Prerelease v0.33.1-rc.0

Add help text for Node.js snap failures
The official Node.js Snap as distributed via the Ubuntu Snap Store does not provide support for native modules. Sometimes, if the version of the core matches the version of the underlying OS, then it will appear to work. There are quite a few open issues relating to this in the nodejs/snap repo.
2026-02-04 13:46:19 +01:00 · 2023-12-12 09:12:57 +00:00 · 2023-12-11 22:56:51 +00:00 · 2023-12-11 21:51:20 +00:00 · 2023-12-11 21:28:09 +00:00 · 2023-12-11 21:14:40 +00:00
57 changed files with 1438 additions and 479 deletions
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/installation.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/installation.md
@@ -27,21 +27,28 @@ If you are using another package which depends on a version of `sharp` that is n

 <!-- Please place an [x] in the relevant box to confirm. -->

- [ ] I am using Node.js 18 with a version >= 18.17.0
- [ ] I am using Node.js 20 with a version >= 20.3.0
- [ ] I am using Node.js 21 or later
+- [ ] I am using Node.js with a version that satisfies `^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0`
+- [ ] I am using Deno
+- [ ] I am using Bun

-If you cannot confirm any of these, please upgrade to the latest version and try again before opening an issue.
+If you cannot confirm any of these,
+please upgrade to the latest version
+and try again before opening an issue.

-### Are you using a supported package manager?
+### Are you using a supported package manager and installing optional dependencies?

 <!-- Please place an [x] in the relevant box to confirm. -->

- [ ] I am using npm >= 9.6.5
- [ ] I am using yarn >= 3.2.0
- [ ] I am using pnpm >= 7.1.0
+- [ ] I am using npm >= 9.6.5 with `--include=optional`
+- [ ] I am using yarn >= 3.2.0 and I am not using the "Plug'n'Play" linker
+- [ ] I am using pnpm >= 7.1.0 with `--no-optional=false`
+- [ ] I am using Deno
+- [ ] I am using Bun

-If you cannot confirm any of these, please upgrade to the latest version and try again before opening an issue.
+If you cannot confirm any of these,
+please upgrade to the latest version of your chosen package manager
+and ensure you are allowing the installation of optional dependencies
+before opening an issue.

 ### What is the complete output of running `npm install --verbose --foreground-scripts sharp` in an empty directory?

--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -161,6 +161,39 @@ jobs:
            npm install --ignore-scripts
            npx mocha --no-config --spec=test/unit/io.js --timeout=30000
            [[ -n $prebuild_upload ]] && cd src && ln -s ../package.json && npx prebuild || true
+  github-runner-emscripten:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    name: wasm32 - prebuild
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    container: "emscripten/emsdk:3.1.48"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Dependencies
+        run: apt-get update && apt-get install -y pkg-config
+      - name: Dependencies (Node.js)
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+        with:
+          node-version: "20"
+      - name: Install
+        run: emmake npm install --build-from-source
+      - name: Test
+        run: emmake npm test
+      - name: Test packaging
+        run: |
+          emmake npm run package-from-local-build
+          npm pkg set "optionalDependencies.@img/sharp-wasm32=file:./npm/wasm32"
+          npm run clean
+          rm -rf node_modules/@img/sharp-linux-x64
+          npm install --cpu=wasm32
+          npm test
+      - name: Prebuild
+        if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
+        env:
+          npm_config_nodedir: emscripten
+          prebuild_upload: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: cd src && ln -s ../package.json && emmake npx prebuild --platform=emscripten --arch=wasm32 --strip=0
  macstadium-runner:
    permissions:
      contents: write
--- a/.github/workflows/npm.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/npm.yml
@@ -112,10 +112,8 @@ jobs:
        with:
          path: release.mjs
          contents: |
-            import { createRequire } from 'node:module';
            import { deepStrictEqual } from 'node:assert';
-            const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
-            const sharp = require('sharp');
+            import sharp from 'sharp';
            deepStrictEqual(['.jpg', '.jpeg', '.jpe'], sharp.format.jpeg.input.fileSuffix);

      - name: Run with Node.js + npm
@@ -141,6 +139,17 @@ jobs:
          yarn install
          node release.mjs

+      - name: Run with Node.js + yarn pnp
+        if: ${{ matrix.runtime == 'node' && matrix.package-manager == 'yarn' }}
+        run: |
+          corepack enable
+          yarn set version stable
+          yarn config set enableImmutableInstalls false
+          yarn config set enableScripts false
+          yarn config set nodeLinker pnp
+          yarn install
+          node release.mjs
+
      - name: Run with Deno
        if: ${{ matrix.runtime == 'deno' }}
        run: deno run --allow-read --allow-ffi release.mjs
--- a/docs/api-colour.md
+++ b/docs/api-colour.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ## tint
-> tint(rgb) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
+> tint(tint) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>

-Tint the image using the provided chroma while preserving the image luminance.
+Tint the image using the provided colour.
 An alpha channel may be present and will be unchanged by the operation.


@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ An alpha channel may be present and will be unchanged by the operation.

 | Param | Type | Description |
 | --- | --- | --- |
-| rgb | <code>string</code> \| <code>Object</code> | parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module to extract chroma values. |
+| tint | <code>string</code> \| <code>Object</code> | Parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module. |

 **Example**  
 ```js
--- a/docs/api-constructor.md
+++ b/docs/api-constructor.md
@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@ Non-critical problems encountered during processing are emitted as `warning` eve

 Implements the [stream.Duplex](http://nodejs.org/api/stream.html#stream_class_stream_duplex) class.

+When loading more than one page/frame of an animated image,
+these are combined as a vertically-stacked "toilet roll" image
+where the overall height is the `pageHeight` multiplied by the number of `pages`.
+
 **Throws**:

 - <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
--- a/docs/api-output.md
+++ b/docs/api-output.md
@@ -111,17 +111,157 @@ await sharp(pixelArray, { raw: { width, height, channels } })
 ```


+## keepExif
+> keepExif() ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
+
+Keep all EXIF metadata from the input image in the output image.
+
+EXIF metadata is unsupported for TIFF output.
+
+
+**Since**: 0.33.0  
+**Example**  
+```js
+const outputWithExif = await sharp(inputWithExif)
+  .keepExif()
+  .toBuffer();
+```
+
+
+## withExif
+> withExif(exif) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
+
+Set EXIF metadata in the output image, ignoring any EXIF in the input image.
+
+
+**Throws**:
+
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
+
+**Since**: 0.33.0  
+
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| exif | <code>Object.&lt;string, Object.&lt;string, string&gt;&gt;</code> | Object keyed by IFD0, IFD1 etc. of key/value string pairs to write as EXIF data. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
+const dataWithExif = await sharp(input)
+  .withExif({
+    IFD0: {
+      Copyright: 'The National Gallery'
+    },
+    IFD3: {
+      GPSLatitudeRef: 'N',
+      GPSLatitude: '51/1 30/1 3230/100',
+      GPSLongitudeRef: 'W',
+      GPSLongitude: '0/1 7/1 4366/100'
+    }
+  })
+  .toBuffer();
+```
+
+
+## withExifMerge
+> withExifMerge(exif) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
+
+Update EXIF metadata from the input image in the output image.
+
+
+**Throws**:
+
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
+
+**Since**: 0.33.0  
+
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| exif | <code>Object.&lt;string, Object.&lt;string, string&gt;&gt;</code> | Object keyed by IFD0, IFD1 etc. of key/value string pairs to write as EXIF data. |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
+const dataWithMergedExif = await sharp(inputWithExif)
+  .withExifMerge({
+    IFD0: {
+      Copyright: 'The National Gallery'
+    }
+  })
+  .toBuffer();
+```
+
+
+## keepIccProfile
+> keepIccProfile() ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
+
+Keep ICC profile from the input image in the output image.
+
+Where necessary, will attempt to convert the output colour space to match the profile.
+
+
+**Since**: 0.33.0  
+**Example**  
+```js
+const outputWithIccProfile = await sharp(inputWithIccProfile)
+  .keepIccProfile()
+  .toBuffer();
+```
+
+
+## withIccProfile
+> withIccProfile(icc, [options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
+
+Transform using an ICC profile and attach to the output image.
+
+This can either be an absolute filesystem path or
+built-in profile name (`srgb`, `p3`, `cmyk`).
+
+
+**Throws**:
+
+- <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters
+
+**Since**: 0.33.0  
+
+| Param | Type | Default | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| icc | <code>string</code> |  | Absolute filesystem path to output ICC profile or built-in profile name (srgb, p3, cmyk). |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  |  |
+| [options.attach] | <code>number</code> | <code>true</code> | Should the ICC profile be included in the output image metadata? |
+
+**Example**  
+```js
+const outputWithP3 = await sharp(input)
+  .withIccProfile('p3')
+  .toBuffer();
+```
+
+
+## keepMetadata
+> keepMetadata() ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>
+
+Keep all metadata (EXIF, ICC, XMP, IPTC) from the input image in the output image.
+
+The default behaviour, when `keepMetadata` is not used, is to convert to the device-independent
+sRGB colour space and strip all metadata, including the removal of any ICC profile.
+
+
+**Since**: 0.33.0  
+**Example**  
+```js
+const outputWithMetadata = await sharp(inputWithMetadata)
+  .keepMetadata()
+  .toBuffer();
+```
+
+
 ## withMetadata
 > withMetadata([options]) ⇒ <code>Sharp</code>

-Include all metadata (EXIF, XMP, IPTC) from the input image in the output image.
-This will also convert to and add a web-friendly sRGB ICC profile if appropriate,
-unless a custom output profile is provided.
+Keep most metadata (EXIF, XMP, IPTC) from the input image in the output image.

-The default behaviour, when `withMetadata` is not used, is to convert to the device-independent
-sRGB colour space and strip all metadata, including the removal of any ICC profile.
+This will also convert to and add a web-friendly sRGB ICC profile if appropriate.

-EXIF metadata is unsupported for TIFF output.
+Allows orientation and density to be set or updated.


 **Throws**:
@@ -129,38 +269,16 @@ EXIF metadata is unsupported for TIFF output.
 - <code>Error</code> Invalid parameters


-| Param | Type | Default | Description |
-| --- | --- | --- | --- |
-| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  |  |
-| [options.orientation] | <code>number</code> |  | value between 1 and 8, used to update the EXIF `Orientation` tag. |
-| [options.icc] | <code>string</code> | <code>&quot;&#x27;srgb&#x27;&quot;</code> | Filesystem path to output ICC profile, relative to `process.cwd()`, defaults to built-in sRGB. |
-| [options.exif] | <code>Object.&lt;Object&gt;</code> | <code>{}</code> | Object keyed by IFD0, IFD1 etc. of key/value string pairs to write as EXIF data. |
-| [options.density] | <code>number</code> |  | Number of pixels per inch (DPI). |
+| Param | Type | Description |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| [options] | <code>Object</code> |  |
+| [options.orientation] | <code>number</code> | Used to update the EXIF `Orientation` tag, integer between 1 and 8. |
+| [options.density] | <code>number</code> | Number of pixels per inch (DPI). |

 **Example**  
 ```js
-sharp('input.jpg')
+const outputSrgbWithMetadata = await sharp(inputRgbWithMetadata)
  .withMetadata()
-  .toFile('output-with-metadata.jpg')
-  .then(info => { ... });
-```
-**Example**  
-```js
-// Set output EXIF metadata
-const data = await sharp(input)
-  .withMetadata({
-    exif: {
-      IFD0: {
-        Copyright: 'The National Gallery'
-      },
-      IFD3: {
-        GPSLatitudeRef: 'N',
-        GPSLatitude: '51/1 30/1 3230/100',
-        GPSLongitudeRef: 'W',
-        GPSLongitude: '0/1 7/1 4366/100'
-      }
-    }
-  })
  .toBuffer();
 ```
 **Example**  
--- a/docs/changelog.md
+++ b/docs/changelog.md
@@ -4,7 +4,12 @@

 Requires libvips v8.15.0

-### v0.33.0 - TBD
+### v0.33.1 - TBD
+
+* Add support for Yarn Plug'n'Play filesystem layout.
+  [#3888](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3888)
+
+### v0.33.0 - 29th November 2023

 * Drop support for Node.js 14 and 16, now requires Node.js >= 18.17.0

@@ -14,9 +19,18 @@ Requires libvips v8.15.0

 * Remove `sharp.vendor`.

+* Partially deprecate `withMetadata()`, use `withExif()` and `withIccProfile()`.
+
+* Add experimental support for WebAssembly-based runtimes.
+  [@RReverser](https://github.com/RReverser)
+
 * Options for `trim` operation must be an Object, add new `lineArt` option.
  [#2363](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/2363)

+* Improve luminance of `tint` operation with weighting function.
+  [#3338](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3338)
+  [@jcupitt](https://github.com/jcupitt)
+
 * Ensure all `Error` objects contain a `stack` property.
  [#3653](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3653)

@@ -34,6 +48,9 @@ Requires libvips v8.15.0
  [#3823](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/pull/3823)
  [@uhthomas](https://github.com/uhthomas)

+* Add more fine-grained control over output metadata.
+  [#3824](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3824)
+
 * Ensure multi-page extract remains sequential.
  [#3837](https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3837)

--- a/docs/humans.txt
+++ b/docs/humans.txt
@@ -278,3 +278,6 @@ GitHub: https://github.com/bianjunjie1981

 Name: Dennis Beatty
 GitHub: https://github.com/dnsbty
+
+Name: Ingvar Stepanyan
+GitHub: https://github.com/RReverser
--- a/docs/install.md
+++ b/docs/install.md
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@

 Works with your choice of JavaScript package manager.

+> ⚠️  **Please ensure your package manager is configured to install optional dependencies**
+
 ```sh
 npm install sharp
 ```
@@ -11,7 +13,12 @@ pnpm add sharp
 ```

 ```sh
-yarn add sharp # v3 recommended, Plug'n'Play unsupported
+yarn add sharp
+```
+
+```sh
+# yarn v1 (maintenance mode)
+yarn add sharp --ignore-engines
 ```

 ```sh
@@ -42,6 +49,36 @@ Ready-compiled sharp and libvips binaries are provided for use on the most commo
 This provides support for the
 JPEG, PNG, WebP, AVIF (limited to 8-bit depth), TIFF, GIF and SVG (input) image formats.

+## Cross-platform
+
+At install time, package managers will automatically select prebuilt binaries for the current OS platform and CPU architecture, where available.
+
+Some package managers support multiple platforms and architectures within the same installation tree.
+
+### npm
+
+Use the `--os`, `--cpu` and `--libc` flags:
+
+Example to support both Intel and ARM CPUs on macOS:
+```sh
+npm install --cpu=x64 --os=darwin  sharp
+npm install --cpu=arm64 --os=darwin sharp
+```
+
+Example to support both glibc and musl-based Linux:
+```sh
+npm install --cpu=x64 --os=linux sharp
+npm install --cpu=x64 --os=linux --libc=musl sharp
+```
+
+### yarn
+
+Use the [supportedArchitectures](https://yarnpkg.com/configuration/yarnrc#supportedArchitectures) configuration.
+
+### pnpm
+
+Use the [supportedArchitectures](https://pnpm.io/package_json#pnpmsupportedarchitectures) configuration.
+
 ## Custom libvips

 To use a custom, globally-installed version of libvips instead of the provided binaries,
@@ -78,6 +115,19 @@ For cross-compiling, the `--platform`, `--arch` and `--libc` npm flags
 (or the `npm_config_platform`, `npm_config_arch` and `npm_config_libc` environment variables)
 can be used to configure the target environment.

