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<!-- Generated by documentation.js. Update this documentation by updating the source code. -->
### Table of Contents
- [rotate][1]
- [extract][2]
- [flip][3]
- [flop][4]
- [sharpen][5]
- [blur][6]
- [extend][7]
- [flatten][8]
- [trim][9]
- [gamma][10]
- [negate][11]
- [normalise][12]
- [normalize][13]
- [convolve][14]
- [threshold][15]
- [boolean][16]
- [linear][17]
## rotate
Rotate the output image by either an explicit angle
or auto-orient based on the EXIF `Orientation` tag.
If an angle is provided, it is converted to a valid 90/180/270deg rotation.
For example, `-450` will produce a 270deg rotation.
If no angle is provided, it is determined from the EXIF data.
Mirroring is supported and may infer the use of a flip operation.
The use of `rotate` implies the removal of the EXIF `Orientation` tag, if any.
Method order is important when both rotating and extracting regions,
for example `rotate(x).extract(y)` will produce a different result to `extract(y).rotate(x)`.
**Parameters**
- `angle` **[Number][18]** angle of rotation, must be a multiple of 90. (optional, default `auto`)
**Examples**
```javascript
const pipeline = sharp()
.rotate()
.resize(null, 200)
.toBuffer(function (err, outputBuffer, info) {
// outputBuffer contains 200px high JPEG image data,
// auto-rotated using EXIF Orientation tag
// info.width and info.height contain the dimensions of the resized image
});
readableStream.pipe(pipeline);
```
- Throws **[Error][19]** Invalid parameters
Returns **Sharp**
## extract
Extract a region of the image.
- Use `extract` before `resize` for pre-resize extraction.
- Use `extract` after `resize` for post-resize extraction.
- Use `extract` before and after for both.
**Parameters**
- `options` **[Object][20]**
- `options.left` **[Number][18]** zero-indexed offset from left edge
- `options.top` **[Number][18]** zero-indexed offset from top edge
- `options.width` **[Number][18]** dimension of extracted image
- `options.height` **[Number][18]** dimension of extracted image
**Examples**
```javascript
sharp(input)
.extract({ left: left, top: top, width: width, height: height })
.toFile(output, function(err) {
// Extract a region of the input image, saving in the same format.
});
```
```javascript
sharp(input)
.extract({ left: leftOffsetPre, top: topOffsetPre, width: widthPre, height: heightPre })
.resize(width, height)
.extract({ left: leftOffsetPost, top: topOffsetPost, width: widthPost, height: heightPost })
.toFile(output, function(err) {
// Extract a region, resize, then extract from the resized image
});
```
- Throws **[Error][19]** Invalid parameters
Returns **Sharp**
## flip
Flip the image about the vertical Y axis. This always occurs after rotation, if any.
The use of `flip` implies the removal of the EXIF `Orientation` tag, if any.
**Parameters**
- `flip` **[Boolean][21]** (optional, default `true`)
Returns **Sharp**
## flop
Flop the image about the horizontal X axis. This always occurs after rotation, if any.
The use of `flop` implies the removal of the EXIF `Orientation` tag, if any.
**Parameters**
- `flop` **[Boolean][21]** (optional, default `true`)
Returns **Sharp**
## sharpen
Sharpen the image.
When used without parameters, performs a fast, mild sharpen of the output image.
When a `sigma` is provided, performs a slower, more accurate sharpen of the L channel in the LAB colour space.
Separate control over the level of sharpening in "flat" and "jagged" areas is available.
**Parameters**
- `sigma` **[Number][18]?** the sigma of the Gaussian mask, where `sigma = 1 + radius / 2`.
- `flat` **[Number][18]** the level of sharpening to apply to "flat" areas. (optional, default `1.0`)
- `jagged` **[Number][18]** the level of sharpening to apply to "jagged" areas. (optional, default `2.0`)
- Throws **[Error][19]** Invalid parameters
Returns **Sharp**
## blur
Blur the image.
When used without parameters, performs a fast, mild blur of the output image.
When a `sigma` is provided, performs a slower, more accurate Gaussian blur.
**Parameters**
- `sigma` **[Number][18]?** a value between 0.3 and 1000 representing the sigma of the Gaussian mask, where `sigma = 1 + radius / 2`.
- Throws **[Error][19]** Invalid parameters
Returns **Sharp**
## extend
Extends/pads the edges of the image with the colour provided to the `background` method.
This operation will always occur after resizing and extraction, if any.
**Parameters**
- `extend` **([Number][18] \| [Object][20])** single pixel count to add to all edges or an Object with per-edge counts
- `extend.top` **[Number][18]?**
- `extend.left` **[Number][18]?**
- `extend.bottom` **[Number][18]?**
- `extend.right` **[Number][18]?**
**Examples**
```javascript
// Resize to 140 pixels wide, then add 10 transparent pixels
// to the top, left and right edges and 20 to the bottom edge
sharp(input)
.resize(140)
.background({r: 0, g: 0, b: 0, alpha: 0})
.extend({top: 10, bottom: 20, left: 10, right: 10})
...
