIPS_INTERESTING_ENTROPY : VIPS_INTERESTING_ATTENTION));
+              ->set("interesting", baton->position == 16 ? VIPS_INTERESTING_ENTROPY : VIPS_INTERESTING_ATTENTION)
+#if (VIPS_MAJOR_VERSION >= 8 && VIPS_MINOR_VERSION >= 15)
+              ->set("premultiplied", shouldPremultiplyAlpha)
+#endif
+              ->set("attention_x", &attention_x)
+              ->set("attention_y", &attention_y));
             baton->hasCropOffset = true;
             baton->cropOffsetLeft = static_cast<int>(image.xoffset());
             baton->cropOffsetTop = static_cast<int>(image.yoffset());
+            baton->hasAttentionCenter = true;
+            baton->attentionX = static_cast<int>(attention_x * jpegShrinkOnLoad / scale);
+            baton->attentionY = static_cast<int>(attention_y * jpegShrinkOnLoad / scale);
           }
         }
       }
@@ -482,6 +503,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
       // Rotate post-extract non-90 angle
       if (!baton->rotateBeforePreExtract && baton->rotationAngle != 0.0) {
         MultiPageUnsupported(nPages, "Rotate");
+        image = sharp::StaySequential(image, access);
         std::vector<double> background;
         std::tie(image, background) = sharp::ApplyAlpha(image, baton->rotationBackground, shouldPremultiplyAlpha);
         image = image.rotate(baton->rotationAngle, VImage::option()->set("background", background));
@@ -503,8 +525,9 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
       }
 
       // Affine transform
-      if (baton->affineMatrix.size() > 0) {
+      if (!baton->affineMatrix.empty()) {
         MultiPageUnsupported(nPages, "Affine");
+        image = sharp::StaySequential(image, access);
         std::vector<double> background;
         std::tie(image, background) = sharp::ApplyAlpha(image, baton->affineBackground, shouldPremultiplyAlpha);
         vips::VInterpolate interp = vips::VInterpolate::new_from_name(
@@ -519,24 +542,37 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
 
       // Extend edges
       if (baton->extendTop > 0 || baton->extendBottom > 0 || baton->extendLeft > 0 || baton->extendRight > 0) {
-        std::vector<double> background;
-        std::tie(image, background) = sharp::ApplyAlpha(image, baton->extendBackground, shouldPremultiplyAlpha);
-
         // Embed
         baton->width = image.width() + baton->extendLeft + baton->extendRight;
         baton->height = (nPages > 1 ? targetPageHeight : image.height()) + baton->extendTop + baton->extendBottom;
 
-        image = nPages > 1
-          ? sharp::EmbedMultiPage(image,
-              baton->extendLeft, baton->extendTop, baton->width, baton->height, background, nPages, &targetPageHeight)
-          : image.embed(baton->extendLeft, baton->extendTop, baton->width, baton->height,
-              VImage::option()->set("extend", VIPS_EXTEND_BACKGROUND)->set("background", background));
+        if (baton->extendWith == VIPS_EXTEND_BACKGROUND) {
+          std::vector<double> background;
+          std::tie(image, background) = sharp::ApplyAlpha(image, baton->extendBackground, shouldPremultiplyAlpha);
+
+          image = nPages > 1
+            ? sharp::EmbedMultiPage(image,
+                baton->extendLeft, baton->extendTop, baton->width, baton->height,
+                baton->extendWith, background, nPages, &targetPageHeight)
+            : image.embed(baton->extendLeft, baton->extendTop, baton->width, baton->height,
+                VImage::option()->set("extend", baton->extendWith)->set("background", background));
+        } else {
+          std::vector<double> ignoredBackground(1);
+          image = nPages > 1
+            ? sharp::EmbedMultiPage(image,
+                baton->extendLeft, baton->extendTop, baton->width, baton->height,
+                baton->extendWith, ignoredBackground, nPages, &targetPageHeight)
+            : image.embed(baton->extendLeft, baton->extendTop, baton->width, baton->height,
+                VImage::option()->set("extend", baton->extendWith));
+        }
       }
       // Median - must happen before blurring, due to the utility of blurring after thresholding
       if (baton->medianSize > 0) {
         image = image.median(baton->medianSize);
       }
+
       // Threshold - must happen before blurring, due to the utility of blurring after thresholding
+      // Threshold - must happen before unflatten to enable non-white unflattening
       if (baton->threshold != 0) {
         image = sharp::Threshold(image, baton->threshold, baton->thresholdGrayscale);
       }
@@ -546,6 +582,11 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
         image = sharp::Blur(image, baton->blurSigma);
       }
 
+      // Unflatten the image
+      if (baton->unflatten) {
+        image = sharp::Unflatten(image);
+      }
+
       // Convolve
       if (shouldConv) {
         image = sharp::Convolve(image,
@@ -572,13 +613,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
 
       // Reverse premultiplication after all transformations
       if (shouldPremultiplyAlpha) {
-        image = image.unpremultiply();
-        // Cast pixel values to integer
-        if (sharp::Is16Bit(image.interpretation())) {
-          image = image.cast(VIPS_FORMAT_USHORT);
-        } else {
-          image = image.cast(VIPS_FORMAT_UCHAR);
-        }
+        image = image.unpremultiply().cast(premultiplyFormat);
       }
       baton->premultiplied = shouldPremultiplyAlpha;
 
@@ -589,6 +624,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
         for (Composite *composite : baton->composite) {
           VImage compositeImage;
           sharp::ImageType compositeImageType = sharp::ImageType::UNKNOWN;
+          composite->input->access = access;
           std::tie(compositeImage, compositeImageType) = sharp::OpenInput(composite->input);
           compositeImage = sharp::EnsureColourspace(compositeImage, baton->colourspaceInput);
           // Verify within current dimensions
@@ -617,7 +653,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
             if (across != 0 || down != 0) {
               int left;
               int top;
-              compositeImage = compositeImage.replicate(across, down);
+              compositeImage = sharp::StaySequential(compositeImage, access).replicate(across, down);
               if (composite->hasOffset) {
                 std::tie(left, top) = sharp::CalculateCrop(
                   compositeImage.width(), compositeImage.height(), image.width(), image.height(),
@@ -660,6 +696,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
           ys.push_back(top);
         }
         image = VImage::composite(images, modes, VImage::option()->set("x", xs)->set("y", ys));
+        image = sharp::RemoveGifPalette(image);
       }
 
       // Gamma decoding (brighten)
@@ -674,11 +711,13 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
 
       // Apply normalisation - stretch luminance to cover full dynamic range
       if (baton->normalise) {
-        image = sharp::Normalise(image);
+        image = sharp::StaySequential(image, access);
+        image = sharp::Normalise(image, baton->normaliseLower, baton->normaliseUpper);
       }
 