+## WebAssembly
+
+Experimental support is provided for runtime environments that provide
+multi-threaded Wasm via Workers.
+
+Use in web browsers is unsupported.
+
+Native text rendering is unsupported.
+
+```sh
+npm install --cpu=wasm32 sharp
+```
+
 ## FreeBSD

 The `vips` package must be installed before `npm install` is run.
@@ -117,6 +167,16 @@ depending on the chosen architecture.
 When building your deployment package on a machine that differs from the target architecture,
 you will need to install either `@img/sharp-linux-x64` or `@img/sharp-linux-arm64` package.

+```sh
+npm install --os=linux --cpu=x64 sharp
+```
+
+```sh
+npm install --os=linux --cpu=arm64 sharp
+```
+
+When using npm 9 or earlier, this can be achieved using the following:
+
 ```sh
 npm install --force @img/sharp-linux-x64
 ```
@@ -174,7 +234,7 @@ custom:
      - sharp
    packagerOptions:
      scripts:
-        - npm install --force @img/sharp-linux-x64
+        - npm install --os=linux --cpu=x64 sharp
 ```

 ## TypeScript
@@ -213,19 +273,6 @@ use the `FONTCONFIG_PATH` environment variable to point to a custom location.

 Embedded SVG fonts are unsupported.

-## Worker threads
-
-On some platforms, including glibc-based Linux,
-the main thread must call `require('sharp')`
-_before_ worker threads are created.
-This is to ensure shared libraries remain loaded in memory
-until after all threads are complete.
-
-Without this, the following error may occur:
-```
-Module did not self-register
-```
-
 ## Known conflicts

 ### Canvas and Windows
--- a/docs/performance.md
+++ b/docs/performance.md
@@ -9,26 +9,26 @@ The I/O limits of the relevant (de)compression library will generally determine

 ## Contenders

-* [jimp](https://www.npmjs.com/package/jimp) v0.22.7 - Image processing in pure JavaScript.
+* [jimp](https://www.npmjs.com/package/jimp) v0.22.10 - Image processing in pure JavaScript.
 * [imagemagick](https://www.npmjs.com/package/imagemagick) v0.1.3 - Supports filesystem only and "*has been unmaintained for a long time*".
 * [gm](https://www.npmjs.com/package/gm) v1.25.0 - Fully featured wrapper around GraphicsMagick's `gm` command line utility.
-* [@squoosh/lib](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@squoosh/lib) v0.4.0 - Image libraries transpiled to WebAssembly, includes GPLv3 code, but "*Project no longer maintained*".
+* [@squoosh/lib](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@squoosh/lib) v0.5.3 - Image libraries transpiled to WebAssembly, includes GPLv3 code, but "*Project no longer maintained*".
 * [@squoosh/cli](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@squoosh/cli) v0.7.3 - Command line wrapper around `@squoosh/lib`, avoids GPLv3 by spawning process, but "*Project no longer maintained*".
-* sharp v0.32.0 / libvips v8.14.2 - Caching within libvips disabled to ensure a fair comparison.
+* sharp v0.33.0 / libvips v8.15.0 - Caching within libvips disabled to ensure a fair comparison.

 ## Environment

 ### AMD64

-* AWS EC2 us-east-2 [c6a.xlarge](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/c6a/) (4x AMD EPYC 7R13)
-* Ubuntu 22.04 20230303 (ami-0122295b0eb922138)
-* Node.js 16.19.1
+* AWS EC2 us-east-2 [c7a.xlarge](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/c7a/) (4x AMD EPYC 9R14)
+* Ubuntu 23.10 [13f233a16be2](https://hub.docker.com/layers/library/ubuntu/23.10/images/sha256-13f233a16be210b57907b98b0d927ceff7571df390701e14fe1f3901b2c4a4d7)
+* Node.js 20.10.0

 ### ARM64

 * AWS EC2 us-east-2 [c7g.xlarge](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/c7g/) (4x ARM Graviton3)
-* Ubuntu 22.04 20230303 (ami-0af198159897e7a29)
-* Node.js 16.19.1
+* Ubuntu 23.10 [7708743264cb](https://hub.docker.com/layers/library/ubuntu/23.10/images/sha256-7708743264cbb7f6cf7fc13e915faece45a6cdda455748bc55e58e8de3d27b63)
+* Node.js 20.10.0

 ## Task: JPEG

@@ -43,28 +43,28 @@ Note: jimp does not support Lanczos 3, bicubic resampling used instead.
 | Module             | Input  | Output | Ops/sec | Speed-up |
 | :----------------- | :----- | :----- | ------: | -------: |
 | jimp               | buffer | buffer |    0.84 |      1.0 |
-| squoosh-cli        | file   | file   |    1.07 |      1.3 |
-| squoosh-lib        | buffer | buffer |    1.82 |      2.2 |
-| gm                 | buffer | buffer |    8.41 |     10.0 |
-| gm                 | file   | file   |    8.45 |     10.0 |
-| imagemagick        | file   | file   |    8.77 |     10.4 |
-| sharp              | stream | stream |   36.36 |     43.3 |
-| sharp              | file   | file   |   38.67 |     46.0 |
-| sharp              | buffer | buffer |   39.44 |     47.0 |
+| squoosh-cli        | file   | file   |    1.54 |      1.8 |
+| squoosh-lib        | buffer | buffer |    2.24 |      2.7 |
+| imagemagick        | file   | file   |   11.75 |     14.0 |
+| gm                 | buffer | buffer |   12.66 |     15.1 |
+| gm                 | file   | file   |   12.72 |     15.1 |
+| sharp              | stream | stream |   48.31 |     57.5 |
+| sharp              | file   | file   |   51.42 |     61.2 |
+| sharp              | buffer | buffer |   52.41 |     62.4 |

 #### Results: JPEG (ARM64)

 | Module             | Input  | Output | Ops/sec | Speed-up |
 | :----------------- | :----- | :----- | ------: | -------: |
-| jimp               | buffer | buffer |    1.02 |      1.0 |
-| squoosh-cli        | file   | file   |    1.11 |      1.1 |
-| squoosh-lib        | buffer | buffer |    2.08 |      2.0 |
-| gm                 | buffer | buffer |    8.80 |      8.6 |
-| gm                 | file   | file   |   10.05 |      9.9 |
-| imagemagick        | file   | file   |   10.28 |     10.1 |
-| sharp              | stream | stream |   26.87 |     26.3 |
-| sharp              | file   | file   |   27.88 |     27.3 |
-| sharp              | buffer | buffer |   28.40 |     27.8 |
+| jimp               | buffer | buffer |    0.88 |      1.0 |
+| squoosh-cli        | file   | file   |    1.18 |      1.3 |
+| squoosh-lib        | buffer | buffer |    1.99 |      2.3 |
+| gm                 | buffer | buffer |    6.06 |      6.9 |
+| gm                 | file   | file   |   10.81 |     12.3 |
+| imagemagick        | file   | file   |   10.95 |     12.4 |
+| sharp              | stream | stream |   33.15 |     37.7 |
+| sharp              | file   | file   |   34.99 |     39.8 |
+| sharp              | buffer | buffer |   36.05 |     41.0 |

 ## Task: PNG

@@ -80,25 +80,25 @@ Note: jimp does not support premultiply/unpremultiply.

 | Module             | Input  | Output | Ops/sec | Speed-up |
 | :----------------- | :----- | :----- | ------: | -------: |
-| squoosh-cli        | file   | file   |    0.40 |      1.0 |
-| squoosh-lib        | buffer | buffer |    0.47 |      1.2 |
-| gm                 | file   | file   |    6.47 |     16.2 |
-| jimp               | buffer | buffer |    6.60 |     16.5 |
-| imagemagick        | file   | file   |    7.08 |     17.7 |
-| sharp              | file   | file   |   17.80 |     44.5 |
-| sharp              | buffer | buffer |   18.02 |     45.0 |
+| squoosh-cli        | file   | file   |    0.34 |      1.0 |
+| squoosh-lib        | buffer | buffer |    0.51 |      1.5 |
+| jimp               | buffer | buffer |    3.59 |     10.6 |
+| gm                 | file   | file   |    8.54 |     25.1 |
+| imagemagick        | file   | file   |    9.23 |     27.1 |
+| sharp              | file   | file   |   25.43 |     74.8 |
+| sharp              | buffer | buffer |   25.70 |     75.6 |

 ### Results: PNG (ARM64)

 | Module             | Input  | Output | Ops/sec | Speed-up |
 | :----------------- | :----- | :----- | ------: | -------: |
-| squoosh-cli        | file   | file   |    0.40 |      1.0 |
-| squoosh-lib        | buffer | buffer |    0.48 |      1.2 |
-| gm                 | file   | file   |    7.20 |     18.0 |
-| jimp               | buffer | buffer |    7.62 |     19.1 |
-| imagemagick        | file   | file   |    7.96 |     19.9 |
-| sharp              | file   | file   |   12.97 |     32.4 |
-| sharp              | buffer | buffer |   13.12 |     32.8 |
+| squoosh-cli        | file   | file   |    0.33 |      1.0 |
+| squoosh-lib        | buffer | buffer |    0.46 |      1.4 |
+| jimp               | buffer | buffer |    3.51 |     10.6 |
+| gm                 | file   | file   |    7.47 |     22.6 |
+| imagemagick        | file   | file   |    8.06 |     24.4 |
+| sharp              | file   | file   |   17.31 |     52.5 |
+| sharp              | buffer | buffer |   17.66 |     53.5 |

 ## Running the benchmark test

--- a/docs/search-index.json
+++ b/docs/search-index.json
--- a/lib/colour.js
+++ b/lib/colour.js
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ const colourspace = {
 };

 /**
- * Tint the image using the provided chroma while preserving the image luminance.
+ * Tint the image using the provided colour.
 * An alpha channel may be present and will be unchanged by the operation.
 *
 * @example
@@ -27,14 +27,12 @@ const colourspace = {
 *   .tint({ r: 255, g: 240, b: 16 })
 *   .toBuffer();
 *
- * @param {string|Object} rgb - parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module to extract chroma values.
+ * @param {string|Object} tint - Parsed by the [color](https://www.npmjs.org/package/color) module.
 * @returns {Sharp}
 * @throws {Error} Invalid parameter
 */
-function tint (rgb) {
-  const colour = color(rgb);
-  this.options.tintA = colour.a();
-  this.options.tintB = colour.b();
+function tint (tint) {
+  this._setBackgroundColourOption('tint', tint);
  return this;
 }

--- a/lib/constructor.js
+++ b/lib/constructor.js
@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@ const debuglog = util.debuglog('sharp');
 *
 * Implements the [stream.Duplex](http://nodejs.org/api/stream.html#stream_class_stream_duplex) class.
 *
+ * When loading more than one page/frame of an animated image,
+ * these are combined as a vertically-stacked "toilet roll" image
+ * where the overall height is the `pageHeight` multiplied by the number of `pages`.
+ *
 * @constructs Sharp
 *
 * @emits Sharp#info
@@ -212,8 +216,7 @@ const Sharp = function (input, options) {
    kernel: 'lanczos3',
    fastShrinkOnLoad: true,
    // operations
-    tintA: 128,
-    tintB: 128,
+    tint: [-1, 0, 0, 0],
    flatten: false,
    flattenBackground: [0, 0, 0],
    unflatten: false,
@@ -258,11 +261,12 @@ const Sharp = function (input, options) {
    fileOut: '',
    formatOut: 'input',
    streamOut: false,
-    withMetadata: false,
+    keepMetadata: 0,
    withMetadataOrientation: -1,
    withMetadataDensity: 0,
-    withMetadataIcc: '',
-    withMetadataStrs: {},
+    withIccProfile: '',
+    withExif: {},
+    withExifMerge: true,
    resolveWithObject: false,
    // output format
    jpegQuality: 80,
--- a/lib/index.d.ts
+++ b/lib/index.d.ts
@@ -239,12 +239,12 @@ declare namespace sharp {
        //#region Color functions

        /**
-         * Tint the image using the provided chroma while preserving the image luminance.
+         * Tint the image using the provided colour.
         * An alpha channel may be present and will be unchanged by the operation.
-         * @param rgb Parsed by the color module to extract chroma values.
+         * @param tint Parsed by the color module.
         * @returns A sharp instance that can be used to chain operations
         */
-        tint(rgb: Color): Sharp;
+        tint(tint: Color): Sharp;

        /**
         * Convert to 8-bit greyscale; 256 shades of grey.
@@ -633,6 +633,43 @@ declare namespace sharp {
         */
        toBuffer(options: { resolveWithObject: true }): Promise<{ data: Buffer; info: OutputInfo }>;

+        /**
+         * Keep all EXIF metadata from the input image in the output image.
+         * EXIF metadata is unsupported for TIFF output.
+         * @returns A sharp instance that can be used to chain operations
+         */
+        keepExif(): Sharp;
+
+        /**
+         * Set EXIF metadata in the output image, ignoring any EXIF in the input image.
+         * @param {Exif} exif Object keyed by IFD0, IFD1 etc. of key/value string pairs to write as EXIF data.
+         * @returns A sharp instance that can be used to chain operations
+         * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters
+         */
+        withExif(exif: Exif): Sharp;
+
+        /**
+         * Update EXIF metadata from the input image in the output image.
+         * @param {Exif} exif Object keyed by IFD0, IFD1 etc. of key/value string pairs to write as EXIF data.
+         * @returns A sharp instance that can be used to chain operations
+         * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters
+         */
+        withExifMerge(exif: Exif): Sharp;
+
+        /**
+         * Keep ICC profile from the input image in the output image where possible.
+         * @returns A sharp instance that can be used to chain operations
+         */
+        keepIccProfile(): Sharp;
+
+        /**
+         * Transform using an ICC profile and attach to the output image.
+         * @param {string} icc - Absolute filesystem path to output ICC profile or built-in profile name (srgb, p3, cmyk).
+         * @returns A sharp instance that can be used to chain operations
+         * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters
+         */
+        withIccProfile(icc: string, options?: WithIccProfileOptions): Sharp;
+
        /**
         * Include all metadata (EXIF, XMP, IPTC) from the input image in the output image.
         * The default behaviour, when withMetadata is not used, is to strip all metadata and convert to the device-independent sRGB colour space.
@@ -640,7 +677,7 @@ declare namespace sharp {
         * @param withMetadata
         * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters.
         */
-        withMetadata(withMetadata?: boolean | WriteableMetadata): Sharp;
+        withMetadata(withMetadata?: WriteableMetadata): Sharp;

        /**
         * Use these JPEG options for output image.
@@ -978,15 +1015,32 @@ declare namespace sharp {
        wrap?: TextWrap;
    }

+    interface ExifDir {
+        [k: string]: string;
+    }
+
+    interface Exif {
+        'IFD0'?: ExifDir;
+        'IFD1'?: ExifDir;
+        'IFD2'?: ExifDir;
+        'IFD3'?: ExifDir;
+    }
+
    interface WriteableMetadata {
-        /** Value between 1 and 8, used to update the EXIF Orientation tag. */
-        orientation?: number | undefined;
-        /** Filesystem path to output ICC profile, defaults to sRGB. */
-        icc?: string | undefined;
-        /** Object keyed by IFD0, IFD1 etc. of key/value string pairs to write as EXIF data. (optional, default {}) */
-        exif?: Record<string, any> | undefined;
        /** Number of pixels per inch (DPI) */
        density?: number | undefined;
+        /** Value between 1 and 8, used to update the EXIF Orientation tag. */
+        orientation?: number | undefined;
+        /**
+         * Filesystem path to output ICC profile, defaults to sRGB.
+         * @deprecated Use `withIccProfile()` instead.
+        */
+        icc?: string | undefined;
+        /**
+         * Object keyed by IFD0, IFD1 etc. of key/value string pairs to write as EXIF data.