```
- Throws **[Error][19]** Invalid parameters
Returns **Sharp**
## flatten
Merge alpha transparency channel, if any, with `background`.
**Parameters**
- `flatten` **[Boolean][21]** (optional, default `true`)
Returns **Sharp**
## trim
Trim "boring" pixels from all edges that contain values within a percentage similarity of the top-left pixel.
**Parameters**
- `tolerance` **[Number][18]** value between 1 and 99 representing the percentage similarity. (optional, default `10`)
- Throws **[Error][19]** Invalid parameters
Returns **Sharp**
## gamma
Apply a gamma correction by reducing the encoding (darken) pre-resize at a factor of `1/gamma`
then increasing the encoding (brighten) post-resize at a factor of `gamma`.
This can improve the perceived brightness of a resized image in non-linear colour spaces.
JPEG and WebP input images will not take advantage of the shrink-on-load performance optimisation
when applying a gamma correction.
**Parameters**
- `gamma` **[Number][18]** value between 1.0 and 3.0. (optional, default `2.2`)
- Throws **[Error][19]** Invalid parameters
Returns **Sharp**
## negate
Produce the "negative" of the image.
**Parameters**
- `negate` **[Boolean][21]** (optional, default `true`)
Returns **Sharp**
## normalise
Enhance output image contrast by stretching its luminance to cover the full dynamic range.
**Parameters**
- `normalise` **[Boolean][21]** (optional, default `true`)
Returns **Sharp**
## normalize
Alternative spelling of normalise.
**Parameters**
- `normalize` **[Boolean][21]** (optional, default `true`)
Returns **Sharp**
## convolve
Convolve the image with the specified kernel.
**Parameters**
- `kernel` **[Object][20]**
- `kernel.width` **[Number][18]** width of the kernel in pixels.
- `kernel.height` **[Number][18]** width of the kernel in pixels.
- `kernel.kernel` **[Array][22]&lt;[Number][18]>** Array of length `width*height` containing the kernel values.
- `kernel.scale` **[Number][18]** the scale of the kernel in pixels. (optional, default `sum`)
- `kernel.offset` **[Number][18]** the offset of the kernel in pixels. (optional, default `0`)
**Examples**
```javascript
sharp(input)
.convolve({
width: 3,
height: 3,
kernel: [-1, 0, 1, -2, 0, 2, -1, 0, 1]
})
.raw()
.toBuffer(function(err, data, info) {
// data contains the raw pixel data representing the convolution
// of the input image with the horizontal Sobel operator
});
```
- Throws **[Error][19]** Invalid parameters
Returns **Sharp**
## threshold
Any pixel value greather than or equal to the threshold value will be set to 255, otherwise it will be set to 0.
**Parameters**
- `threshold` **[Number][18]** a value in the range 0-255 representing the level at which the threshold will be applied. (optional, default `128`)
- `options` **[Object][20]?**
- `options.greyscale` **[Boolean][21]** convert to single channel greyscale. (optional, default `true`)
- `options.grayscale` **[Boolean][21]** alternative spelling for greyscale. (optional, default `true`)
- Throws **[Error][19]** Invalid parameters
Returns **Sharp**
## boolean
Perform a bitwise boolean operation with operand image.
This operation creates an output image where each pixel is the result of
the selected bitwise boolean `operation` between the corresponding pixels of the input images.
**Parameters**
- `operand` **([Buffer][23] \| [String][24])** Buffer containing image data or String containing the path to an image file.
- `operator` **[String][24]** one of `and`, `or` or `eor` to perform that bitwise operation, like the C logic operators `&`, `|` and `^` respectively.
- `options` **[Object][20]?**
- `options.raw` **[Object][20]?** describes operand when using raw pixel data.
- `options.raw.width` **[Number][18]?**
- `options.raw.height` **[Number][18]?**
- `options.raw.channels` **[Number][18]?**
- Throws **[Error][19]** Invalid parameters
Returns **Sharp**
## linear
Apply the linear formula a \* input + b to the image (levels adjustment)
**Parameters**
- `a` **[Number][18]** multiplier (optional, default `1.0`)
- `b` **[Number][18]** offset (optional, default `0.0`)
- Throws **[Error][19]** Invalid parameters
Returns **Sharp**
[1]: #rotate
[2]: #extract
[3]: #flip
[4]: #flop
[5]: #sharpen
[6]: #blur
[7]: #extend
[8]: #flatten
[9]: #trim
[10]: #gamma
[11]: #negate
[12]: #normalise
[13]: #normalize
[14]: #convolve
[15]: #threshold
[16]: #boolean
[17]: #linear
[18]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number
[19]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error
[20]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object
[21]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean
[22]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array
[23]: https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html
[24]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String
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