       // Apply contrast limiting adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE)
       if (baton->claheWidth != 0 && baton->claheHeight != 0) {
+        image = sharp::StaySequential(image, access);
         image = sharp::Clahe(image, baton->claheWidth, baton->claheHeight, baton->claheMaxSlope);
       }
 
@@ -686,9 +725,11 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
       if (baton->boolean != nullptr) {
         VImage booleanImage;
         sharp::ImageType booleanImageType = sharp::ImageType::UNKNOWN;
+        baton->boolean->access = access;
         std::tie(booleanImage, booleanImageType) = sharp::OpenInput(baton->boolean);
         booleanImage = sharp::EnsureColourspace(booleanImage, baton->colourspaceInput);
         image = sharp::Boolean(image, booleanImage, baton->booleanOp);
+        image = sharp::RemoveGifPalette(image);
       }
 
       // Apply per-channel Bandbool bitwise operations after all other operations
@@ -701,24 +742,6 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
         image = sharp::Tint(image, baton->tintA, baton->tintB);
       }
 
-      // Extract an image channel (aka vips band)
-      if (baton->extractChannel > -1) {
-        if (baton->extractChannel >= image.bands()) {
-          if (baton->extractChannel == 3 && sharp::HasAlpha(image)) {
-            baton->extractChannel = image.bands() - 1;
-          } else {
-            (baton->err).append("Cannot extract channel from image. Too few channels in image.");
-            return Error();
-          }
-        }
-        VipsInterpretation const interpretation = sharp::Is16Bit(image.interpretation())
-          ? VIPS_INTERPRETATION_GREY16
-          : VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W;
-        image = image
-          .extract_band(baton->extractChannel)
-          .copy(VImage::option()->set("interpretation", interpretation));
-      }
-
       // Remove alpha channel, if any
       if (baton->removeAlpha) {
         image = sharp::RemoveAlpha(image);
@@ -740,17 +763,39 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
         if (baton->withMetadata && sharp::HasProfile(image) && baton->withMetadataIcc.empty()) {
           image = image.icc_transform("srgb", VImage::option()
             ->set("embedded", TRUE)
+            ->set("depth", sharp::Is16Bit(image.interpretation()) ? 16 : 8)
             ->set("intent", VIPS_INTENT_PERCEPTUAL));
         }
       }
 
+      // Extract channel
+      if (baton->extractChannel > -1) {
+        if (baton->extractChannel >= image.bands()) {
+          if (baton->extractChannel == 3 && sharp::HasAlpha(image)) {
+            baton->extractChannel = image.bands() - 1;
+          } else {
+            (baton->err)
+              .append("Cannot extract channel ").append(std::to_string(baton->extractChannel))
+              .append(" from image with channels 0-").append(std::to_string(image.bands() - 1));
+            return Error();
+          }
+        }
+        VipsInterpretation colourspace = sharp::Is16Bit(image.interpretation())
+          ? VIPS_INTERPRETATION_GREY16
+          : VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W;
+        image = image
+          .extract_band(baton->extractChannel)
+          .copy(VImage::option()->set("interpretation", colourspace));
+      }
+
       // Apply output ICC profile
-      if (!baton->withMetadataIcc.empty()) {
+      if (baton->withMetadata) {
         image = image.icc_transform(
-          const_cast<char*>(baton->withMetadataIcc.data()),
+          baton->withMetadataIcc.empty() ? "srgb" : const_cast<char*>(baton->withMetadataIcc.data()),
           VImage::option()
             ->set("input_profile", processingProfile)
             ->set("embedded", TRUE)
+            ->set("depth", sharp::Is16Bit(image.interpretation()) ? 16 : 8)
             ->set("intent", VIPS_INTENT_PERCEPTUAL));
       }
       // Override EXIF Orientation tag
@@ -851,6 +896,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
             ->set("lossless", baton->webpLossless)
             ->set("near_lossless", baton->webpNearLossless)
             ->set("smart_subsample", baton->webpSmartSubsample)
+            ->set("preset", baton->webpPreset)
             ->set("effort", baton->webpEffort)
             ->set("min_size", baton->webpMinSize)
             ->set("mixed", baton->webpMixed)
@@ -868,7 +914,10 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
             ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
             ->set("bitdepth", baton->gifBitdepth)
             ->set("effort", baton->gifEffort)
-            ->set("reoptimise", baton->gifReoptimise)
+            ->set("reuse", baton->gifReuse)
+            ->set("interlace", baton->gifProgressive)
+            ->set("interframe_maxerror", baton->gifInterFrameMaxError)
+            ->set("interpalette_maxerror", baton->gifInterPaletteMaxError)
             ->set("dither", baton->gifDither)));
           baton->bufferOut = static_cast<char*>(area->data);
           baton->bufferOutLength = area->length;
@@ -907,6 +956,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
         } else if (baton->formatOut == "heif" ||
           (baton->formatOut == "input" && inputImageType == sharp::ImageType::HEIF)) {
           // Write HEIF to buffer
+          sharp::AssertImageTypeDimensions(image, sharp::ImageType::HEIF);
           image = sharp::RemoveAnimationProperties(image).cast(VIPS_FORMAT_UCHAR);
           VipsArea *area = reinterpret_cast<VipsArea*>(image.heifsave_buffer(VImage::option()
             ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
@@ -928,6 +978,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
           if (!sharp::HasAlpha(image)) {
             baton->tileBackground.pop_back();
           }
+          image = sharp::StaySequential(image, access, baton->tileAngle != 0);
           vips::VOption *options = BuildOptionsDZ(baton);
           VipsArea *area = reinterpret_cast<VipsArea*>(image.dzsave_buffer(options));
           baton->bufferOut = static_cast<char*>(area->data);
@@ -935,6 +986,21 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
           area->free_fn = nullptr;
           vips_area_unref(area);
           baton->formatOut = "dz";
+        } else if (baton->formatOut == "jxl" ||
+          (baton->formatOut == "input" && inputImageType == sharp::ImageType::JXL)) {
+          // Write JXL to buffer
+          image = sharp::RemoveAnimationProperties(image);
+          VipsArea *area = reinterpret_cast<VipsArea*>(image.jxlsave_buffer(VImage::option()
+            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("distance", baton->jxlDistance)
+            ->set("tier", baton->jxlDecodingTier)
+            ->set("effort", baton->jxlEffort)
+            ->set("lossless", baton->jxlLossless)));
+          baton->bufferOut = static_cast<char*>(area->data);
+          baton->bufferOutLength = area->length;
+          area->free_fn = nullptr;
+          vips_area_unref(area);
+          baton->formatOut = "jxl";
         } else if (baton->formatOut == "raw" ||
           (baton->formatOut == "input" && inputImageType == sharp::ImageType::RAW)) {
           // Write raw, uncompressed image data to buffer
@@ -973,6 +1039,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
         bool const isTiff = sharp::IsTiff(baton->fileOut);
         bool const isJp2 = sharp::IsJp2(baton->fileOut);
         bool const isHeif = sharp::IsHeif(baton->fileOut);
+        bool const isJxl = sharp::IsJxl(baton->fileOut);
         bool const isDz = sharp::IsDz(baton->fileOut);
         bool const isDzZip = sharp::IsDzZip(baton->fileOut);
         bool const isV = sharp::IsV(baton->fileOut);
@@ -1035,6 +1102,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
             ->set("lossless", baton->webpLossless)
             ->set("near_lossless", baton->webpNearLossless)
             ->set("smart_subsample", baton->webpSmartSubsample)
+            ->set("preset", baton->webpPreset)
             ->set("effort", baton->webpEffort)
             ->set("min_size", baton->webpMinSize)
             ->set("mixed", baton->webpMixed)
@@ -1048,7 +1116,8 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
             ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
             ->set("bitdepth", baton->gifBitdepth)
             ->set("effort", baton->gifEffort)
-            ->set("reoptimise", baton->gifReoptimise)
+            ->set("reuse", baton->gifReuse)
+            ->set("interlace", baton->gifProgressive)
             ->set("dither", baton->gifDither));
           baton->formatOut = "gif";
         } else if (baton->formatOut == "tiff" || (mightMatchInput && isTiff) ||
@@ -1079,6 +1148,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
         } else if (baton->formatOut == "heif" || (mightMatchInput && isHeif) ||
           (willMatchInput && inputImageType == sharp::ImageType::HEIF)) {
           // Write HEIF to file
+          sharp::AssertImageTypeDimensions(image, sharp::ImageType::HEIF);
           image = sharp::RemoveAnimationProperties(image).cast(VIPS_FORMAT_UCHAR);
           image.heifsave(const_cast<char*>(baton->fileOut.data()), VImage::option()
             ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
@@ -1090,6 +1160,17 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
               ? VIPS_FOREIGN_SUBSAMPLE_OFF : VIPS_FOREIGN_SUBSAMPLE_ON)
             ->set("lossless", baton->heifLossless));
           baton->formatOut = "heif";
+        } else if (baton->formatOut == "jxl" || (mightMatchInput && isJxl) ||
+          (willMatchInput && inputImageType == sharp::ImageType::JXL)) {
+          // Write JXL to file
+          image = sharp::RemoveAnimationProperties(image);
+          image.jxlsave(const_cast<char*>(baton->fileOut.data()), VImage::option()
+            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("distance", baton->jxlDistance)
+            ->set("tier", baton->jxlDecodingTier)
+            ->set("effort", baton->jxlEffort)
+            ->set("lossless", baton->jxlLossless));
+          baton->formatOut = "jxl";
         } else if (baton->formatOut == "dz" || isDz || isDzZip) {
           // Write DZ to file
           if (isDzZip) {
@@ -1098,6 +1179,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
           if (!sharp::HasAlpha(image)) {
             baton->tileBackground.pop_back();
           }
+          image = sharp::StaySequential(image, access, baton->tileAngle != 0);
           vips::VOption *options = BuildOptionsDZ(baton);
           image.dzsave(const_cast<char*>(baton->fileOut.data()), options);
           baton->formatOut = "dz";
@@ -1133,7 +1215,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
     // Handle warnings
     std::string warning = sharp::VipsWarningPop();
     while (!warning.empty()) {
-      debuglog.Call({ Napi::String::New(env, warning) });
+      debuglog.MakeCallback(Receiver().Value(), { Napi::String::New(env, warning) });
       warning = sharp::VipsWarningPop();
     }
 