+         * @deprecated Use `withExif()` or `withExifMerge()` instead.
+         */
+        exif?: Exif | undefined;
    }

    interface Metadata {
@@ -1096,6 +1150,11 @@ declare namespace sharp {
        force?: boolean | undefined;
    }

+    interface WithIccProfileOptions {
+        /**  Should the ICC profile be included in the output image metadata? (optional, default true) */
+        attach?: boolean | undefined;
+    }
+
    interface JpegOptions extends OutputOptions {
        /** Quality, integer 1-100 (optional, default 80) */
        quality?: number | undefined;
--- a/lib/libvips.js
+++ b/lib/libvips.js
@@ -4,11 +4,12 @@
 'use strict';

 const { spawnSync } = require('node:child_process');
+const { createHash } = require('node:crypto');
 const semverCoerce = require('semver/functions/coerce');
 const semverGreaterThanOrEqualTo = require('semver/functions/gte');
 const detectLibc = require('detect-libc');

-const { engines } = require('../package.json');
+const { engines, optionalDependencies } = require('../package.json');

 const minimumLibvipsVersionLabelled = process.env.npm_package_config_libvips || /* istanbul ignore next */
  engines.libvips;
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ const minimumLibvipsVersion = semverCoerce(minimumLibvipsVersionLabelled).versio

 const prebuiltPlatforms = [
  'darwin-arm64', 'darwin-x64',
-  'linux-arm', 'linux-arm64', 'linux-x64',
+  'linux-arm', 'linux-arm64', 'linux-s390x', 'linux-x64',
  'linuxmusl-arm64', 'linuxmusl-x64',
  'win32-ia32', 'win32-x64'
 ];
@@ -41,15 +42,23 @@ const runtimePlatformArch = () => `${process.platform}${runtimeLibc()}-${process

 /* istanbul ignore next */
 const buildPlatformArch = () => {
+  if (isEmscripten()) {
+    return 'wasm32';
+  }
  /* eslint camelcase: ["error", { allow: ["^npm_config_"] }] */
  const { npm_config_arch, npm_config_platform, npm_config_libc } = process.env;
-  return `${npm_config_platform || process.platform}${npm_config_libc || runtimeLibc()}-${npm_config_arch || process.arch}`;
+  const libc = typeof npm_config_libc === 'string' ? npm_config_libc : runtimeLibc();
+  return `${npm_config_platform || process.platform}${libc}-${npm_config_arch || process.arch}`;
 };

 const buildSharpLibvipsIncludeDir = () => {
  try {
-    return require('@img/sharp-libvips-dev/include');
-  } catch {}
+    return require(`@img/sharp-libvips-dev-${buildPlatformArch()}/include`);
+  } catch {
+    try {
+      return require('@img/sharp-libvips-dev/include');
+    } catch {}
+  }
  /* istanbul ignore next */
  return '';
 };
@@ -64,12 +73,22 @@ const buildSharpLibvipsCPlusPlusDir = () => {

 const buildSharpLibvipsLibDir = () => {
  try {
-    return require(`@img/sharp-libvips-${buildPlatformArch()}/lib`);
-  } catch {}
+    return require(`@img/sharp-libvips-dev-${buildPlatformArch()}/lib`);
+  } catch {
+    try {
+      return require(`@img/sharp-libvips-${buildPlatformArch()}/lib`);
+    } catch {}
+  }
  /* istanbul ignore next */
  return '';
 };

+/* istanbul ignore next */
+const isEmscripten = () => {
+  const { CC } = process.env;
+  return Boolean(CC && CC.endsWith('/emcc'));
+};
+
 const isRosetta = () => {
  /* istanbul ignore next */
  if (process.platform === 'darwin' && process.arch === 'x64') {
@@ -79,9 +98,20 @@ const isRosetta = () => {
  return false;
 };

+const sha512 = (s) => createHash('sha512').update(s).digest('hex');
+
+const yarnLocator = () => {
+  try {
+    const identHash = sha512(`imgsharp-libvips-${buildPlatformArch()}`);
+    const npmVersion = semverCoerce(optionalDependencies[`@img/sharp-libvips-${buildPlatformArch()}`]).version;
+    return sha512(`${identHash}npm:${npmVersion}`).slice(0, 10);
+  } catch {}
+  return '';
+};
+
 /* istanbul ignore next */
 const spawnRebuild = () =>
-  spawnSync('node-gyp rebuild --directory=src', {
+  spawnSync(`node-gyp rebuild --directory=src ${isEmscripten() ? '--nodedir=emscripten' : ''}`, {
    ...spawnSyncOptions,
    stdio: 'inherit'
  }).status;
@@ -146,6 +176,7 @@ module.exports = {
  buildSharpLibvipsLibDir,
  runtimePlatformArch,
  log,
+  yarnLocator,
  spawnRebuild,
  globalLibvipsVersion,
  pkgConfigPath,
--- a/lib/output.js
+++ b/lib/output.js
@@ -163,39 +163,185 @@ function toBuffer (options, callback) {
 }

 /**
- * Include all metadata (EXIF, XMP, IPTC) from the input image in the output image.
- * This will also convert to and add a web-friendly sRGB ICC profile if appropriate,
- * unless a custom output profile is provided.
- *
- * The default behaviour, when `withMetadata` is not used, is to convert to the device-independent
- * sRGB colour space and strip all metadata, including the removal of any ICC profile.
+ * Keep all EXIF metadata from the input image in the output image.
 *
 * EXIF metadata is unsupported for TIFF output.
 *
- * @example
- * sharp('input.jpg')
- *   .withMetadata()
- *   .toFile('output-with-metadata.jpg')
- *   .then(info => { ... });
+ * @since 0.33.0
 *
 * @example
- * // Set output EXIF metadata
- * const data = await sharp(input)
- *   .withMetadata({
- *     exif: {
- *       IFD0: {
- *         Copyright: 'The National Gallery'
- *       },
- *       IFD3: {
- *         GPSLatitudeRef: 'N',
- *         GPSLatitude: '51/1 30/1 3230/100',
- *         GPSLongitudeRef: 'W',
- *         GPSLongitude: '0/1 7/1 4366/100'
- *       }
+ * const outputWithExif = await sharp(inputWithExif)
+ *   .keepExif()
+ *   .toBuffer();
+ *
+ * @returns {Sharp}
+ */
+function keepExif () {
+  this.options.keepMetadata |= 0b00001;
+  return this;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Set EXIF metadata in the output image, ignoring any EXIF in the input image.
+ *
+ * @since 0.33.0
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const dataWithExif = await sharp(input)
+ *   .withExif({
+ *     IFD0: {
+ *       Copyright: 'The National Gallery'
+ *     },
+ *     IFD3: {
+ *       GPSLatitudeRef: 'N',
+ *       GPSLatitude: '51/1 30/1 3230/100',
+ *       GPSLongitudeRef: 'W',
+ *       GPSLongitude: '0/1 7/1 4366/100'
 *     }
 *   })
 *   .toBuffer();
 *
+ * @param {Object<string, Object<string, string>>} exif Object keyed by IFD0, IFD1 etc. of key/value string pairs to write as EXIF data.
+ * @returns {Sharp}
+ * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters
+ */
+function withExif (exif) {
+  if (is.object(exif)) {
+    for (const [ifd, entries] of Object.entries(exif)) {
+      if (is.object(entries)) {
+        for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(entries)) {
+          if (is.string(v)) {
+            this.options.withExif[`exif-${ifd.toLowerCase()}-${k}`] = v;
+          } else {
+            throw is.invalidParameterError(`${ifd}.${k}`, 'string', v);
+          }
+        }
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError(ifd, 'object', entries);
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    throw is.invalidParameterError('exif', 'object', exif);
+  }
+  this.options.withExifMerge = false;
+  return this.keepExif();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Update EXIF metadata from the input image in the output image.
+ *
+ * @since 0.33.0
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const dataWithMergedExif = await sharp(inputWithExif)
+ *   .withExifMerge({
+ *     IFD0: {
+ *       Copyright: 'The National Gallery'
+ *     }
+ *   })
+ *   .toBuffer();
+ *
+ * @param {Object<string, Object<string, string>>} exif Object keyed by IFD0, IFD1 etc. of key/value string pairs to write as EXIF data.
+ * @returns {Sharp}
+ * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters
+ */
+function withExifMerge (exif) {
+  this.withExif(exif);
+  this.options.withExifMerge = true;
+  return this;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Keep ICC profile from the input image in the output image.
+ *
+ * Where necessary, will attempt to convert the output colour space to match the profile.
+ *
+ * @since 0.33.0
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const outputWithIccProfile = await sharp(inputWithIccProfile)
+ *   .keepIccProfile()
+ *   .toBuffer();
+ *
+ * @returns {Sharp}
+ */
+function keepIccProfile () {
+  this.options.keepMetadata |= 0b01000;
+  return this;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Transform using an ICC profile and attach to the output image.
+ *
+ * This can either be an absolute filesystem path or
+ * built-in profile name (`srgb`, `p3`, `cmyk`).
+ *
+ * @since 0.33.0
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const outputWithP3 = await sharp(input)
+ *   .withIccProfile('p3')
+ *   .toBuffer();
+ *
+ * @param {string} icc - Absolute filesystem path to output ICC profile or built-in profile name (srgb, p3, cmyk).
+ * @param {Object} [options]
+ * @param {number} [options.attach=true] Should the ICC profile be included in the output image metadata?
+ * @returns {Sharp}
+ * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters
+ */
+function withIccProfile (icc, options) {
+  if (is.string(icc)) {
+    this.options.withIccProfile = icc;
+  } else {
+    throw is.invalidParameterError('icc', 'string', icc);
+  }
+  this.keepIccProfile();
+  if (is.object(options)) {
+    if (is.defined(options.attach)) {
+      if (is.bool(options.attach)) {
+        if (!options.attach) {
+          this.options.keepMetadata &= ~0b01000;
+        }
+      } else {
+        throw is.invalidParameterError('attach', 'boolean', options.attach);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return this;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Keep all metadata (EXIF, ICC, XMP, IPTC) from the input image in the output image.
+ *
+ * The default behaviour, when `keepMetadata` is not used, is to convert to the device-independent
+ * sRGB colour space and strip all metadata, including the removal of any ICC profile.
+ *
+ * @since 0.33.0
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const outputWithMetadata = await sharp(inputWithMetadata)
+ *   .keepMetadata()
+ *   .toBuffer();
+ *
+ * @returns {Sharp}
+ */
+function keepMetadata () {
+  this.options.keepMetadata = 0b11111;
+  return this;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Keep most metadata (EXIF, XMP, IPTC) from the input image in the output image.
+ *
+ * This will also convert to and add a web-friendly sRGB ICC profile if appropriate.
+ *
+ * Allows orientation and density to be set or updated.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * const outputSrgbWithMetadata = await sharp(inputRgbWithMetadata)
+ *   .withMetadata()
+ *   .toBuffer();
+ *
 * @example
 * // Set output metadata to 96 DPI
 * const data = await sharp(input)
@@ -203,15 +349,14 @@ function toBuffer (options, callback) {
 *   .toBuffer();
 *
 * @param {Object} [options]
- * @param {number} [options.orientation] value between 1 and 8, used to update the EXIF `Orientation` tag.
- * @param {string} [options.icc='srgb'] Filesystem path to output ICC profile, relative to `process.cwd()`, defaults to built-in sRGB.
- * @param {Object<Object>} [options.exif={}] Object keyed by IFD0, IFD1 etc. of key/value string pairs to write as EXIF data.
+ * @param {number} [options.orientation] Used to update the EXIF `Orientation` tag, integer between 1 and 8.
 * @param {number} [options.density] Number of pixels per inch (DPI).
 * @returns {Sharp}
 * @throws {Error} Invalid parameters
 */
 function withMetadata (options) {
-  this.options.withMetadata = is.bool(options) ? options : true;
+  this.keepMetadata();
+  this.withIccProfile('srgb');
  if (is.object(options)) {
    if (is.defined(options.orientation)) {
      if (is.integer(options.orientation) && is.inRange(options.orientation, 1, 8)) {
@@ -228,30 +373,10 @@ function withMetadata (options) {
      }
    }
    if (is.defined(options.icc)) {
-      if (is.string(options.icc)) {
-        this.options.withMetadataIcc = options.icc;
-      } else {
-        throw is.invalidParameterError('icc', 'string filesystem path to ICC profile', options.icc);
-      }
+      this.withIccProfile(options.icc);
    }
    if (is.defined(options.exif)) {
-      if (is.object(options.exif)) {
-        for (const [ifd, entries] of Object.entries(options.exif)) {
-          if (is.object(entries)) {
-            for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(entries)) {
-              if (is.string(v)) {
-                this.options.withMetadataStrs[`exif-${ifd.toLowerCase()}-${k}`] = v;
-              } else {
-                throw is.invalidParameterError(`exif.${ifd}.${k}`, 'string', v);
-              }
-            }
-          } else {
-            throw is.invalidParameterError(`exif.${ifd}`, 'object', entries);
-          }
-        }
-      } else {
-        throw is.invalidParameterError('exif', 'object', options.exif);
-      }
+      this.withExifMerge(options.exif);
    }
  }
  return this;
@@ -1407,6 +1532,12 @@ module.exports = function (Sharp) {
    // Public
    toFile,
    toBuffer,
+    keepExif,
+    withExif,
+    withExifMerge,
+    keepIccProfile,
+    withIccProfile,
+    keepMetadata,
    withMetadata,
    toFormat,
    jpeg,
--- a/lib/sharp.js
+++ b/lib/sharp.js
@@ -9,61 +9,101 @@ const { familySync, versionSync } = require('detect-libc');

 const { runtimePlatformArch, prebuiltPlatforms, minimumLibvipsVersion } = require('./libvips');
 const runtimePlatform = runtimePlatformArch();
-const [isLinux, isMacOs, isWindows] = ['linux', 'darwin', 'win32'].map(os => runtimePlatform.startsWith(os));

-/* istanbul ignore next */
-try {
-  // Check for local build
-  module.exports = require(`../src/build/Release/sharp-${runtimePlatform}.node`);
-} catch (errLocal) {
+const paths = [
+  `../src/build/Release/sharp-${runtimePlatform}.node`,
+  '../src/build/Release/sharp-wasm32.node',
+  `@img/sharp-${runtimePlatform}/sharp.node`,
+  '@img/sharp-wasm32/sharp.node'
+];
+
+let sharp;
+const errors = [];
+for (const path of paths) {
  try {
-    // Check for runtime package
-    module.exports = require(`@img/sharp-${runtimePlatform}/sharp.node`);
-  } catch (errPackage) {
-    const help = ['Could not load the "sharp" module at runtime'];
-    if (errLocal.code !== 'MODULE_NOT_FOUND') {
-      help.push(`${errLocal.code}: ${errLocal.message}`);
-    }
-    if (errPackage.code !== 'MODULE_NOT_FOUND') {
-      help.push(`${errPackage.code}: ${errPackage.message}`);
-    }
-    help.push('Possible solutions:');
-    // Common error messages
-    if (prebuiltPlatforms.includes(runtimePlatform)) {
-      help.push('- Add an explicit dependency for the runtime platform:');
-      help.push(`    npm install --force @img/sharp-${runtimePlatform}`);
-    } else {
-      help.push(`- The ${runtimePlatform} platform requires manual installation of libvips >= ${minimumLibvipsVersion}`);
-    }
-    if (isLinux && /symbol not found/i.test(errPackage)) {
-      try {
-        const { engines } = require(`@img/sharp-libvips-${runtimePlatform}/package`);
-        const libcFound = `${familySync()} ${versionSync()}`;
-        const libcRequires = `${engines.musl ? 'musl' : 'glibc'} ${engines.musl || engines.glibc}`;
-        help.push('- Update your OS:');
-        help.push(`    Found ${libcFound}`);
-        help.push(`    Requires ${libcRequires}`);
-      } catch (errEngines) {}
-    }
-    if (isMacOs && /Incompatible library version/.test(errLocal.message)) {
-      help.push('- Update Homebrew:');
-      help.push('    brew update && brew upgrade vips');
-    }
-    if (errPackage.code === 'ERR_DLOPEN_DISABLED') {
-      help.push('- Run Node.js without using the --no-addons flag');
-    }
-    if (process.versions.pnp) {
-      help.push('- Use a supported yarn linker, either pnpm or node-modules:');
-      help.push('    yarn config set nodeLinker node-modules');
-    }
-    // Link to installation docs
-    if (isLinux && /Module did not self-register/.test(errLocal.message + errPackage.message)) {
-      help.push('- Using worker threads on Linux? See https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install#worker-threads');
-    } else if (isWindows && /The specified procedure could not be found/.test(errPackage.message)) {
-      help.push('- Using the canvas package on Windows? See https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install#canvas-and-windows');
-    } else {
-      help.push('- Consult the installation documentation: https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install');
-    }
-    throw new Error(help.join('\n'));
+    sharp = require(path);
+    break;
+  } catch (err) {
+    /* istanbul ignore next */
+    errors.push(err);
  }
 }
+
+/* istanbul ignore next */
+if (sharp) {
+  module.exports = sharp;
+} else {
+  const [isLinux, isMacOs, isWindows] = ['linux', 'darwin', 'win32'].map(os => runtimePlatform.startsWith(os));
+
+  const help = [`Could not load the "sharp" module using the ${runtimePlatform} runtime`];
+  errors.forEach(err => {
+    if (err.code !== 'MODULE_NOT_FOUND') {
+      help.push(`${err.code}: ${err.message}`);
+    }
+  });
+  const messages = errors.map(err => err.message).join(' ');
+  help.push('Possible solutions:');
+  // Common error messages
+  if (prebuiltPlatforms.includes(runtimePlatform)) {
+    const [os, cpu] = runtimePlatform.split('-');
+    help.push(
+      '- Ensure optional dependencies can be installed:',
+      '    npm install --include=optional sharp',
+      '  or',
+      '    yarn add sharp --ignore-engines',
+      '- Add platform-specific dependencies:',
+      `    npm install --os=${os} --cpu=${cpu} sharp`,
+      '  or',
+      `    npm install --force @img/sharp-${runtimePlatform}`
+    );
+  } else {
+    help.push(
+      `- Manually install libvips >= ${minimumLibvipsVersion}`,
+      '- Add experimental WebAssembly-based dependencies:',
+      '    npm install --cpu=wasm32 sharp',
+      '  or',
+      '    npm install --force @img/sharp-wasm32'
+    );
+  }
+  if (isLinux && /symbol not found/i.test(messages)) {
+    try {
+      const { engines } = require(`@img/sharp-libvips-${runtimePlatform}/package`);
+      const libcFound = `${familySync()} ${versionSync()}`;
+      const libcRequires = `${engines.musl ? 'musl' : 'glibc'} ${engines.musl || engines.glibc}`;
+      help.push(
+        '- Update your OS:',
+        `    Found ${libcFound}`,
+        `    Requires ${libcRequires}`
+      );
+    } catch (errEngines) {}
+  }
+  if (isLinux && /\/snap\/core[0-9]{2}/.test(messages)) {
+    help.push(
+      '- Remove the Node.js Snap, which does not support native modules',
+      '    snap remove node'
+    );
+  }
+  if (isMacOs && /Incompatible library version/.test(messages)) {
+    help.push(
+      '- Update Homebrew:',
+      '    brew update && brew upgrade vips'
+    );
+  }
+  if (errors.some(err => err.code === 'ERR_DLOPEN_DISABLED')) {
+    help.push('- Run Node.js without using the --no-addons flag');
+  }
+  // Link to installation docs
+  if (isWindows && /The specified procedure could not be found/.test(messages)) {
+    help.push(
+      '- Using the canvas package on Windows?',
+      '    See https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install#canvas-and-windows',
+      '- Check for outdated versions of sharp in the dependency tree:',
+      '    npm ls sharp'
+    );
+  }
+  help.push(
+    '- Consult the installation documentation:',
+    '    https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/install'
+  );
+  throw new Error(help.join('\n'));
+}
--- a/lib/utility.js
+++ b/lib/utility.js
@@ -59,11 +59,17 @@ let versions = {
 };
 /* istanbul ignore next */
 if (!libvipsVersion.isGlobal) {
-  try {
-    versions = require(`@img/sharp-${runtimePlatform}/versions`);
-  } catch (_) {
+  if (!libvipsVersion.isWasm) {
    try {
-      versions = require(`@img/sharp-libvips-${runtimePlatform}/versions`);
+      versions = require(`@img/sharp-${runtimePlatform}/versions`);
+    } catch (_) {
+      try {
+        versions = require(`@img/sharp-libvips-${runtimePlatform}/versions`);
+      } catch (_) {}
+    }
+  } else {
+    try {
+      versions = require('@img/sharp-wasm32/versions');
    } catch (_) {}
  }
 }
--- a/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json
+++ b/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@img/sharp-darwin-arm64",
-  "version": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
+  "version": "0.33.1-rc.0",
  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with macOS 64-bit ARM",
  "author": "Lovell Fuller <npm@lovell.info>",
  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  },
  "preferUnplugged": true,
  "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-arm64": "0.0.3"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-arm64": "1.0.0"
  },
  "files": [
    "lib"
--- a/npm/darwin-x64/package.json
+++ b/npm/darwin-x64/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@img/sharp-darwin-x64",
-  "version": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
+  "version": "0.33.1-rc.0",
  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with macOS x64",
  "author": "Lovell Fuller <npm@lovell.info>",
  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  },
  "preferUnplugged": true,
  "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-x64": "0.0.3"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-x64": "1.0.0"
  },
  "files": [
    "lib"
--- a/npm/from-github-release.js
+++ b/npm/from-github-release.js
@@ -38,7 +38,8 @@ limitations under the License.
 `;

 workspaces.map(async platform => {
-  const url = `https://github.com/lovell/sharp/releases/download/v${version}/sharp-v${version}-napi-v9-${platform}.tar.gz`;
+  const prebuildPlatform = platform === 'wasm32' ? 'emscripten-wasm32' : platform;
+  const url = `https://github.com/lovell/sharp/releases/download/v${version}/sharp-v${version}-napi-v9-${prebuildPlatform}.tar.gz`;
  const dir = path.join(__dirname, platform);
  const response = await fetch(url);
  if (!response.ok) {
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ workspaces.map(async platform => {
  }
  // Extract prebuild tarball
  const lib = path.join(dir, 'lib');
-  await rm(lib, { recursive: true });
+  await rm(lib, { force: true, recursive: true });
  await pipeline(
    Readable.fromWeb(response.body),
    createGunzip(),
@@ -58,9 +59,10 @@ workspaces.map(async platform => {
  await writeFile(path.join(dir, 'README.md'), `# \`${name}\`\n\n${description}.\n${licensing}`);
  // Copy Apache-2.0 LICENSE
  await copyFile(path.join(__dirname, '..', 'LICENSE'), path.join(dir, 'LICENSE'));
-  // Copy Windows-specific files
-  if (platform.startsWith('win32-')) {
-    const sharpLibvipsDir = path.join(require(`@img/sharp-libvips-${platform}/lib`), '..');
+  // Copy files for packages without an explicit sharp-libvips dependency (Windows, wasm)
+  if (platform.startsWith('win') || platform.startsWith('wasm')) {
+    const libvipsPlatform = platform === 'wasm32' ? 'dev-wasm32' : platform;
+    const sharpLibvipsDir = path.join(require(`@img/sharp-libvips-${libvipsPlatform}/lib`), '..');
    // Copy versions.json
    await copyFile(path.join(sharpLibvipsDir, 'versions.json'), path.join(dir, 'versions.json'));
    // Append third party licensing to README
--- a/npm/linux-arm/package.json
+++ b/npm/linux-arm/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@img/sharp-linux-arm",
-  "version": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
+  "version": "0.33.1-rc.0",
  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with Linux (glibc) ARM (32-bit)",
  "author": "Lovell Fuller <npm@lovell.info>",
  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  },
  "preferUnplugged": true,
  "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm": "0.0.3"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm": "1.0.0"
  },
  "files": [
    "lib"
--- a/npm/linux-arm64/package.json
+++ b/npm/linux-arm64/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@img/sharp-linux-arm64",
-  "version": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
+  "version": "0.33.1-rc.0",
  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with Linux (glibc) 64-bit ARM",
  "author": "Lovell Fuller <npm@lovell.info>",
  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  },
  "preferUnplugged": true,
  "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm64": "0.0.3"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm64": "1.0.0"
  },
  "files": [
    "lib"
--- a/npm/linux-s390x/package.json
+++ b/npm/linux-s390x/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@img/sharp-linux-s390x",
-  "version": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
+  "version": "0.33.1-rc.0",
  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with Linux (glibc) s390x",
  "author": "Lovell Fuller <npm@lovell.info>",
  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  },
  "preferUnplugged": true,
  "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-s390x": "0.0.3"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-s390x": "1.0.0"
  },
  "files": [
    "lib"
--- a/npm/linux-x64/package.json
+++ b/npm/linux-x64/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@img/sharp-linux-x64",
-  "version": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
+  "version": "0.33.1-rc.0",
  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with Linux (glibc) x64",
  "author": "Lovell Fuller <npm@lovell.info>",
  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  },
  "preferUnplugged": true,
  "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-x64": "0.0.3"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-x64": "1.0.0"
  },
  "files": [
    "lib"
--- a/npm/linuxmusl-arm64/package.json
+++ b/npm/linuxmusl-arm64/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@img/sharp-linuxmusl-arm64",
-  "version": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
+  "version": "0.33.1-rc.0",
  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with Linux (musl) 64-bit ARM",
  "author": "Lovell Fuller <npm@lovell.info>",
  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  },
  "preferUnplugged": true,
  "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-arm64": "0.0.3"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-arm64": "1.0.0"
  },
  "files": [
    "lib"
--- a/npm/linuxmusl-x64/package.json
+++ b/npm/linuxmusl-x64/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@img/sharp-linuxmusl-x64",
-  "version": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
+  "version": "0.33.1-rc.0",
  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with Linux (musl) x64",
  "author": "Lovell Fuller <npm@lovell.info>",
  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  },
  "preferUnplugged": true,
  "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-x64": "0.0.3"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-x64": "1.0.0"
  },
  "files": [
    "lib"
--- a/npm/package.json
+++ b/npm/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@img/sharp",
-  "version": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
+  "version": "0.33.1-rc.0",
  "private": "true",
  "workspaces": [
    "darwin-arm64",
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
    "linux-x64",
    "linuxmusl-arm64",
    "linuxmusl-x64",
+    "wasm32",
    "win32-ia32",
    "win32-x64"
  ]
--- a/npm/wasm32/package.json
+++ b/npm/wasm32/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+{
+  "name": "@img/sharp-wasm32",
+  "version": "0.33.1-rc.0",
+  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with wasm32",
+  "author": "Lovell Fuller <npm@lovell.info>",
+  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git+https://github.com/lovell/sharp.git",
+    "directory": "npm/wasm32"
+  },
+  "license": "Apache-2.0 AND LGPL-3.0-or-later AND MIT",
+  "funding": {
+    "url": "https://opencollective.com/libvips"
+  },
+  "preferUnplugged": true,
+  "files": [
+    "lib",
+    "versions.json"
+  ],
+  "publishConfig": {
+    "access": "public"
+  },
+  "type": "commonjs",
+  "exports": {
+    "./sharp.node": "./lib/sharp-wasm32.node.js",
+    "./package": "./package.json",
+    "./versions": "./versions.json"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": "^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0",
+    "npm": ">=9.6.5",
+    "yarn": ">=3.2.0",
+    "pnpm": ">=7.1.0"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@emnapi/runtime": "^0.44.0"
+  },
+  "cpu": [
+    "wasm32"
+  ]
+}
--- a/npm/win32-ia32/package.json
+++ b/npm/win32-ia32/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@img/sharp-win32-ia32",
-  "version": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
+  "version": "0.33.1-rc.0",
  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with Windows x86 (32-bit)",
  "author": "Lovell Fuller <npm@lovell.info>",
  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
--- a/npm/win32-x64/package.json
+++ b/npm/win32-x64/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@img/sharp-win32-x64",
-  "version": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
+  "version": "0.33.1-rc.0",
  "description": "Prebuilt sharp for use with Windows x64",
  "author": "Lovell Fuller <npm@lovell.info>",
  "homepage": "https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com",
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
  "name": "sharp",
  "description": "High performance Node.js image processing, the fastest module to resize JPEG, PNG, WebP, GIF, AVIF and TIFF images",
-  "version": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
+  "version": "0.33.1-rc.0",
  "author": "Lovell Fuller <npm@lovell.info>",
  "homepage": "https://github.com/lovell/sharp",
  "contributors": [
@@ -87,7 +87,8 @@
    "Brahim Ait elhaj <brahima@gmail.com>",
    "Mart Jansink <m.jansink@gmail.com>",
    "Lachlan Newman <lachnewman007@gmail.com>",
-    "Dennis Beatty <dennis@dcbeatty.com>"
+    "Dennis Beatty <dennis@dcbeatty.com>",
+    "Ingvar Stepanyan <me@rreverser.com>"
  ],
  "scripts": {
    "install": "node install/check",
@@ -140,32 +141,36 @@
    "semver": "^7.5.4"
  },
  "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-darwin-arm64": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