@@ -1162,6 +1244,10 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
         info.Set("cropOffsetLeft", static_cast<int32_t>(baton->cropOffsetLeft));
         info.Set("cropOffsetTop", static_cast<int32_t>(baton->cropOffsetTop));
       }
+      if (baton->hasAttentionCenter) {
+        info.Set("attentionX", static_cast<int32_t>(baton->attentionX));
+        info.Set("attentionY", static_cast<int32_t>(baton->attentionY));
+      }
       if (baton->trimThreshold > 0.0) {
         info.Set("trimOffsetLeft", static_cast<int32_t>(baton->trimOffsetLeft));
         info.Set("trimOffsetTop", static_cast<int32_t>(baton->trimOffsetTop));
@@ -1175,7 +1261,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
         // Add buffer size to info
         info.Set("size", static_cast<uint32_t>(baton->bufferOutLength));
         // Pass ownership of output data to Buffer instance
-        Napi::Buffer<char> data = Napi::Buffer<char>::New(env, static_cast<char*>(baton->bufferOut),
+        Napi::Buffer<char> data = Napi::Buffer<char>::NewOrCopy(env, static_cast<char*>(baton->bufferOut),
           baton->bufferOutLength, sharp::FreeCallback);
         Callback().MakeCallback(Receiver().Value(), { env.Null(), data, info });
       } else {
@@ -1187,7 +1273,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
         Callback().MakeCallback(Receiver().Value(), { env.Null(), info });
       }
     } else {
-      Callback().MakeCallback(Receiver().Value(), { Napi::Error::New(env, baton->err).Value() });
+      Callback().MakeCallback(Receiver().Value(), { Napi::Error::New(env, sharp::TrimEnd(baton->err)).Value() });
     }
 
     // Delete baton
@@ -1203,9 +1289,9 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
     delete baton;
 
     // Decrement processing task counter
-    g_atomic_int_dec_and_test(&sharp::counterProcess);
-    Napi::Number queueLength = Napi::Number::New(env, static_cast<double>(sharp::counterQueue));
-    queueListener.Call(Receiver().Value(), { queueLength });
+    sharp::counterProcess--;
+    Napi::Number queueLength = Napi::Number::New(env, static_cast<int>(sharp::counterQueue));
+    queueListener.MakeCallback(Receiver().Value(), { queueLength });
   }
 
  private:
@@ -1295,6 +1381,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
         {"lossless", baton->webpLossless ? "TRUE" : "FALSE"},
         {"near_lossless", baton->webpNearLossless ? "TRUE" : "FALSE"},
         {"smart_subsample", baton->webpSmartSubsample ? "TRUE" : "FALSE"},
+        {"preset", vips_enum_nick(VIPS_TYPE_FOREIGN_WEBP_PRESET, baton->webpPreset)},
         {"min_size", baton->webpMinSize ? "TRUE" : "FALSE"},
         {"mixed", baton->webpMixed ? "TRUE" : "FALSE"},
         {"effort", std::to_string(baton->webpEffort)}
@@ -1351,7 +1438,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
 Napi::Value pipeline(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   // V8 objects are converted to non-V8 types held in the baton struct
   PipelineBaton *baton = new PipelineBaton;
-  Napi::Object options = info[0].As<Napi::Object>();
+  Napi::Object options = info[size_t(0)].As<Napi::Object>();
 