-    "@img/sharp-darwin-x64": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-arm64": "0.0.3",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-x64": "0.0.3",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm": "0.0.3",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm64": "0.0.3",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-s390x": "0.0.3",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-x64": "0.0.3",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-arm64": "0.0.3",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-x64": "0.0.3",
-    "@img/sharp-linux-arm": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
-    "@img/sharp-linux-arm64": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
-    "@img/sharp-linux-s390x": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
-    "@img/sharp-linux-x64": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
-    "@img/sharp-linuxmusl-arm64": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
-    "@img/sharp-linuxmusl-x64": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
-    "@img/sharp-win32-ia32": "0.33.0-alpha.10",
-    "@img/sharp-win32-x64": "0.33.0-alpha.10"
+    "@img/sharp-darwin-arm64": "0.33.1-rc.0",
+    "@img/sharp-darwin-x64": "0.33.1-rc.0",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-arm64": "1.0.0",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-x64": "1.0.0",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm": "1.0.0",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm64": "1.0.0",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-s390x": "1.0.0",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-x64": "1.0.0",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-arm64": "1.0.0",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-x64": "1.0.0",
+    "@img/sharp-linux-arm": "0.33.1-rc.0",
+    "@img/sharp-linux-arm64": "0.33.1-rc.0",
+    "@img/sharp-linux-s390x": "0.33.1-rc.0",
+    "@img/sharp-linux-x64": "0.33.1-rc.0",
+    "@img/sharp-linuxmusl-arm64": "0.33.1-rc.0",
+    "@img/sharp-linuxmusl-x64": "0.33.1-rc.0",
+    "@img/sharp-wasm32": "0.33.1-rc.0",
+    "@img/sharp-win32-ia32": "0.33.1-rc.0",
+    "@img/sharp-win32-x64": "0.33.1-rc.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-dev": "0.0.3",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-win32-ia32": "0.0.3",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-win32-x64": "0.0.3",
+    "@emnapi/runtime": "^0.44.0",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-dev": "1.0.0",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-dev-wasm32": "1.0.0",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-win32-ia32": "1.0.0",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-win32-x64": "1.0.0",
    "@types/node": "*",
-    "async": "^3.2.4",
+    "async": "^3.2.5",
    "cc": "^3.0.1",
+    "emnapi": "^0.44.0",
    "exif-reader": "^2.0.0",
    "extract-zip": "^2.0.1",
    "icc": "^3.0.0",
@@ -203,6 +208,11 @@
      "build/include"
    ]
  },
+  "nyc": {
+    "include": [
+      "lib"
+    ]
+  },
  "tsd": {
    "directory": "test/types/"
  }
--- a/src/binding.gyp
+++ b/src/binding.gyp
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
    'vips_version': '<!(node -p "require(\'../lib/libvips\').minimumLibvipsVersion")',
    'platform_and_arch': '<!(node -p "require(\'../lib/libvips\').buildPlatformArch()")',
    'sharp_libvips_version': '<!(node -p "require(\'../package.json\').optionalDependencies[\'@img/sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)\']")',
+    'sharp_libvips_yarn_locator': '<!(node -p "require(\'../lib/libvips\').yarnLocator()")',
    'sharp_libvips_include_dir': '<!(node -p "require(\'../lib/libvips\').buildSharpLibvipsIncludeDir()")',
    'sharp_libvips_cplusplus_dir': '<!(node -p "require(\'../lib/libvips\').buildSharpLibvipsCPlusPlusDir()")',
    'sharp_libvips_lib_dir': '<!(node -p "require(\'../lib/libvips\').buildSharpLibvipsLibDir()")'
@@ -155,9 +156,10 @@
              'OTHER_LDFLAGS': [
                # Ensure runtime linking is relative to sharp.node
                '-Wl,-rpath,\'@loader_path/../../sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\'',
-                '-Wl,-rpath,\'@loader_path/../../../<(sharp_libvips_version)/sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\'',
+                '-Wl,-rpath,\'@loader_path/../../../sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/<(sharp_libvips_version)/lib\'',
                '-Wl,-rpath,\'@loader_path/../../node_modules/@img/sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\'',
-                '-Wl,-rpath,\'@loader_path/../../../node_modules/@img/sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\''
+                '-Wl,-rpath,\'@loader_path/../../../node_modules/@img/sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\'',
+                '-Wl,-rpath,\'@loader_path/../../../../../@img-sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)-npm-<(sharp_libvips_version)-<(sharp_libvips_yarn_locator)/node_modules/@img/sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\''
              ]
            }
          }],
@@ -170,15 +172,36 @@
                '-l:libvips-cpp.so.42'
              ],
              'ldflags': [
-                # Ensure runtime linking is relative to sharp.node
                '-Wl,-s',
                '-Wl,--disable-new-dtags',
+                '-Wl,-z,nodelete',
                '-Wl,-rpath=\'$$ORIGIN/../../sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\'',
-                '-Wl,-rpath=\'$$ORIGIN/../../../<(sharp_libvips_version)/sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\'',
+                '-Wl,-rpath=\'$$ORIGIN/../../../sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/<(sharp_libvips_version)/lib\'',
                '-Wl,-rpath=\'$$ORIGIN/../../node_modules/@img/sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\'',
-                '-Wl,-rpath=\'$$ORIGIN/../../../node_modules/@img/sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\''
+                '-Wl,-rpath=\'$$ORIGIN/../../../node_modules/@img/sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\'',
+                '-Wl,-rpath,\'$$ORIGIN/../../../../../@img-sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)-npm-<(sharp_libvips_version)-<(sharp_libvips_yarn_locator)/node_modules/@img/sharp-libvips-<(platform_and_arch)/lib\''
              ]
            }
+          }],
+          ['OS == "emscripten"', {
+            'product_extension': 'node.js',
+            'link_settings': {
+              'ldflags': [
+                '-fexceptions',
+                '--pre-js=<!(node -p "require.resolve(\'./emscripten/pre.js\')")',
+                '-Oz',
+                '-sALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH',
+                '-sENVIRONMENT=node',
+                '-sEXPORTED_FUNCTIONS=["_vips_shutdown", "_uv_library_shutdown"]',
+                '-sNODERAWFS',
+                '-sTEXTDECODER=0',
+                '-sWASM_ASYNC_COMPILATION=0',
+                '-sWASM_BIGINT'
+              ],
+              'libraries': [
+                '<!@(PKG_CONFIG_PATH="<!(node -p "require(\'@img/sharp-libvips-dev-wasm32/lib\')")/pkgconfig" pkg-config --static --libs vips-cpp)'
+              ],
+            }
          }]
        ]
      }]
@@ -203,11 +226,6 @@
    'configurations': {
      'Release': {
        'conditions': [
-          ['OS == "linux"', {
-            'cflags_cc': [
-              '-Wno-cast-function-type'
-            ]
-          }],
          ['target_arch == "arm"', {
            'cflags_cc': [
              '-Wno-psabi'
--- a/src/common.cc
+++ b/src/common.cc
@@ -531,7 +531,33 @@ namespace sharp {
    Does this image have an embedded profile?
  */
  bool HasProfile(VImage image) {
-    return (image.get_typeof(VIPS_META_ICC_NAME) != 0) ? TRUE : FALSE;
+    return image.get_typeof(VIPS_META_ICC_NAME) == VIPS_TYPE_BLOB;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Get copy of embedded profile.
+  */
+  std::pair<char*, size_t> GetProfile(VImage image) {
+    std::pair<char*, size_t> icc(nullptr, 0);
+    if (HasProfile(image)) {
+      size_t length;
+      const void *data = image.get_blob(VIPS_META_ICC_NAME, &length);
+      icc.first = static_cast<char*>(g_malloc(length));
+      icc.second = length;
+      memcpy(icc.first, data, length);
+    }
+    return icc;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Set embedded profile.
+  */
+  VImage SetProfile(VImage image, std::pair<char*, size_t> icc) {
+    if (icc.first != nullptr) {
+      image = image.copy();
+      image.set(VIPS_META_ICC_NAME, reinterpret_cast<VipsCallbackFn>(vips_area_free_cb), icc.first, icc.second);
+    }
+    return image;
  }

  /*
@@ -542,6 +568,27 @@ namespace sharp {
    return image.has_alpha();
  }

+  static void* RemoveExifCallback(VipsImage *image, char const *field, GValue *value, void *data) {
+    std::vector<std::string> *fieldNames = static_cast<std::vector<std::string> *>(data);
+    std::string fieldName(field);
+    if (fieldName.substr(0, 8) == ("exif-ifd")) {
+      fieldNames->push_back(fieldName);
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Remove all EXIF-related image fields.
+  */
+  VImage RemoveExif(VImage image) {
+    std::vector<std::string> fieldNames;
+    vips_image_map(image.get_image(), static_cast<VipsImageMapFn>(RemoveExifCallback), &fieldNames);
+    for (const auto& f : fieldNames) {
+      image.remove(f.data());
+    }
+    return image;
+  }
+
  /*
    Get EXIF Orientation of image, if any.
  */
--- a/src/common.h
+++ b/src/common.h
@@ -222,12 +222,27 @@ namespace sharp {
  */
  bool HasProfile(VImage image);

+  /*
+    Get copy of embedded profile.
+  */
+  std::pair<char*, size_t> GetProfile(VImage image);
+
+  /*
+    Set embedded profile.
+  */
+  VImage SetProfile(VImage image, std::pair<char*, size_t> icc);
+
  /*
    Does this image have an alpha channel?
    Uses colour space interpretation with number of channels to guess this.
  */
  bool HasAlpha(VImage image);

+  /*
+    Remove all EXIF-related image fields.
+  */
+  VImage RemoveExif(VImage image);
+
  /*
    Get EXIF Orientation of image, if any.
  */
--- a/src/emscripten/common.gypi
+++ b/src/emscripten/common.gypi
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+{
+  'variables': {
+    'OS': 'emscripten'
+  },
+  'target_defaults': {
+    'default_configuration': 'Release',
+    'type': 'executable',
+    'cflags': [
+      '-pthread',
+      '-sDEFAULT_TO_CXX=0'
+    ],
+    'cflags_cc': [
+      '-pthread'
+    ],
+    'ldflags': [
+      '--js-library=<!(node -p "require(\'emnapi\').js_library")',
+      '-sAUTO_JS_LIBRARIES=0',
+      '-sAUTO_NATIVE_LIBRARIES=0',
+      '-sNODEJS_CATCH_EXIT=0',
+      '-sNODEJS_CATCH_REJECTION=0'
+    ],
+    'defines': [
+      '__STDC_FORMAT_MACROS',
+      'BUILDING_NODE_EXTENSION',
+      'EMNAPI_WORKER_POOL_SIZE=1'
+    ],
+    'include_dirs': [
+      '<!(node -p "require(\'emnapi\').include")'
+    ],
+    'sources': [
+      '<!@(node -p "require(\'emnapi\').sources.map(x => JSON.stringify(path.relative(process.cwd(), x))).join(\' \')")'
+    ],
+    'configurations': {
+      'Release': {}
+    }
+  }
+}
--- a/src/emscripten/pre.js
+++ b/src/emscripten/pre.js
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+/* global Module, ENV, _vips_shutdown, _uv_library_shutdown */
+
+Module.preRun = () => {
+  ENV.VIPS_CONCURRENCY = Number(process.env.VIPS_CONCURRENCY) || 1;
+};
+
+Module.onRuntimeInitialized = () => {
+  module.exports = Module.emnapiInit({
+    context: require('@emnapi/runtime').getDefaultContext()
+  });
+
+  process.once('exit', () => {
+    _vips_shutdown();
+    _uv_library_shutdown();
+  });
+};
--- a/src/operations.cc
+++ b/src/operations.cc
@@ -16,30 +16,44 @@ using vips::VError;

 namespace sharp {
  /*
-   * Tint an image using the specified chroma, preserving the original image luminance
+   * Tint an image using the provided RGB.
   */
-  VImage Tint(VImage image, double const a, double const b) {
-    // Get original colourspace
+  VImage Tint(VImage image, std::vector<double> const tint) {
+    std::vector<double> const tintLab = (VImage::black(1, 1) + tint)
+      .colourspace(VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LAB, VImage::option()->set("source_space", VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB))
+      .getpoint(0, 0);
+    // LAB identity function
+    VImage identityLab = VImage::identity(VImage::option()->set("bands", 3))
+      .colourspace(VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LAB, VImage::option()->set("source_space", VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB));
+    // Scale luminance range, 0.0 to 1.0
+    VImage l = identityLab[0] / 100;
+    // Weighting functions
+    VImage weightL = 1.0 - 4.0 * ((l - 0.5) * (l - 0.5));
+    VImage weightAB = (weightL * tintLab).extract_band(1, VImage::option()->set("n", 2));
+    identityLab = identityLab[0].bandjoin(weightAB);
+    // Convert lookup table to sRGB
+    VImage lut = identityLab.colourspace(VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB,
+      VImage::option()->set("source_space", VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LAB));
+    // Original colourspace
    VipsInterpretation typeBeforeTint = image.interpretation();
    if (typeBeforeTint == VIPS_INTERPRETATION_RGB) {
      typeBeforeTint = VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB;
    }
-    // Extract luminance
-    VImage luminance = image.colourspace(VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LAB)[0];
-    // Create the tinted version by combining the L from the original and the chroma from the tint
-    std::vector<double> chroma {a, b};
-    VImage tinted = luminance
-      .bandjoin(chroma)
-      .copy(VImage::option()->set("interpretation", VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LAB))
-      .colourspace(typeBeforeTint);
-    // Attach original alpha channel, if any
+    // Apply lookup table
    if (HasAlpha(image)) {
-      // Extract original alpha channel
      VImage alpha = image[image.bands() - 1];
-      // Join alpha channel to normalised image
-      tinted = tinted.bandjoin(alpha);
+      image = RemoveAlpha(image)
+        .colourspace(VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W)
+        .maplut(lut)
+        .colourspace(typeBeforeTint)
+        .bandjoin(alpha);
+    } else {
+      image = image
+        .colourspace(VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W)
+        .maplut(lut)
+        .colourspace(typeBeforeTint);
    }
-    return tinted;
+    return image;
  }

  /*
--- a/src/operations.h
+++ b/src/operations.h
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ using vips::VImage;
 namespace sharp {

  /*
-   * Tint an image using the specified chroma, preserving the original image luminance
+   * Tint an image using the provided RGB.
   */
-  VImage Tint(VImage image, double const a, double const b);
+  VImage Tint(VImage image, std::vector<double> const tint);

  /*
   * Stretch luminance to cover full dynamic range.
--- a/src/pipeline.cc
+++ b/src/pipeline.cc
@@ -315,6 +315,11 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
      }

      // Ensure we're using a device-independent colour space
+      std::pair<char*, size_t> inputProfile(nullptr, 0);
+      if ((baton->keepMetadata & VIPS_FOREIGN_KEEP_ICC) && baton->withIccProfile.empty()) {