   // Input
   baton->input = sharp::CreateInputDescriptor(options.Get("input").As<Napi::Object>());
@@ -1413,6 +1500,7 @@ Napi::Value pipeline(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   // Operators
   baton->flatten = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "flatten");
   baton->flattenBackground = sharp::AttrAsVectorOfDouble(options, "flattenBackground");
+  baton->unflatten = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "unflatten");
   baton->negate = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "negate");
   baton->negateAlpha = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "negateAlpha");
   baton->blurSigma = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "blurSigma");
@@ -1437,6 +1525,8 @@ Napi::Value pipeline(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   baton->linearB = sharp::AttrAsVectorOfDouble(options, "linearB");
   baton->greyscale = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "greyscale");
   baton->normalise = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "normalise");
+  baton->normaliseLower = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "normaliseLower");
+  baton->normaliseUpper = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "normaliseUpper");
   baton->tintA = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "tintA");
   baton->tintB = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "tintB");
   baton->claheWidth = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "claheWidth");
@@ -1454,6 +1544,7 @@ Napi::Value pipeline(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   baton->extendLeft = sharp::AttrAsInt32(options, "extendLeft");
   baton->extendRight = sharp::AttrAsInt32(options, "extendRight");
   baton->extendBackground = sharp::AttrAsVectorOfDouble(options, "extendBackground");
+  baton->extendWith = sharp::AttrAsEnum<VipsExtend>(options, "extendWith", VIPS_TYPE_EXTEND);
   baton->extractChannel = sharp::AttrAsInt32(options, "extractChannel");
   baton->affineMatrix = sharp::AttrAsVectorOfDouble(options, "affineMatrix");
   baton->affineBackground = sharp::AttrAsVectorOfDouble(options, "affineBackground");
@@ -1543,13 +1634,17 @@ Napi::Value pipeline(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   baton->webpLossless = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "webpLossless");
   baton->webpNearLossless = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "webpNearLossless");
   baton->webpSmartSubsample = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "webpSmartSubsample");
+  baton->webpPreset = sharp::AttrAsEnum<VipsForeignWebpPreset>(options, "webpPreset", VIPS_TYPE_FOREIGN_WEBP_PRESET);
   baton->webpEffort = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "webpEffort");
   baton->webpMinSize = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "webpMinSize");
   baton->webpMixed = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "webpMixed");
   baton->gifBitdepth = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "gifBitdepth");
   baton->gifEffort = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "gifEffort");
   baton->gifDither = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "gifDither");
-  baton->gifReoptimise = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "gifReoptimise");
+  baton->gifInterFrameMaxError = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "gifInterFrameMaxError");
+  baton->gifInterPaletteMaxError = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "gifInterPaletteMaxError");
+  baton->gifReuse = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "gifReuse");
+  baton->gifProgressive = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "gifProgressive");
   baton->tiffQuality = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "tiffQuality");
   baton->tiffPyramid = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "tiffPyramid");
   baton->tiffBitdepth = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "tiffBitdepth");
@@ -1573,6 +1668,10 @@ Napi::Value pipeline(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
     options, "heifCompression", VIPS_TYPE_FOREIGN_HEIF_COMPRESSION);
   baton->heifEffort = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "heifEffort");
   baton->heifChromaSubsampling = sharp::AttrAsStr(options, "heifChromaSubsampling");
+  baton->jxlDistance = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "jxlDistance");
+  baton->jxlDecodingTier = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "jxlDecodingTier");
+  baton->jxlEffort = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "jxlEffort");
+  baton->jxlLossless = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "jxlLossless");
   baton->rawDepth = sharp::AttrAsEnum<VipsBandFormat>(options, "rawDepth", VIPS_TYPE_BAND_FORMAT);
   // Animated output properties
   if (sharp::HasAttr(options, "loop")) {
@@ -1595,20 +1694,6 @@ Napi::Value pipeline(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   baton->tileId = sharp::AttrAsStr(options, "tileId");
   baton->tileBasename = sharp::AttrAsStr(options, "tileBasename");
 
-  // Force random access for certain operations
-  if (baton->input->access == VIPS_ACCESS_SEQUENTIAL) {
-    if (
-      baton->trimThreshold > 0.0 ||
-      baton->normalise ||
-      baton->position == 16 || baton->position == 17 ||
-      baton->angle % 360 != 0 ||
-      fmod(baton->rotationAngle, 360.0) != 0.0 ||
-      baton->useExifOrientation
-    ) {
-      baton->input->access = VIPS_ACCESS_RANDOM;
-    }
-  }
-
   // Function to notify of libvips warnings
   Napi::Function debuglog = options.Get("debuglog").As<Napi::Function>();
 
@@ -1616,15 +1701,14 @@ Napi::Value pipeline(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   Napi::Function queueListener = options.Get("queueListener").As<Napi::Function>();
 
   // Join queue for worker thread
-  Napi::Function callback = info[1].As<Napi::Function>();
+  Napi::Function callback = info[size_t(1)].As<Napi::Function>();
   PipelineWorker *worker = new PipelineWorker(callback, baton, debuglog, queueListener);
   worker->Receiver().Set("options", options);
   worker->Queue();
 
   // Increment queued task counter
-  g_atomic_int_inc(&sharp::counterQueue);
-  Napi::Number queueLength = Napi::Number::New(info.Env(), static_cast<double>(sharp::counterQueue));
-  queueListener.Call(info.This(), { queueLength });
+  Napi::Number queueLength = Napi::Number::New(info.Env(), static_cast<int>(++sharp::counterQueue));
+  queueListener.MakeCallback(info.This(), { queueLength });
 
   return info.Env().Undefined();
 }

src/pipeline.h

@@ -1,16 +1,5 @@
-// Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Lovell Fuller and contributors.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
 #ifndef SRC_PIPELINE_H_
 #define SRC_PIPELINE_H_
@@ -74,6 +63,9 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
   bool hasCropOffset;
   int cropOffsetLeft;
   int cropOffsetTop;
+  bool hasAttentionCenter;
+  int attentionX;
+  int attentionY;
   bool premultiplied;
   bool tileCentre;
   bool fastShrinkOnLoad;
@@ -81,6 +73,7 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
   double tintB;
   bool flatten;
   std::vector<double> flattenBackground;
+  bool unflatten;
   bool negate;
   bool negateAlpha;
   double blurSigma;
@@ -107,6 +100,8 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
   double gammaOut;
   bool greyscale;
   bool normalise;
+  int normaliseLower;
+  int normaliseUpper;
   int claheWidth;
   int claheHeight;
   int claheMaxSlope;
@@ -122,6 +117,7 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
   int extendLeft;
   int extendRight;
   std::vector<double> extendBackground;
+  VipsExtend extendWith;
   bool withoutEnlargement;
   bool withoutReduction;
   std::vector<double> affineMatrix;
@@ -157,13 +153,17 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
   bool webpNearLossless;
   bool webpLossless;
   bool webpSmartSubsample;
+  VipsForeignWebpPreset webpPreset;
   int webpEffort;
   bool webpMinSize;
   bool webpMixed;
   int gifBitdepth;
   int gifEffort;
   double gifDither;
-  bool gifReoptimise;
+  double gifInterFrameMaxError;
+  double gifInterPaletteMaxError;
+  bool gifReuse;
+  bool gifProgressive;
   int tiffQuality;
   VipsForeignTiffCompression tiffCompression;
   VipsForeignTiffPredictor tiffPredictor;
@@ -180,6 +180,10 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
   int heifEffort;
   std::string heifChromaSubsampling;
   bool heifLossless;
+  double jxlDistance;
+  int jxlDecodingTier;
+  int jxlEffort;
+  bool jxlLossless;
   VipsBandFormat rawDepth;
   std::string err;
   bool withMetadata;
@@ -229,11 +233,15 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
     hasCropOffset(false),
     cropOffsetLeft(0),
     cropOffsetTop(0),
+    hasAttentionCenter(false),
+    attentionX(0),
+    attentionY(0),
     premultiplied(false),
     tintA(128.0),
     tintB(128.0),
     flatten(false),
     flattenBackground{ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 },
+    unflatten(false),
     negate(false),
     negateAlpha(true),
     blurSigma(0.0),
@@ -259,6 +267,8 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
     gamma(0.0),
     greyscale(false),
     normalise(false),
+    normaliseLower(1),
+    normaliseUpper(99),
     claheWidth(0),
     claheHeight(0),
     claheMaxSlope(3),
@@ -273,6 +283,7 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
     extendLeft(0),
     extendRight(0),
     extendBackground{ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 255.0 },
+    extendWith(VIPS_EXTEND_BACKGROUND),
     withoutEnlargement(false),
     withoutReduction(false),
     affineMatrix{ 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 },
@@ -308,13 +319,17 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
     webpNearLossless(false),
     webpLossless(false),
     webpSmartSubsample(false),
+    webpPreset(VIPS_FOREIGN_WEBP_PRESET_DEFAULT),
     webpEffort(4),
     webpMinSize(false),
     webpMixed(false),
     gifBitdepth(8),
     gifEffort(7),
     gifDither(1.0),
-    gifReoptimise(false),
+    gifInterFrameMaxError(0.0),
+    gifInterPaletteMaxError(3.0),
+    gifReuse(true),
+    gifProgressive(false),
     tiffQuality(80),
     tiffCompression(VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_COMPRESSION_JPEG),
     tiffPredictor(VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_PREDICTOR_HORIZONTAL),
@@ -331,6 +346,10 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
     heifEffort(4),
     heifChromaSubsampling("4:4:4"),
     heifLossless(false),
+    jxlDistance(1.0),
+    jxlDecodingTier(0),
+    jxlEffort(7),
+    jxlLossless(false),
     rawDepth(VIPS_FORMAT_UCHAR),
     withMetadata(false),
     withMetadataOrientation(-1),

src/sharp.cc

@@ -1,16 +1,7 @@
-// Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Lovell Fuller and contributors.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+#include <mutex>  // NOLINT(build/c++11)
 
 #include <napi.h>
 #include <vips/vips8>
@@ -21,14 +12,11 @@
 #include "utilities.h"
 #include "stats.h"
 
-static void* sharp_vips_init(void*) {
-  vips_init("sharp");
-  return nullptr;
-}
-
 Napi::Object init(Napi::Env env, Napi::Object exports) {
-  static GOnce sharp_vips_init_once = G_ONCE_INIT;
-  g_once(&sharp_vips_init_once, static_cast<GThreadFunc>(sharp_vips_init), nullptr);
+  static std::once_flag sharp_vips_init_once;
+  std::call_once(sharp_vips_init_once, []() {
+    vips_init("sharp");
+  });
 
   g_log_set_handler("VIPS", static_cast<GLogLevelFlags>(G_LOG_LEVEL_WARNING),
     static_cast<GLogFunc>(sharp::VipsWarningCallback), nullptr);
@@ -42,6 +30,7 @@ Napi::Object init(Napi::Env env, Napi::Object exports) {
   exports.Set("simd", Napi::Function::New(env, simd));
   exports.Set("libvipsVersion", Napi::Function::New(env, libvipsVersion));
   exports.Set("format", Napi::Function::New(env, format));
+  exports.Set("block", Napi::Function::New(env, block));
   exports.Set("_maxColourDistance", Napi::Function::New(env, _maxColourDistance));
   exports.Set("_isUsingJemalloc", Napi::Function::New(env, _isUsingJemalloc));
   exports.Set("stats", Napi::Function::New(env, stats));

src/stats.cc

@@ -1,16 +1,5 @@
-// Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Lovell Fuller and contributors.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
 #include <numeric>
 #include <vector>
@@ -41,7 +30,7 @@ class StatsWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
 
   void Execute() {
     // Decrement queued task counter
-    g_atomic_int_dec_and_test(&sharp::counterQueue);
+    sharp::counterQueue--;
 
     vips::VImage image;
     sharp::ImageType imageType = sharp::ImageType::UNKNOWN;
@@ -117,7 +106,7 @@ class StatsWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
     // Handle warnings
     std::string warning = sharp::VipsWarningPop();
     while (!warning.empty()) {
-      debuglog.Call({ Napi::String::New(env, warning) });
+      debuglog.MakeCallback(Receiver().Value(), { Napi::String::New(env, warning) });
       warning = sharp::VipsWarningPop();
     }
 
@@ -154,7 +143,7 @@ class StatsWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
       info.Set("dominant", dominant);
       Callback().MakeCallback(Receiver().Value(), { env.Null(), info });
     } else {
-      Callback().MakeCallback(Receiver().Value(), { Napi::Error::New(env, baton->err).Value() });
+      Callback().MakeCallback(Receiver().Value(), { Napi::Error::New(env, sharp::TrimEnd(baton->err)).Value() });
     }
 
     delete baton->input;
@@ -172,22 +161,23 @@ class StatsWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
 Napi::Value stats(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   // V8 objects are converted to non-V8 types held in the baton struct
   StatsBaton *baton = new StatsBaton;
-  Napi::Object options = info[0].As<Napi::Object>();
+  Napi::Object options = info[size_t(0)].As<Napi::Object>();
 
   // Input
   baton->input = sharp::CreateInputDescriptor(options.Get("input").As<Napi::Object>());
+  baton->input->access = VIPS_ACCESS_RANDOM;
 
   // Function to notify of libvips warnings
   Napi::Function debuglog = options.Get("debuglog").As<Napi::Function>();
 
   // Join queue for worker thread
-  Napi::Function callback = info[1].As<Napi::Function>();
+  Napi::Function callback = info[size_t(1)].As<Napi::Function>();
   StatsWorker *worker = new StatsWorker(callback, baton, debuglog);
   worker->Receiver().Set("options", options);
   worker->Queue();
 