+        // Cache input profile for use with output
+        inputProfile = sharp::GetProfile(image);
+      }
      char const *processingProfile = image.interpretation() == VIPS_INTERPRETATION_RGB16 ? "p3" : "srgb";
      if (
        sharp::HasProfile(image) &&
@@ -736,8 +741,8 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
      }

      // Tint the image
-      if (baton->tintA < 128.0 || baton->tintB < 128.0) {
-        image = sharp::Tint(image, baton->tintA, baton->tintB);
+      if (baton->tint[0] >= 0.0) {
+        image = sharp::Tint(image, baton->tint);
      }

      // Remove alpha channel, if any
@@ -758,7 +763,8 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
        // Convert colourspace, pass the current known interpretation so libvips doesn't have to guess
        image = image.colourspace(baton->colourspace, VImage::option()->set("source_space", image.interpretation()));
        // Transform colours from embedded profile to output profile
-        if (baton->withMetadata && sharp::HasProfile(image) && baton->withMetadataIcc.empty()) {
+        if ((baton->keepMetadata & VIPS_FOREIGN_KEEP_ICC) &&
+          baton->withIccProfile.empty() && sharp::HasProfile(image)) {
          image = image.icc_transform("srgb", VImage::option()
            ->set("embedded", TRUE)
            ->set("depth", sharp::Is16Bit(image.interpretation()) ? 16 : 8)
@@ -787,27 +793,30 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
      }

      // Apply output ICC profile
-      if (baton->withMetadata) {
-        image = image.icc_transform(
-          baton->withMetadataIcc.empty() ? "srgb" : const_cast<char*>(baton->withMetadataIcc.data()),
-          VImage::option()
-            ->set("input_profile", processingProfile)
-            ->set("embedded", TRUE)
-            ->set("depth", sharp::Is16Bit(image.interpretation()) ? 16 : 8)
-            ->set("intent", VIPS_INTENT_PERCEPTUAL));
+      if (!baton->withIccProfile.empty()) {
+        image = image.icc_transform(const_cast<char*>(baton->withIccProfile.data()), VImage::option()
+          ->set("input_profile", processingProfile)
+          ->set("embedded", TRUE)
+          ->set("depth", sharp::Is16Bit(image.interpretation()) ? 16 : 8)
+          ->set("intent", VIPS_INTENT_PERCEPTUAL));
+      } else if (baton->keepMetadata & VIPS_FOREIGN_KEEP_ICC) {
+        image = sharp::SetProfile(image, inputProfile);
      }
      // Override EXIF Orientation tag
-      if (baton->withMetadata && baton->withMetadataOrientation != -1) {
+      if (baton->withMetadataOrientation != -1) {
        image = sharp::SetExifOrientation(image, baton->withMetadataOrientation);
      }
      // Override pixel density
      if (baton->withMetadataDensity > 0) {
        image = sharp::SetDensity(image, baton->withMetadataDensity);
      }
-      // Metadata key/value pairs, e.g. EXIF
-      if (!baton->withMetadataStrs.empty()) {
+      // EXIF key/value pairs
+      if (baton->keepMetadata & VIPS_FOREIGN_KEEP_EXIF) {
        image = image.copy();
-        for (const auto& s : baton->withMetadataStrs) {
+        if (!baton->withExifMerge) {
+          image = sharp::RemoveExif(image);
+        }
+        for (const auto& s : baton->withExif) {
          image.set(s.first.data(), s.second.data());
        }
      }
@@ -828,7 +837,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
          // Write JPEG to buffer
          sharp::AssertImageTypeDimensions(image, sharp::ImageType::JPEG);
          VipsArea *area = reinterpret_cast<VipsArea*>(image.jpegsave_buffer(VImage::option()
-            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata)
            ->set("Q", baton->jpegQuality)
            ->set("interlace", baton->jpegProgressive)
            ->set("subsample_mode", baton->jpegChromaSubsampling == "4:4:4"
@@ -870,7 +879,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
          // Write PNG to buffer
          sharp::AssertImageTypeDimensions(image, sharp::ImageType::PNG);
          VipsArea *area = reinterpret_cast<VipsArea*>(image.pngsave_buffer(VImage::option()
-            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata)
            ->set("interlace", baton->pngProgressive)
            ->set("compression", baton->pngCompressionLevel)
            ->set("filter", baton->pngAdaptiveFiltering ? VIPS_FOREIGN_PNG_FILTER_ALL : VIPS_FOREIGN_PNG_FILTER_NONE)
@@ -889,7 +898,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
          // Write WEBP to buffer
          sharp::AssertImageTypeDimensions(image, sharp::ImageType::WEBP);
          VipsArea *area = reinterpret_cast<VipsArea*>(image.webpsave_buffer(VImage::option()
-            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata)
            ->set("Q", baton->webpQuality)
            ->set("lossless", baton->webpLossless)
            ->set("near_lossless", baton->webpNearLossless)
@@ -909,7 +918,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
          // Write GIF to buffer
          sharp::AssertImageTypeDimensions(image, sharp::ImageType::GIF);
          VipsArea *area = reinterpret_cast<VipsArea*>(image.gifsave_buffer(VImage::option()
-            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata)
            ->set("bitdepth", baton->gifBitdepth)
            ->set("effort", baton->gifEffort)
            ->set("reuse", baton->gifReuse)
@@ -934,7 +943,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
            image = image.cast(VIPS_FORMAT_FLOAT);
          }
          VipsArea *area = reinterpret_cast<VipsArea*>(image.tiffsave_buffer(VImage::option()
-            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata)
            ->set("Q", baton->tiffQuality)
            ->set("bitdepth", baton->tiffBitdepth)
            ->set("compression", baton->tiffCompression)
@@ -958,7 +967,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
          sharp::AssertImageTypeDimensions(image, sharp::ImageType::HEIF);
          image = sharp::RemoveAnimationProperties(image).cast(VIPS_FORMAT_UCHAR);
          VipsArea *area = reinterpret_cast<VipsArea*>(image.heifsave_buffer(VImage::option()
-            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata)
            ->set("Q", baton->heifQuality)
            ->set("compression", baton->heifCompression)
            ->set("effort", baton->heifEffort)
@@ -990,7 +999,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
          // Write JXL to buffer
          image = sharp::RemoveAnimationProperties(image);
          VipsArea *area = reinterpret_cast<VipsArea*>(image.jxlsave_buffer(VImage::option()
-            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata)
            ->set("distance", baton->jxlDistance)
            ->set("tier", baton->jxlDecodingTier)
            ->set("effort", baton->jxlEffort)
@@ -1051,7 +1060,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
          // Write JPEG to file
          sharp::AssertImageTypeDimensions(image, sharp::ImageType::JPEG);
          image.jpegsave(const_cast<char*>(baton->fileOut.data()), VImage::option()
-            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata)
            ->set("Q", baton->jpegQuality)
            ->set("interlace", baton->jpegProgressive)
            ->set("subsample_mode", baton->jpegChromaSubsampling == "4:4:4"
@@ -1081,7 +1090,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
          // Write PNG to file
          sharp::AssertImageTypeDimensions(image, sharp::ImageType::PNG);
          image.pngsave(const_cast<char*>(baton->fileOut.data()), VImage::option()
-            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata)
            ->set("interlace", baton->pngProgressive)
            ->set("compression", baton->pngCompressionLevel)
            ->set("filter", baton->pngAdaptiveFiltering ? VIPS_FOREIGN_PNG_FILTER_ALL : VIPS_FOREIGN_PNG_FILTER_NONE)
@@ -1096,7 +1105,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
          // Write WEBP to file
          sharp::AssertImageTypeDimensions(image, sharp::ImageType::WEBP);
          image.webpsave(const_cast<char*>(baton->fileOut.data()), VImage::option()
-            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata)
            ->set("Q", baton->webpQuality)
            ->set("lossless", baton->webpLossless)
            ->set("near_lossless", baton->webpNearLossless)
@@ -1112,7 +1121,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
          // Write GIF to file
          sharp::AssertImageTypeDimensions(image, sharp::ImageType::GIF);
          image.gifsave(const_cast<char*>(baton->fileOut.data()), VImage::option()
-            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata)
            ->set("bitdepth", baton->gifBitdepth)
            ->set("effort", baton->gifEffort)
            ->set("reuse", baton->gifReuse)
@@ -1131,7 +1140,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
            image = image.cast(VIPS_FORMAT_FLOAT);
          }
          image.tiffsave(const_cast<char*>(baton->fileOut.data()), VImage::option()
-            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata)
            ->set("Q", baton->tiffQuality)
            ->set("bitdepth", baton->tiffBitdepth)
            ->set("compression", baton->tiffCompression)
@@ -1151,7 +1160,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
          sharp::AssertImageTypeDimensions(image, sharp::ImageType::HEIF);
          image = sharp::RemoveAnimationProperties(image).cast(VIPS_FORMAT_UCHAR);
          image.heifsave(const_cast<char*>(baton->fileOut.data()), VImage::option()
-            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata)
            ->set("Q", baton->heifQuality)
            ->set("compression", baton->heifCompression)
            ->set("effort", baton->heifEffort)
@@ -1165,7 +1174,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
          // Write JXL to file
          image = sharp::RemoveAnimationProperties(image);
          image.jxlsave(const_cast<char*>(baton->fileOut.data()), VImage::option()
-            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+            ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata)
            ->set("distance", baton->jxlDistance)
            ->set("tier", baton->jxlDecodingTier)
            ->set("effort", baton->jxlEffort)
@@ -1187,7 +1196,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
          (willMatchInput && inputImageType == sharp::ImageType::VIPS)) {
          // Write V to file
          image.vipssave(const_cast<char*>(baton->fileOut.data()), VImage::option()
-            ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata));
+            ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata));
          baton->formatOut = "v";
        } else {
          // Unsupported output format
@@ -1401,7 +1410,7 @@ class PipelineWorker : public Napi::AsyncWorker {
      suffix = AssembleSuffixString(extname, options);
    }
    vips::VOption *options = VImage::option()
-      ->set("strip", !baton->withMetadata)
+      ->set("keep", baton->keepMetadata)
      ->set("tile_size", baton->tileSize)
      ->set("overlap", baton->tileOverlap)
      ->set("container", baton->tileContainer)
@@ -1527,8 +1536,7 @@ Napi::Value pipeline(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
  baton->normalise = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "normalise");
  baton->normaliseLower = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "normaliseLower");
  baton->normaliseUpper = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "normaliseUpper");
-  baton->tintA = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "tintA");
-  baton->tintB = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "tintB");
+  baton->tint = sharp::AttrAsVectorOfDouble(options, "tint");
  baton->claheWidth = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "claheWidth");
  baton->claheHeight = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "claheHeight");
  baton->claheMaxSlope = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "claheMaxSlope");
@@ -1594,18 +1602,19 @@ Napi::Value pipeline(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
  // Output
  baton->formatOut = sharp::AttrAsStr(options, "formatOut");
  baton->fileOut = sharp::AttrAsStr(options, "fileOut");
-  baton->withMetadata = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "withMetadata");
+  baton->keepMetadata = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "keepMetadata");
  baton->withMetadataOrientation = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "withMetadataOrientation");
  baton->withMetadataDensity = sharp::AttrAsDouble(options, "withMetadataDensity");
-  baton->withMetadataIcc = sharp::AttrAsStr(options, "withMetadataIcc");
-  Napi::Object mdStrs = options.Get("withMetadataStrs").As<Napi::Object>();
-  Napi::Array mdStrKeys = mdStrs.GetPropertyNames();
-  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mdStrKeys.Length(); i++) {
-    std::string k = sharp::AttrAsStr(mdStrKeys, i);
-    if (mdStrs.HasOwnProperty(k)) {
-      baton->withMetadataStrs.insert(std::make_pair(k, sharp::AttrAsStr(mdStrs, k)));
+  baton->withIccProfile = sharp::AttrAsStr(options, "withIccProfile");
+  Napi::Object withExif = options.Get("withExif").As<Napi::Object>();
+  Napi::Array withExifKeys = withExif.GetPropertyNames();
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < withExifKeys.Length(); i++) {
+    std::string k = sharp::AttrAsStr(withExifKeys, i);
+    if (withExif.HasOwnProperty(k)) {
+      baton->withExif.insert(std::make_pair(k, sharp::AttrAsStr(withExif, k)));
    }
  }
+  baton->withExifMerge = sharp::AttrAsBool(options, "withExifMerge");
  baton->timeoutSeconds = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "timeoutSeconds");
  // Format-specific
  baton->jpegQuality = sharp::AttrAsUint32(options, "jpegQuality");
--- a/src/pipeline.h
+++ b/src/pipeline.h
@@ -69,8 +69,7 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
  bool premultiplied;
  bool tileCentre;
  bool fastShrinkOnLoad;
-  double tintA;
-  double tintB;
+  std::vector<double> tint;
  bool flatten;
  std::vector<double> flattenBackground;
  bool unflatten;
@@ -188,11 +187,12 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
  bool jxlLossless;
  VipsBandFormat rawDepth;
  std::string err;
-  bool withMetadata;
+  int keepMetadata;
  int withMetadataOrientation;
  double withMetadataDensity;
-  std::string withMetadataIcc;
-  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> withMetadataStrs;
+  std::string withIccProfile;
+  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> withExif;
+  bool withExifMerge;
  int timeoutSeconds;
  std::unique_ptr<double[]> convKernel;
  int convKernelWidth;
@@ -239,8 +239,7 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
    attentionX(0),
    attentionY(0),
    premultiplied(false),
-    tintA(128.0),
-    tintB(128.0),
+    tint{ -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 },
    flatten(false),
    flattenBackground{ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 },
    unflatten(false),
@@ -355,9 +354,10 @@ struct PipelineBaton {