   // Increment queued task counter
-  g_atomic_int_inc(&sharp::counterQueue);
+  sharp::counterQueue++;
 
   return info.Env().Undefined();
 }

src/stats.h

@@ -1,16 +1,5 @@
-// Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Lovell Fuller and contributors.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
 #ifndef SRC_STATS_H_
 #define SRC_STATS_H_

src/utilities.cc

@@ -1,19 +1,9 @@
-// Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Lovell Fuller and contributors.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
 #include <cmath>
 #include <string>
+#include <cstdio>
 
 #include <napi.h>
 #include <vips/vips8>
@@ -30,16 +20,16 @@ Napi::Value cache(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   Napi::Env env = info.Env();
 
   // Set memory limit
-  if (info[0].IsNumber()) {
-    vips_cache_set_max_mem(info[0].As<Napi::Number>().Int32Value() * 1048576);
+  if (info[size_t(0)].IsNumber()) {
+    vips_cache_set_max_mem(info[size_t(0)].As<Napi::Number>().Int32Value() * 1048576);
   }
   // Set file limit
-  if (info[1].IsNumber()) {
-    vips_cache_set_max_files(info[1].As<Napi::Number>().Int32Value());
+  if (info[size_t(1)].IsNumber()) {
+    vips_cache_set_max_files(info[size_t(1)].As<Napi::Number>().Int32Value());
   }
   // Set items limit
-  if (info[2].IsNumber()) {
-    vips_cache_set_max(info[2].As<Napi::Number>().Int32Value());
+  if (info[size_t(2)].IsNumber()) {
+    vips_cache_set_max(info[size_t(2)].As<Napi::Number>().Int32Value());
   }
 
   // Get memory stats
@@ -69,8 +59,8 @@ Napi::Value cache(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
 */
 Napi::Value concurrency(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   // Set concurrency
-  if (info[0].IsNumber()) {
-    vips_concurrency_set(info[0].As<Napi::Number>().Int32Value());
+  if (info[size_t(0)].IsNumber()) {
+    vips_concurrency_set(info[size_t(0)].As<Napi::Number>().Int32Value());
   }
   // Get concurrency
   return Napi::Number::New(info.Env(), vips_concurrency_get());
@@ -81,8 +71,8 @@ Napi::Value concurrency(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
 */
 Napi::Value counters(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   Napi::Object counters = Napi::Object::New(info.Env());
-  counters.Set("queue", sharp::counterQueue);
-  counters.Set("process", sharp::counterProcess);
+  counters.Set("queue", static_cast<int>(sharp::counterQueue));
+  counters.Set("process", static_cast<int>(sharp::counterProcess));
   return counters;
 }
 
@@ -91,8 +81,8 @@ Napi::Value counters(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
 */
 Napi::Value simd(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   // Set state
-  if (info[0].IsBoolean()) {
-    vips_vector_set_enabled(info[0].As<Napi::Boolean>().Value());
+  if (info[size_t(0)].IsBoolean()) {
+    vips_vector_set_enabled(info[size_t(0)].As<Napi::Boolean>().Value());
   }
   // Get state
   return Napi::Boolean::New(info.Env(), vips_vector_isenabled());
@@ -102,9 +92,18 @@ Napi::Value simd(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   Get libvips version
 */
 Napi::Value libvipsVersion(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
-  char version[9];
-  g_snprintf(version, sizeof(version), "%d.%d.%d", vips_version(0), vips_version(1), vips_version(2));
-  return Napi::String::New(info.Env(), version);
+  Napi::Env env = info.Env();
+  Napi::Object version = Napi::Object::New(env);
+
+  char semver[9];
+  std::snprintf(semver, sizeof(semver), "%d.%d.%d", vips_version(0), vips_version(1), vips_version(2));
+  version.Set("semver", Napi::String::New(env, semver));
+#ifdef SHARP_USE_GLOBAL_LIBVIPS
+  version.Set("isGlobal", Napi::Boolean::New(env, true));
+#else
+  version.Set("isGlobal", Napi::Boolean::New(env, false));
+#endif
+  return version;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -115,7 +114,7 @@ Napi::Value format(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   Napi::Object format = Napi::Object::New(env);
   for (std::string const f : {
     "jpeg", "png", "webp", "tiff", "magick", "openslide", "dz",
-    "ppm", "fits", "gif", "svg", "heif", "pdf", "vips", "jp2k"
+    "ppm", "fits", "gif", "svg", "heif", "pdf", "vips", "jp2k", "jxl"
   }) {
     // Input
     const VipsObjectClass *oc = vips_class_find("VipsOperation", (f + "load").c_str());
@@ -175,6 +174,17 @@ Napi::Value format(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
   return format;
 }
 
+/*
+  (Un)block libvips operations at runtime.
+*/
+void block(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
+  Napi::Array ops = info[size_t(0)].As<Napi::Array>();
+  bool const state = info[size_t(1)].As<Napi::Boolean>().Value();
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < ops.Length(); i++) {
+    vips_operation_block_set(ops.Get(i).As<Napi::String>().Utf8Value().c_str(), state);
+  }
+}
+
 /*
   Synchronous, internal-only method used by some of the functional tests.
   Calculates the maximum colour distance using the DE2000 algorithm
@@ -185,10 +195,10 @@ Napi::Value _maxColourDistance(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
 
   // Open input files
   VImage image1;
-  sharp::ImageType imageType1 = sharp::DetermineImageType(info[0].As<Napi::String>().Utf8Value().data());
+  sharp::ImageType imageType1 = sharp::DetermineImageType(info[size_t(0)].As<Napi::String>().Utf8Value().data());
   if (imageType1 != sharp::ImageType::UNKNOWN) {
     try {
-      image1 = VImage::new_from_file(info[0].As<Napi::String>().Utf8Value().c_str());
+      image1 = VImage::new_from_file(info[size_t(0)].As<Napi::String>().Utf8Value().c_str());
     } catch (...) {
       throw Napi::Error::New(env, "Input file 1 has corrupt header");
     }
@@ -196,10 +206,10 @@ Napi::Value _maxColourDistance(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
     throw Napi::Error::New(env, "Input file 1 is of an unsupported image format");
   }
   VImage image2;
-  sharp::ImageType imageType2 = sharp::DetermineImageType(info[1].As<Napi::String>().Utf8Value().data());
+  sharp::ImageType imageType2 = sharp::DetermineImageType(info[size_t(1)].As<Napi::String>().Utf8Value().data());
   if (imageType2 != sharp::ImageType::UNKNOWN) {
     try {
-      image2 = VImage::new_from_file(info[1].As<Napi::String>().Utf8Value().c_str());
+      image2 = VImage::new_from_file(info[size_t(1)].As<Napi::String>().Utf8Value().c_str());
     } catch (...) {
       throw Napi::Error::New(env, "Input file 2 has corrupt header");
     }