    jxlEffort(7),
    jxlLossless(false),
    rawDepth(VIPS_FORMAT_UCHAR),
-    withMetadata(false),
+    keepMetadata(0),
    withMetadataOrientation(-1),
    withMetadataDensity(0.0),
+    withExifMerge(true),
    timeoutSeconds(0),
    convKernelWidth(0),
    convKernelHeight(0),
--- a/src/utilities.cc
+++ b/src/utilities.cc
@@ -102,6 +102,11 @@ Napi::Value libvipsVersion(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
  version.Set("isGlobal", Napi::Boolean::New(env, true));
 #else
  version.Set("isGlobal", Napi::Boolean::New(env, false));
+#endif
+#ifdef __EMSCRIPTEN__
+  version.Set("isWasm", Napi::Boolean::New(env, true));
+#else
+  version.Set("isWasm", Napi::Boolean::New(env, false));
 #endif
  return version;
 }
--- a/test/bench/Dockerfile
+++ b/test/bench/Dockerfile
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
-FROM ubuntu:22.04
+FROM ubuntu:23.10
 ARG BRANCH=main

 # Install basic dependencies
-RUN apt-get -y update && apt-get install -y build-essential curl git
+RUN apt-get -y update && apt-get install -y build-essential curl git ca-certificates gnupg

 # Install latest Node.js LTS
-RUN curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_18.x | bash -
-RUN apt-get install -y nodejs
+RUN mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
+RUN curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/gpgkey/nodesource-repo.gpg.key | gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/nodesource.gpg
+RUN echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/nodesource.gpg] https://deb.nodesource.com/node_20.x nodistro main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list
+RUN apt-get -y update && apt-get install -y nodejs

 # Install benchmark dependencies
 RUN apt-get install -y imagemagick libmagick++-dev graphicsmagick
--- a/test/bench/package.json
+++ b/test/bench/package.json
@@ -10,14 +10,14 @@
  "dependencies": {
    "@squoosh/cli": "0.7.3",
    "@squoosh/lib": "0.5.3",
-    "async": "3.2.4",
+    "async": "3.2.5",
    "benchmark": "2.1.4",
    "gm": "1.25.0",
    "imagemagick": "0.1.3",
    "jimp": "0.22.10"
  },
  "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@tensorflow/tfjs-node": "4.11.0",
+    "@tensorflow/tfjs-node": "4.13.0",
    "mapnik": "4.5.9"
  },
  "license": "Apache-2.0"
--- a/test/fixtures/expected/tint-alpha.png
+++ b/test/fixtures/expected/tint-alpha.png
--- a/test/fixtures/expected/tint-blue.jpg
+++ b/test/fixtures/expected/tint-blue.jpg
--- a/test/fixtures/expected/tint-cmyk.jpg
+++ b/test/fixtures/expected/tint-cmyk.jpg
--- a/test/fixtures/expected/tint-green.jpg
+++ b/test/fixtures/expected/tint-green.jpg
--- a/test/fixtures/expected/tint-red.jpg
+++ b/test/fixtures/expected/tint-red.jpg
--- a/test/fixtures/expected/tint-sepia.jpg
+++ b/test/fixtures/expected/tint-sepia.jpg
--- a/test/leak/leak.sh
+++ b/test/leak/leak.sh
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-#!/bin/sh
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -e

 if ! type valgrind >/dev/null; then
  echo "Please install valgrind before running memory leak tests"
@@ -7,14 +8,15 @@ fi

 curl -s -o ./test/leak/libvips.supp https://raw.githubusercontent.com/libvips/libvips/master/suppressions/valgrind.supp

-for test in ./test/unit/*.js; do
+TESTS=$(ls test/unit --ignore=svg.js --ignore=text.js)
+for test in $TESTS; do
  G_SLICE=always-malloc G_DEBUG=gc-friendly VIPS_LEAK=1 VIPS_NOVECTOR=1 valgrind \
    --suppressions=test/leak/libvips.supp \
    --suppressions=test/leak/sharp.supp \
    --gen-suppressions=yes \
    --leak-check=full \
-    --show-leak-kinds=definite,indirect,possible \
+    --show-leak-kinds=definite,indirect \
    --num-callers=20 \
    --trace-children=yes \
-    node --expose-gc node_modules/.bin/mocha --no-config --slow=60000 --timeout=120000 --require test/beforeEach.js "$test";
+    node --expose-gc --zero-fill-buffers node_modules/.bin/mocha --no-config --slow=60000 --timeout=120000 --require test/beforeEach.js "test/unit/$test";
 done
--- a/test/leak/sharp.supp
+++ b/test/leak/sharp.supp
@@ -173,41 +173,6 @@
  fun:TIFFWriteEncodedTile
 }

-# gsf
-{
-  param_gsf_output_write
-  Memcheck:Param
-  write(buf)
-  fun:write
-  ...
-  fun:gsf_output_write
-}
-{
-  value_gsf_output_write_crc32_little
-  Memcheck:Value8
-  fun:crc32_little
-  ...
-  fun:gsf_output_write
-}
-{
-  param_gsf_new_do_write
-  Memcheck:Param
-  write(buf)
-  ...
-  fun:new_do_write
-  ...
-  fun:gsf_output_close
-}
-{
-  param_gsf_output_write
-  Memcheck:Param
-  write(buf)
-  ...
-  fun:new_do_write
-  ...
-  fun:gsf_output_write
-}
-
 # fontconfig
 {
  leak_fontconfig_FcConfigSubstituteWithPat
@@ -349,11 +314,39 @@
  fun:heif_context_read_from_reader
 }

-# orc
+# glib
 {
-  addr_orcexec
-  Memcheck:Addr1
-  obj:*/orcexec.*
+  leak_glib__tls_get_addr
+  Memcheck:Leak
+  match-leak-kinds: possible
+  ...
+  fun:malloc
+  fun:allocate_dtv_entry
+  fun:allocate_and_init
+  fun:tls_get_addr_tail
+  fun:__tls_get_addr
+}
+{
+  value_g_utf8_make_valid_strlen
+  Memcheck:Value8
+  fun:strlen
+  fun:g_utf8_make_valid
+}
+{
+  value_g_utf8_make_valid_strncpy
+  Memcheck:Value8
+  fun:strncpy
+  fun:g_strndup
+  ...
+  fun:g_utf8_make_valid
+}
+{
+  cond_g_utf8_make_valid_strncpy
+  Memcheck:Cond
+  fun:strncpy
+  fun:g_strndup
+  ...
+  fun:g_utf8_make_valid
 }

 # libvips
@@ -943,6 +936,79 @@
  ...
  fun:_ZN2v88internal18ArrayBufferSweeper10ReleaseAllEv
 }
+{
+  cond_node_Builtins_JSEntry
+  Memcheck:Cond
+  ...
+  fun:Builtins_JSEntry
+  ...
+  fun:uv__poll_io_uring
+}
+{
+  cond_node_Builtins_TestEqualStrictHandler
+  Memcheck:Cond
+  fun:Builtins_TestEqualStrictHandler
+  ...
+  fun:uv__poll_io_uring
+}
+{
+  cond_node_Builtins_TestGreaterThanHandler
+  Memcheck:Cond
+  fun:Builtins_TestGreaterThanHandler
+  ...
+  fun:uv__poll_io_uring
+}
+{
+  cond_node_AfterStat
+  Memcheck:Cond
+  ...
+  fun:_ZN4node2fs9AfterStatEP7uv_fs_s
+  ...
+  fun:uv__poll_io_uring
+}
+{
+  cond_node_AfterMkdirp
+  Memcheck:Cond
+  fun:_ZN4node2fs11AfterMkdirpEP7uv_fs_s
+  fun:_ZN4node24MakeLibuvRequestCallbackI7uv_fs_sPFvPS1_EE7WrapperES2_
+  fun:_ZZZN4node2fs11MKDirpAsyncEP9uv_loop_sP7uv_fs_sPKciPFvS4_EENKUlS4_E_clES4_ENUlS4_E_4_FUNES4_
+  fun:uv__poll_io_uring
+}
+{
+  cond_v8_ArrayBufferSweeper_Finalize
+  Memcheck:Cond
+  fun:_ZN2v88internal18ArrayBufferSweeper8FinalizeEv
+}
+{
+  cond_v8_AdjustAmountOfExternalAllocatedMemory
+  Memcheck:Cond
+  fun:_ZN2v87Isolate37AdjustAmountOfExternalAllocatedMemoryEl
+}
+{
+  cond_v8_IncrementalMarkingLimitReached
+  Memcheck:Cond
+  fun:_ZN2v88internal4Heap30IncrementalMarkingLimitReachedEv
+}
+{
+  cond_v8_ShouldExpandOldGenerationOnSlowAllocation
+  Memcheck:Cond
+  fun:_ZN2v88internal4Heap41ShouldExpandOldGenerationOnSlowAllocationEPNS0_9LocalHeapENS0_16AllocationOriginE
+}
+{
+  cond_v8_ArrayBufferSweeper_SweepingJob_SweepListFull
+  Memcheck:Cond
+  fun:_ZN2v88internal18ArrayBufferSweeper11SweepingJob13SweepListFullEPNS0_15ArrayBufferListE
+}
+{
+  cond_v8_ArrayBufferSweeper_SweepingJob_SweepYoung
+  Memcheck:Cond
+  fun:_ZN2v88internal18ArrayBufferSweeper11SweepingJob10SweepYoungEv
+}
+{
+  cond_v8_StartIncrementalMarkingIfAllocationLimitIsReachedBackground
+  Memcheck:Cond
+  fun:_ZN2v88internal4Heap59StartIncrementalMarkingIfAllocationLimitIsReachedBackgroundEv
+}
 {
  addr_v8_ZN2v88internal12_GLOBAL__N_119HandleApiCallHelperILb0EEENS0
  Memcheck:Addr8
--- a/test/types/sharp.test-d.ts
+++ b/test/types/sharp.test-d.ts
@@ -659,6 +659,18 @@ sharp('input.tiff').webp({ preset: 'drawing' }).toFile('out.webp');
 sharp('input.tiff').webp({ preset: 'text' }).toFile('out.webp');
 sharp('input.tiff').webp({ preset: 'default' }).toFile('out.webp');

-// Allow a boolean or an object for metadata options.
-// https://github.com/lovell/sharp/issues/3822
-sharp(input).withMetadata().withMetadata({}).withMetadata(false);
+sharp(input)
+  .keepExif()
+  .withExif({
+    IFD0: {
+      k1: 'v1'
+    }
+  })
+  .withExifMerge({
+    IFD1: {
+      k2: 'v2'
+    }
+  })
+  .keepIccProfile()
+  .withIccProfile('filename')
+  .withIccProfile('filename', { attach: false });
--- a/test/unit/libvips.js
+++ b/test/unit/libvips.js
@@ -69,17 +69,25 @@ describe('libvips binaries', function () {
  });

  describe('Build time platform detection', () => {
-    it('Can override platform with npm_config_platform and npm_config_libc', () => {
+    it('Can override platform with npm_config_platform and npm_config_libc', function () {
      process.env.npm_config_platform = 'testplatform';
      process.env.npm_config_libc = 'testlibc';
-      const [platform] = libvips.buildPlatformArch().split('-');
+      const platformArch = libvips.buildPlatformArch();
+      if (platformArch === 'wasm32') {
+        return this.skip();
+      }
+      const [platform] = platformArch.split('-');
      assert.strictEqual(platform, 'testplatformtestlibc');
      delete process.env.npm_config_platform;
      delete process.env.npm_config_libc;
    });
-    it('Can override arch with npm_config_arch', () => {
+    it('Can override arch with npm_config_arch', function () {
      process.env.npm_config_arch = 'test';
-      const [, arch] = libvips.buildPlatformArch().split('-');
+      const platformArch = libvips.buildPlatformArch();
+      if (platformArch === 'wasm32') {
+        return this.skip();
+      }
+      const [, arch] = platformArch.split('-');
      assert.strictEqual(arch, 'test');
      delete process.env.npm_config_arch;
    });
@@ -136,4 +144,26 @@ describe('libvips binaries', function () {
      libvips.log(new Error('problem'));
    });
  });
+
+  describe('yarn locator hash', () => {
+    it('known platform', () => {
+      const cc = process.env.CC;
+      delete process.env.CC;
+      process.env.npm_config_platform = 'linux';
+      process.env.npm_config_arch = 's390x';
+      process.env.npm_config_libc = '';
+      const locatorHash = libvips.yarnLocator();
+      assert.strictEqual(locatorHash, '86cc8ee6e4');
+      delete process.env.npm_config_platform;
+      delete process.env.npm_config_arch;
+      delete process.env.npm_config_libc;
+      process.env.CC = cc;
+    });
+    it('unknown platform', () => {
+      process.env.npm_config_platform = 'unknown-platform';
+      const locatorHash = libvips.yarnLocator();
+      assert.strictEqual(locatorHash, '');
+      delete process.env.npm_config_platform;
+    });
+  });
 });
--- a/test/unit/metadata.js
+++ b/test/unit/metadata.js
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ const icc = require('icc');
 const sharp = require('../../');
 const fixtures = require('../fixtures');

+const create = { width: 1, height: 1, channels: 3, background: 'red' };
+
 describe('Image metadata', function () {
  it('JPEG', function (done) {
    sharp(fixtures.inputJpg).metadata(function (err, metadata) {
@@ -552,11 +554,55 @@ describe('Image metadata', function () {
      });
  });

+  it('keep existing ICC profile', async () => {
+    const data = await sharp(fixtures.inputJpgWithExif)
+      .keepIccProfile()
+      .toBuffer();
+
+    const metadata = await sharp(data).metadata();
+    const { description } = icc.parse(metadata.icc);
+    assert.strictEqual(description, 'Generic RGB Profile');
+  });
+
+  it('keep existing ICC profile, ignore colourspace conversion', async () => {
+    const data = await sharp(fixtures.inputJpgWithExif)
+      .keepIccProfile()
+      .toColourspace('cmyk')
+      .toBuffer();
+
+    const metadata = await sharp(data).metadata();
+    assert.strictEqual(metadata.channels, 3);
+    const { description } = icc.parse(metadata.icc);
+    assert.strictEqual(description, 'Generic RGB Profile');
+  });
+
+  it('transform to ICC profile and attach', async () => {
+    const data = await sharp({ create })
+      .png()
+      .withIccProfile('p3', { attach: true })
+      .toBuffer();
+
+    const metadata = await sharp(data).metadata();
+    const { description } = icc.parse(metadata.icc);
+    assert.strictEqual(description, 'sP3C');
+  });
+
+  it('transform to ICC profile but do not attach', async () => {
+    const data = await sharp({ create })
+      .png()
+      .withIccProfile('p3', { attach: false })
+      .toBuffer();
+
+    const metadata = await sharp(data).metadata();
+    assert.strictEqual(3, metadata.channels);
+    assert.strictEqual(undefined, metadata.icc);
+  });
+
  it('Apply CMYK output ICC profile', function (done) {
    const output = fixtures.path('output.icc-cmyk.jpg');
    sharp(fixtures.inputJpg)
      .resize(64)
-      .withMetadata({ icc: 'cmyk' })
+      .withIccProfile('cmyk')
      .toFile(output, function (err) {
        if (err) throw err;
        sharp(output).metadata(function (err, metadata) {
@@ -581,7 +627,7 @@ describe('Image metadata', function () {
    const output = fixtures.path('output.hilutite.jpg');
    sharp(fixtures.inputJpg)
      .resize(64)
-      .withMetadata({ icc: fixtures.path('hilutite.icm') })
+      .withIccProfile(fixtures.path('hilutite.icm'))
      .toFile(output, function (err, info) {
        if (err) throw err;
        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(output, fixtures.expected('hilutite.jpg'), 9);
@@ -620,7 +666,6 @@ describe('Image metadata', function () {
  it('Remove EXIF metadata after a resize', function (done) {
    sharp(fixtures.inputJpgWithExif)
      .resize(320, 240)
-      .withMetadata(false)
      .toBuffer(function (err, buffer) {
        if (err) throw err;
        sharp(buffer).metadata(function (err, metadata) {
@@ -651,14 +696,7 @@ describe('Image metadata', function () {
  });

  it('Add EXIF metadata to JPEG', async () => {
-    const data = await sharp({
-      create: {
-        width: 8,
-        height: 8,
-        channels: 3,
-        background: 'red'
-      }
-    })
+    const data = await sharp({ create })
      .jpeg()
      .withMetadata({
        exif: {
@@ -675,14 +713,7 @@ describe('Image metadata', function () {
  });

  it('Set density of JPEG', async () => {
-    const data = await sharp({
-      create: {
-        width: 8,
-        height: 8,
-        channels: 3,
-        background: 'red'
-      }
-    })
+    const data = await sharp({ create })
      .withMetadata({
        density: 300
      })
@@ -694,14 +725,7 @@ describe('Image metadata', function () {
  });

  it('Set density of PNG', async () => {
-    const data = await sharp({
-      create: {
-        width: 8,
-        height: 8,
-        channels: 3,
-        background: 'red'
-      }
-    })
+    const data = await sharp({ create })
      .withMetadata({
        density: 96
      })
@@ -809,11 +833,7 @@ describe('Image metadata', function () {
  });

  it('withMetadata adds default sRGB profile to RGB16', async () => {
-    const data = await sharp({
-      create: {
-        width: 8, height: 8, channels: 4, background: 'orange'
-      }
-    })
+    const data = await sharp({ create })
      .toColorspace('rgb16')
      .png()
      .withMetadata()
@@ -827,11 +847,7 @@ describe('Image metadata', function () {
  });

  it('withMetadata adds P3 profile to 16-bit PNG', async () => {
-    const data = await sharp({
-      create: {
-        width: 8, height: 8, channels: 4, background: 'orange'
-      }
-    })
+    const data = await sharp({ create })