src/utilities.h

@@ -1,16 +1,5 @@
-// Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Lovell Fuller and contributors.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
 #ifndef SRC_UTILITIES_H_
 #define SRC_UTILITIES_H_
@@ -23,6 +12,7 @@ Napi::Value counters(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info);
 Napi::Value simd(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info);
 Napi::Value libvipsVersion(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info);
 Napi::Value format(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info);
+void block(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info);
 Napi::Value _maxColourDistance(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info);
 Napi::Value _isUsingJemalloc(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info);
 

test/beforeEach.js

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+'use strict';
+
+const sharp = require('../');
+
+const usingCache = !process.env.G_DEBUG;
+const usingSimd = !process.env.VIPS_NOVECTOR;
+const concurrency = Number(process.env.VIPS_CONCURRENCY) || 0;
+
+exports.mochaHooks = {
+  beforeEach () {
+    sharp.cache(usingCache);
+    sharp.simd(usingSimd);
+    sharp.concurrency(concurrency);
+  },
+
+  afterEach () {
+    if (global.gc) {
+      global.gc();
+    }
+  }
+};

test/bench/Dockerfile

@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@ ARG BRANCH=main
 RUN apt-get -y update && apt-get install -y build-essential curl git
 
 # Install latest Node.js LTS
-RUN curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_16.x | bash -
+RUN curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_18.x | bash -
 RUN apt-get install -y nodejs
 
 # Install benchmark dependencies
-RUN apt-get install -y imagemagick libmagick++-dev graphicsmagick libmapnik-dev
+RUN apt-get install -y imagemagick libmagick++-dev graphicsmagick
 
 # Install sharp
 RUN mkdir /tmp/sharp
@@ -17,10 +17,15 @@ RUN cd /tmp && git clone --single-branch --branch $BRANCH https://github.com/lov
 RUN cd /tmp/sharp && npm install --build-from-source
 
 # Install benchmark test
-RUN cd /tmp/sharp/test/bench && npm install
+RUN cd /tmp/sharp/test/bench && npm install --omit optional
 
 RUN cat /etc/os-release | grep VERSION=
 RUN node -v
 
 WORKDIR /tmp/sharp/test/bench
+
+# Workaround for: https://github.com/emscripten-core/emscripten/pull/16917
+# This could be removed once Squoosh is an optional dependency.
+ENV NODE_OPTIONS="--no-experimental-fetch"
+
 CMD [ "node", "perf" ]

test/bench/package.json

@@ -7,20 +7,18 @@
   "scripts": {
     "test": "node perf && node random && node parallel"
   },
-  "devDependencies": {
-    "@squoosh/cli": "0.7.2",
-    "@squoosh/lib": "0.4.0",
-    "@tensorflow/tfjs-node": "3.20.0",
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@squoosh/cli": "0.7.3",
+    "@squoosh/lib": "0.5.3",
     "async": "3.2.4",
     "benchmark": "2.1.4",
-    "gm": "1.24.0",
+    "gm": "1.25.0",
     "imagemagick": "0.1.3",
-    "jimp": "0.16.2",
-    "mapnik": "4.5.9",
-    "semver": "7.3.7"
+    "jimp": "0.22.10"
   },
-  "license": "Apache-2.0",
-  "engines": {
-    "node": "16"
-  }
+  "optionalDependencies": {
+    "@tensorflow/tfjs-node": "4.11.0",
+    "mapnik": "4.5.9"
+  },
+  "license": "Apache-2.0"
 }

test/bench/parallel.js

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
 process.env.UV_THREADPOOL_SIZE = 64;

test/bench/perf.js

@@ -1,21 +1,31 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
 const os = require('os');
 const fs = require('fs');
-const { exec } = require('child_process');
+const { exec, execSync } = require('child_process');
 
 const async = require('async');
 const Benchmark = require('benchmark');
 
+const safeRequire = (name) => {
+  try {
+    return require(name);
+  } catch (err) {}
+  return null;
+};
+
 // Contenders
 const sharp = require('../../');
 const gm = require('gm');
 const imagemagick = require('imagemagick');
-const mapnik = require('mapnik');
+const mapnik = safeRequire('mapnik');
 const jimp = require('jimp');
 const squoosh = require('@squoosh/lib');
 process.env.TF_CPP_MIN_LOG_LEVEL = 1;
-const tfjs = require('@tensorflow/tfjs-node');
+const tfjs = safeRequire('@tensorflow/tfjs-node');
 
 const fixtures = require('../fixtures');
 
@@ -25,12 +35,15 @@ const outputWebP = fixtures.path('output.webp');
 
 const width = 720;
 const height = 588;
+const heightPng = 540;
 
 // Disable libvips cache to ensure tests are as fair as they can be
 sharp.cache(false);
 
-// Spawn one thread per CPU
-sharp.concurrency(os.cpus().length);
+// Spawn one thread per physical CPU core
+const physicalCores = Number(execSync('lscpu -p | egrep -v "^#" | sort -u -t, -k 2,4 | wc -l', { encoding: 'utf-8' }).trim());
+console.log(`Detected ${physicalCores} physical cores`);
+sharp.concurrency(physicalCores);
 
 async.series({
   jpeg: function (callback) {
@@ -98,7 +111,7 @@ async.series({
     jpegSuite.add('squoosh-lib-buffer-buffer', {
       defer: true,
       fn: function (deferred) {
-        const pool = new squoosh.ImagePool();
+        const pool = new squoosh.ImagePool(os.cpus().length);
         const image = pool.ingestImage(inputJpgBuffer);
         image.decoded
           .then(function () {
@@ -138,7 +151,7 @@ async.series({
       }
     });
     // mapnik
-    jpegSuite.add('mapnik-file-file', {
+    mapnik && jpegSuite.add('mapnik-file-file', {
       defer: true,
       fn: function (deferred) {
         mapnik.Image.open(fixtures.inputJpg, function (err, img) {
@@ -177,8 +190,8 @@ async.series({
           srcPath: fixtures.inputJpg,
           dstPath: outputJpg,
           quality: 0.8,
-          width: width,
-          height: height,
+          width,
+          height,
           format: 'jpg',
           filter: 'Lanczos'
         }, function (err) {
@@ -253,7 +266,7 @@ async.series({
       }
     });
     // tfjs
-    jpegSuite.add('tfjs-node-buffer-buffer', {
+    tfjs && jpegSuite.add('tfjs-node-buffer-buffer', {
       defer: true,
       fn: function (deferred) {
         const decoded = tfjs.node.decodeJpeg(inputJpgBuffer);
@@ -528,10 +541,10 @@ async.series({
             }
           });
       }
-    }).add('sharp-sequentialRead', {
+    }).add('sharp-random-access-read', {
       defer: true,
       fn: function (deferred) {
-        sharp(inputJpgBuffer, { sequentialRead: true })
+        sharp(inputJpgBuffer, { sequentialRead: false })
           .resize(width, height)
           .toBuffer(function (err) {
             if (err) {
@@ -641,7 +654,7 @@ async.series({
             throw err;
           } else {
             image
-              .resize(width, height)
+              .resize(width, heightPng, jimp.RESIZE_BICUBIC)
               .deflateLevel(6)
               .filterType(0)
               .getBuffer(jimp.MIME_PNG, function (err) {
@@ -662,7 +675,7 @@ async.series({
             throw err;
           } else {
             image
-              .resize(width, height)
+              .resize(width, heightPng, jimp.RESIZE_BICUBIC)
               .deflateLevel(6)
               .filterType(0)
               .write(outputPng, function (err) {
@@ -676,21 +689,74 @@ async.series({
         });
       }
     });
+    // squoosh-cli
+    pngSuite.add('squoosh-cli-file-file', {
+      defer: true,
+      fn: function (deferred) {
+        exec(`./node_modules/.bin/squoosh-cli \
+          --output-dir ${os.tmpdir()} \
+          --resize '{"enabled":true,"width":${width},"height":${heightPng},"method":"lanczos3","premultiply":true,"linearRGB":false}' \
+          --oxipng '{"level":1}' \
+          "${fixtures.inputPngAlphaPremultiplicationLarge}"`, function (err) {
+          if (err) {
+            throw err;
+          }
+          deferred.resolve();
+        });
+      }
+    });
+    // squoosh-lib (GPLv3)
+    pngSuite.add('squoosh-lib-buffer-buffer', {
+      defer: true,
+      fn: function (deferred) {
+        const pool = new squoosh.ImagePool(os.cpus().length);
+        const image = pool.ingestImage(inputPngBuffer);
+        image.decoded
+          .then(function () {
+            return image.preprocess({
+              resize: {
+                enabled: true,
+                width,
+                height: heightPng,
+                method: 'lanczos3',
+                premultiply: true,
+                linearRGB: false
+              }
+            });
+          })
+          .then(function () {
+            return image.encode({
+              oxipng: {
+                level: 1
+              }
+            });
+          })
+          .then(function () {
+            return pool.close();
+          })
+          .then(function () {
+            return image.encodedWith.oxipng;
+          })
+          .then(function () {
+            deferred.resolve();
+          });
+      }
+    });
     // mapnik
-    pngSuite.add('mapnik-file-file', {
+    mapnik && pngSuite.add('mapnik-file-file', {
       defer: true,
       fn: function (deferred) {
         mapnik.Image.open(fixtures.inputPngAlphaPremultiplicationLarge, function (err, img) {
           if (err) throw err;
           img.premultiply(function (err, img) {
             if (err) throw err;
-            img.resize(width, height, {
+            img.resize(width, heightPng, {
               scaling_method: mapnik.imageScaling.lanczos
             }, function (err, img) {
               if (err) throw err;
               img.demultiply(function (err, img) {
                 if (err) throw err;
-                img.save(outputPng, 'png', function (err) {
+                img.save(outputPng, 'png32:f=no:z=6', function (err) {
                   if (err) throw err;
                   deferred.resolve();
                 });
@@ -706,13 +772,13 @@ async.series({
           if (err) throw err;
           img.premultiply(function (err, img) {
             if (err) throw err;
-            img.resize(width, height, {
+            img.resize(width, heightPng, {
               scaling_method: mapnik.imageScaling.lanczos
             }, function (err, img) {
               if (err) throw err;
               img.demultiply(function (err, img) {
                 if (err) throw err;
-                img.encode('png', function (err) {
+                img.encode('png32:f=no:z=6', function (err) {
                   if (err) throw err;
                   deferred.resolve();
                 });
@@ -729,8 +795,8 @@ async.series({
         imagemagick.resize({
           srcPath: fixtures.inputPngAlphaPremultiplicationLarge,
           dstPath: outputPng,
-          width: width,
-          height: height,
+          width,
+          height: heightPng,
           filter: 'Lanczos',
           customArgs: [
             '-define', 'PNG:compression-level=6',
@@ -751,7 +817,7 @@ async.series({
       fn: function (deferred) {
         gm(fixtures.inputPngAlphaPremultiplicationLarge)
           .filter('Lanczos')
-          .resize(width, height)
+          .resize(width, heightPng)
           .define('PNG:compression-level=6')
           .define('PNG:compression-filter=0')
           .write(outputPng, function (err) {
@@ -767,7 +833,7 @@ async.series({
       fn: function (deferred) {
         gm(fixtures.inputPngAlphaPremultiplicationLarge)
           .filter('Lanczos')
-          .resize(width, height)
+          .resize(width, heightPng)
           .define('PNG:compression-level=6')
           .define('PNG:compression-filter=0')
           .toBuffer(function (err) {
@@ -785,7 +851,7 @@ async.series({
       minSamples,
       fn: function (deferred) {
         sharp(inputPngBuffer)
-          .resize(width, height)
+          .resize(width, heightPng)
           .png({ compressionLevel: 6 })
           .toFile(outputPng, function (err) {
             if (err) {
@@ -800,9 +866,9 @@ async.series({
       minSamples,
       fn: function (deferred) {
         sharp(inputPngBuffer)
-          .resize(width, height)
+          .resize(width, heightPng)
           .png({ compressionLevel: 6 })
-          .toBuffer(function (err) {
+          .toBuffer(function (err, data) {
             if (err) {
               throw err;
             } else {
@@ -815,7 +881,7 @@ async.series({
       minSamples,
       fn: function (deferred) {
         sharp(fixtures.inputPngAlphaPremultiplicationLarge)
-          .resize(width, height)
+          .resize(width, heightPng)
           .png({ compressionLevel: 6 })
           .toFile(outputPng, function (err) {
             if (err) {
@@ -830,7 +896,7 @@ async.series({
       minSamples,
       fn: function (deferred) {
         sharp(fixtures.inputPngAlphaPremultiplicationLarge)
-          .resize(width, height)
+          .resize(width, heightPng)
           .png({ compressionLevel: 6 })
           .toBuffer(function (err) {
             if (err) {
@@ -845,7 +911,7 @@ async.series({
       minSamples,
       fn: function (deferred) {
         sharp(inputPngBuffer)
-          .resize(width, height)
+          .resize(width, heightPng)
           .png({ compressionLevel: 6, progressive: true })
           .toBuffer(function (err) {
             if (err) {
@@ -860,7 +926,7 @@ async.series({
       minSamples,
       fn: function (deferred) {
         sharp(inputPngBuffer)
-          .resize(width, height)
+          .resize(width, heightPng)
           .png({ adaptiveFiltering: true, compressionLevel: 6 })
           .toBuffer(function (err) {
             if (err) {
@@ -875,7 +941,7 @@ async.series({
       minSamples,
       fn: function (deferred) {
         sharp(inputPngBuffer)
-          .resize(width, height)
+          .resize(width, heightPng)
           .png({ compressionLevel: 9 })
           .toBuffer(function (err) {
             if (err) {

test/bench/random.js

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
 'use strict';
 
 const imagemagick = require('imagemagick');