      .toColorspace('rgb16')
      .png()
      .withMetadata({ icc: 'p3' })
@@ -871,7 +887,89 @@ describe('Image metadata', function () {
      });
  });

-  describe('Invalid withMetadata parameters', function () {
+  it('keepExif maintains all EXIF metadata', async () => {
+    const data1 = await sharp({ create })
+      .withExif({
+        IFD0: {
+          Copyright: 'Test 1',
+          Software: 'sharp'
+        }
+      })
+      .jpeg()
+      .toBuffer();
+
+    const data2 = await sharp(data1)
+      .keepExif()
+      .toBuffer();
+
+    const md2 = await sharp(data2).metadata();
+    const exif2 = exifReader(md2.exif);
+    assert.strictEqual(exif2.Image.Copyright, 'Test 1');
+    assert.strictEqual(exif2.Image.Software, 'sharp');
+  });
+
+  it('withExif replaces all EXIF metadata', async () => {
+    const data1 = await sharp({ create })
+      .withExif({
+        IFD0: {
+          Copyright: 'Test 1',
+          Software: 'sharp'
+        }
+      })
+      .jpeg()
+      .toBuffer();
+
+    const md1 = await sharp(data1).metadata();
+    const exif1 = exifReader(md1.exif);
+    assert.strictEqual(exif1.Image.Copyright, 'Test 1');
+    assert.strictEqual(exif1.Image.Software, 'sharp');
+
+    const data2 = await sharp(data1)
+      .withExif({
+        IFD0: {
+          Copyright: 'Test 2'
+        }
+      })
+      .toBuffer();
+
+    const md2 = await sharp(data2).metadata();
+    const exif2 = exifReader(md2.exif);
+    assert.strictEqual(exif2.Image.Copyright, 'Test 2');
+    assert.strictEqual(exif2.Image.Software, undefined);
+  });
+
+  it('withExifMerge merges all EXIF metadata', async () => {
+    const data1 = await sharp({ create })
+      .withExif({
+        IFD0: {
+          Copyright: 'Test 1'
+        }
+      })
+      .jpeg()
+      .toBuffer();
+
+    const md1 = await sharp(data1).metadata();
+    const exif1 = exifReader(md1.exif);
+    assert.strictEqual(exif1.Image.Copyright, 'Test 1');
+    assert.strictEqual(exif1.Image.Software, undefined);
+
+    const data2 = await sharp(data1)
+      .withExifMerge({
+        IFD0: {
+          Copyright: 'Test 2',
+          Software: 'sharp'
+
+        }
+      })
+      .toBuffer();
+
+    const md2 = await sharp(data2).metadata();
+    const exif2 = exifReader(md2.exif);
+    assert.strictEqual(exif2.Image.Copyright, 'Test 2');
+    assert.strictEqual(exif2.Image.Software, 'sharp');
+  });
+
+  describe('Invalid parameters', function () {
    it('String orientation', function () {
      assert.throws(function () {
        sharp().withMetadata({ orientation: 'zoinks' });
@@ -922,5 +1020,22 @@ describe('Image metadata', function () {
        sharp().withMetadata({ exif: { ifd0: { fail: false } } });
      });
    });
+    it('withIccProfile invalid profile', () => {
+      assert.throws(
+        () => sharp().withIccProfile(false),
+        /Expected string for icc but received false of type boolean/
+      );
+    });
+    it('withIccProfile missing attach', () => {
+      assert.doesNotThrow(
+        () => sharp().withIccProfile('test', {})
+      );
+    });
+    it('withIccProfile invalid attach', () => {
+      assert.throws(
+        () => sharp().withIccProfile('test', { attach: 1 }),
+        /Expected boolean for attach but received 1 of type number/
+      );
+    });
  });
 });
--- a/test/unit/text.js
+++ b/test/unit/text.js
@@ -58,9 +58,9 @@ describe('Text to image', function () {
      if (err) throw err;
      assert.strictEqual('png', info.format);
      assert.strictEqual(3, info.channels);
-      assert.ok(inRange(info.width, 450, 550), `Actual width ${info.width}`);
-      assert.ok(inRange(info.height, 300, 450), `Actual height ${info.height}`);
-      assert.ok(inRange(info.textAutofitDpi, 900, 1200), `Actual textAutofitDpi ${info.textAutofitDpi}`);
+      assert.ok(inRange(info.width, 400, 600), `Actual width ${info.width}`);
+      assert.ok(inRange(info.height, 300, 500), `Actual height ${info.height}`);
+      assert.ok(inRange(info.textAutofitDpi, 900, 1300), `Actual textAutofitDpi ${info.textAutofitDpi}`);
      done();
    });
  });
--- a/test/unit/tint.js
+++ b/test/unit/tint.js
@@ -8,16 +8,19 @@ const assert = require('assert');
 const sharp = require('../../');
 const fixtures = require('../fixtures');

+// Allow for small rounding differences between platforms
+const maxDistance = 6;
+
 describe('Tint', function () {
  it('tints rgb image red', function (done) {
    const output = fixtures.path('output.tint-red.jpg');
    sharp(fixtures.inputJpg)
-      .resize(320, 240, { fastShrinkOnLoad: false })
+      .resize(320, 240)
      .tint('#FF0000')
      .toFile(output, function (err, info) {
        if (err) throw err;
        assert.strictEqual(true, info.size > 0);
-        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(output, fixtures.expected('tint-red.jpg'), 18);
+        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(output, fixtures.expected('tint-red.jpg'), maxDistance);
        done();
      });
  });
@@ -25,12 +28,12 @@ describe('Tint', function () {
  it('tints rgb image green', function (done) {
    const output = fixtures.path('output.tint-green.jpg');
    sharp(fixtures.inputJpg)
-      .resize(320, 240, { fastShrinkOnLoad: false })
+      .resize(320, 240)
      .tint('#00FF00')
      .toFile(output, function (err, info) {
        if (err) throw err;
        assert.strictEqual(true, info.size > 0);
-        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(output, fixtures.expected('tint-green.jpg'), 27);
+        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(output, fixtures.expected('tint-green.jpg'), maxDistance);
        done();
      });
  });
@@ -38,12 +41,12 @@ describe('Tint', function () {
  it('tints rgb image blue', function (done) {
    const output = fixtures.path('output.tint-blue.jpg');
    sharp(fixtures.inputJpg)
-      .resize(320, 240, { fastShrinkOnLoad: false })
+      .resize(320, 240)
      .tint('#0000FF')
      .toFile(output, function (err, info) {
        if (err) throw err;
        assert.strictEqual(true, info.size > 0);
-        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(output, fixtures.expected('tint-blue.jpg'), 14);
+        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(output, fixtures.expected('tint-blue.jpg'), maxDistance);
        done();
      });
  });
@@ -51,13 +54,13 @@ describe('Tint', function () {
  it('tints rgb image with sepia tone', function (done) {
    const output = fixtures.path('output.tint-sepia-hex.jpg');
    sharp(fixtures.inputJpg)
-      .resize(320, 240, { fastShrinkOnLoad: false })
+      .resize(320, 240)
      .tint('#704214')
      .toFile(output, function (err, info) {
        if (err) throw err;
        assert.strictEqual(320, info.width);
        assert.strictEqual(240, info.height);
-        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(output, fixtures.expected('tint-sepia.jpg'), 10);
+        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(output, fixtures.expected('tint-sepia.jpg'), maxDistance);
        done();
      });
  });
@@ -65,13 +68,13 @@ describe('Tint', function () {
  it('tints rgb image with sepia tone with rgb colour', function (done) {
    const output = fixtures.path('output.tint-sepia-rgb.jpg');
    sharp(fixtures.inputJpg)
-      .resize(320, 240, { fastShrinkOnLoad: false })
+      .resize(320, 240)
      .tint([112, 66, 20])
      .toFile(output, function (err, info) {
        if (err) throw err;
        assert.strictEqual(320, info.width);
        assert.strictEqual(240, info.height);
-        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(output, fixtures.expected('tint-sepia.jpg'), 10);
+        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(output, fixtures.expected('tint-sepia.jpg'), maxDistance);
        done();
      });
  });
@@ -79,13 +82,13 @@ describe('Tint', function () {
  it('tints rgb image with alpha channel', function (done) {
    const output = fixtures.path('output.tint-alpha.png');
    sharp(fixtures.inputPngRGBWithAlpha)
-      .resize(320, 240, { fastShrinkOnLoad: false })
+      .resize(320, 240)
      .tint('#704214')
      .toFile(output, function (err, info) {
        if (err) throw err;
        assert.strictEqual(320, info.width);
        assert.strictEqual(240, info.height);
-        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(output, fixtures.expected('tint-alpha.png'), 10);
+        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(output, fixtures.expected('tint-alpha.png'), maxDistance);
        done();
      });
  });
@@ -93,12 +96,12 @@ describe('Tint', function () {
  it('tints cmyk image red', function (done) {
    const output = fixtures.path('output.tint-cmyk.jpg');
    sharp(fixtures.inputJpgWithCmykProfile)
-      .resize(320, 240, { fastShrinkOnLoad: false })
+      .resize(320, 240)
      .tint('#FF0000')
      .toFile(output, function (err, info) {
        if (err) throw err;
        assert.strictEqual(true, info.size > 0);
-        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(output, fixtures.expected('tint-cmyk.jpg'), 15);
+        fixtures.assertMaxColourDistance(output, fixtures.expected('tint-cmyk.jpg'), maxDistance);
        done();
      });
  });
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Lovell Fuller	8f7fb96a44	Prerelease v0.33.1-rc.0	2023-12-12 09:12:57 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	9e3b021b1a	Add help text for Node.js snap failures The official Node.js Snap as distributed via the Ubuntu Snap Store does not provide support for native modules. Sometimes, if the version of the core matches the version of the underlying OS, then it will appear to work. There are quite a few open issues relating to this in the nodejs/snap repo.	2023-12-11 22:56:51 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	25164d4cef	Tests: tighten yarn locator test for multi-platform	2023-12-11 21:51:20 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	516b1ec332	Improve help text displayed on failure of require	2023-12-11 21:28:09 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	95ba045a69	Tests: improve yarn locator coverage	2023-12-11 21:14:40 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	6e02f9288e	CI: Add package test for Yarn Plug'n'Play	2023-12-10 20:02:17 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	a584ae093e	Allow yarn locator hash calc to fail e.g. Windows	2023-12-10 19:51:21 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	1592f96b7b	Add support for Yarn Plug'n'Play filesystem layout #3888	2023-12-10 19:38:03 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	004fff975f	Docs: clarify yarn v1 vs yarn v3+ installation #3871	2023-12-04 08:46:48 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	4d049ee8f5	Docs: make use of optional dependencies even clearer	2023-12-02 09:20:42 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	c80e92fa16	Docs: highlight that optional deps must be allowed	2023-11-30 12:11:07 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	545e09fad2	Release v0.33.0	2023-11-29 11:55:31 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	133dc56ff4	Docs: note lack of native text rendering with Wasm	2023-11-28 09:08:52 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	9c877d93fa	Docs: info about how animated images are loaded	2023-11-27 20:35:53 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	7ad86fed03	Docs: package-manager howto for cross-platform install	2023-11-27 09:30:21 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	31cf07f0ba	Docs: update perf results for next release Switch from orc to highway is ~25% faster	2023-11-26 14:41:44 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	4ffb48711a	Tests: update benchmark deps/env to latest	2023-11-24 13:22:11 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	3da96a86e6	Docs: clarify that Wasm requires Node.js compatible runtime	2023-11-24 12:00:14 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	45ed9ea9bf	Tests: update leak config/suppressions	2023-11-24 11:59:29 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	61057f25bc	Prerelease v0.33.0-rc.2	2023-11-22 12:17:25 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	68ef72cb61	CI: allow failure when attempting to rm native binary	2023-11-22 12:00:10 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	ef32dccb83	Prerelease v0.33.0-rc.1	2023-11-22 10:16:48 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	e78200cc84	Increase control over output metadata (#3856 ) Add withX and keepX functions to take advantage of libvips 8.15.0 new 'keep' metadata feature.	2023-11-22 09:03:57 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	3f7313d031	Improve tint luminance with weighting function (#3859 ) Co-authored-by: John Cupitt <jcupitt@gmail.com>	2023-11-19 13:19:34 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	139e4b9f65	Show cast-function-type compiler warnings	2023-11-16 11:18:58 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	9680f00ddd	CI: Ensure Wasm packaging test uses Wasm package	2023-11-15 19:28:18 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	0b0ebfe6f8	Bump dep: emnapi	2023-11-13 09:11:58 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	5aadb8294c	Upgrade to libvips v8.15.0	2023-11-12 17:03:38 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	ace1681886	Packaging: use correct package when pop from release	2023-11-10 17:26:21 +00:00
Pooya Parsa	75ef61a958	Correctly check for when sharp is unavailable (#3848 )	2023-11-10 15:30:01 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	2dba5b5451	Prerelease v0.33.0-alpha.11	2023-11-09 15:39:10 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	a8f68ba7f0	Add infrastructure to build and publish as wasm32 (#3840 ) Co-authored-by: Ingvar Stepanyan <me@rreverser.com>	2023-11-09 14:46:07 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	475bf16b09	Tests: increase flaky text test range even further	2023-11-08 14:51:31 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	67f49a8dcd	Tests: increase flaky text test range further	2023-11-08 14:12:03 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	074004392c	Simplify logic to determine installation help	2023-11-06 16:49:53 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	8c5a493f68	Correct Deno package cache rpath from `8d1747a`	2023-11-06 14:20:53 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	cccd1635c5	Small improvements to install error help text	2023-11-06 09:40:45 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	1915c1387e	Docs: recommend use of npm cpu/os flags for cross-install	2023-11-05 14:08:31 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	4a37a27cca	Improve worker thread support by preventing unload on dlclose	2023-11-04 22:23:01 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	ab8a4ed532	Tests: expand expected range of flaky text test Cross-platform font discovery is complex	2023-11-04 21:34:45 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	12fd512b83	CI: simplify npm package smoke tests by using import	2023-11-04 21:15:18 +00:00
Lovell Fuller	239435a6dc	Allow empty lib dir when populating npm packages	2023-11-04 20:08:17 +00:00